Moose
| Moose | ||||||||
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 Torfmoos (Sphagnidae frame.) | ||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||
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| scientific name | ||||||||
| Bryophyta | ||||||||
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as Moose (Bryophyta) one designates a department of that Plants and those of world-wide about 26,000 kinds contains. They belong to the simplest land plants and have usually no containers. These kinds become into the class of the Laubmoose (Bryopsida), the Hornmoose (Anthocerotopsida) and two classes of Lebermoosen, (Marchantiopsida and Jungermanniopsida) divided. The science of the Moosen is called Bryologie.
The scientific name leads itself of griech. bryon Moos, phyton plant, plant ago.
Table of contents |
description
it acts with the Moosen around small, evergreen, autotrophe Thalluspflanzen without genuine roots. In place of the roots they possess Rhizoide for anchorage in the soil,not however for the feeding salt admission. They transport nutrients between the cells and by diffusion.
Of all Moose it is characteristic that the haploide Gametophytengeneration is much larger and more differentiated, as the Sporophytengeneration. The Sporophytengeneration is usually only on thatGametophyten (the actual Moos) increasing sporenbildender stand. With the ferns, the higher plants and also in the animal realm it turned around. The Gametophyt withdraws there in its development strongly and consists partially only of few cells, thosesometimes even in the Sporophyten grow. With humans for example the haploide sperm cell would correspond (single-cell) to a Gametophyten and the man the diploiden Sporophyten.
Evolutionary Moose descend from a Urkormophyten . Guidance containers are with some Laubmoosen (for example with the kind Polytrichum) into find reduced form.
development cycle of the Moose
sexual generation
Moose show a characteristic change of generations. A Moosspore with a simple Chromosomensatz developsitself for sexual generation. This consists for the time being of the green Vorkeim, the so-called Protonema. With the Laubmoosen for example the Protonema is designed as network from thin threads. Usually then the individual MOO seedlings grow from the Protonema. Ithowever also Moose gives, with which the Protonema dominates.
, The sexual MOO plant developed now trains female sex organs (Archegonien) and male sex organs (Antheridien). The male sex organs produce mobile Spermatozoiden. The female sex organs produce Eizellen. For thoseFertilization is water necessarily, in which the Spermatozoiden can move freely.
Ungeschlechtliche generation
comes it to the fertilization of the Eizelle, then this grows up to the Sporophyten, thus the diploiden generation. This is perfect from the actual MOO plantdependently. It normally consists of a handle (the Seta) and a cap. With many Moosen the cap is raised also not by its own handle, but by a handle-like excrescence of the Gametophyten ( the so-called pseudopodium).
In this MOO capthe maturing hurrying takes place, which leads to the education of the haploiden Sporen. From these again the sexual generation can develop.
Moose as habitat
Moose good water reservoirs and by its often laminar stature good Bodendecker are there,form they a popular habitat for many humidity-loving animals as for example for source mites and Gliederfüsser, in addition, higher organisms such as amphibians.
from
the year 2005 Moose show special according to a study in the earth orbit a their ownGrowth behavior. While other plants under almost weightlessness lose orientation, the fine MOO rushing runners form a akkurates spiral sample. Normally Moose grow in the dark against the force of gravity, which due to their tendency to thus grow over the earth's surface and to the light is meaningful.The MOO cells would obviously possess however still another more original growth sample, which steps to day only if the force of gravity signal is lost or is disturbed. The developing spiral sample consists of in the clockwise direction curved cell threads. According to the theory these spirals could do an originalGrowth sample of the MOO cells its, which was covered in the course of the evolution, when the Moose acquired the ability to react to the force of gravity.
systematics
- department of Moose (Bryophyta)
- class Marchantiopsida
- order Sphaerocarpales
- order Marchantiales
- class Jungermanniopsida
- order Metzgeriales
- order Calobryales
- order Jungermanniales
- class Laubmoose (Bryopsida)
- subclass Torfmoose (Sphagnidae)
- order Sphagnales
- subclass Klaffmoose (Andreaeidae)
- order Andreaeales
- order Takakiales
- subclass Bryidae
- order Dawsoniales
- order Polytrichales
- order Dicranales
- order Fissidentales
- order Pottiales
- order Grimmiales
- order Syrrhopodontales
- order Bartramiales
- order Encalyptales
- order Funariales
- To order Bryales
- order Neckerales
- order Hookeriales
- order Hypnales
- order Buxbaumiales
- order Tetraphidales
- order Schistostegales
- subclass Torfmoose (Sphagnidae)
- class Hornmoose (Anthocerotopsida)
- class Marchantiopsida
see also
literature
- Volkmar Wirth, Ruprecht Düll: Color Atlas lichens and Moose. Ulmer,Stuttgart (high home) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3517-5
- Franz Fukarek et al.: Urania Pflanzenreich: Moose, ferns, Nacktsamer. Urania, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-332-01168-5
- January Peter Frahm, Wolfgang Frey, J. DO ring: Moosflora. 4. , again and extended edition (UTB for science, volume 1250) worked on. Ulmer,Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-2772-5 (Ulmer) & ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 (UTB)
- January Peter Frahm: Biology of the Moose. Spectrum & academic publishing house, Heidelberg and Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0164-X
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