Engine haven
the engine haven covers all kinds of sport, which that as fast or the also skillful ones as possible moving of motor driven vehicles by their drivers as a goal have. Essentially are this automobile haven, motorcycling and powerboat racings. In addition, besides still competitions take in accountSpecial vehicles as for example tractors (Tractorpulling) and/or. Truck (Truck Racing) to the engine haven.
Frequently also running with rocket or nozzle-driven land and vessels among the engine haven are ranked, although these are not operated by an engine.
“In the automobile ofPeking to Paris " was 1907 one of the first publicized “running meetings”. Adventure desire, the urge after technical progress and sporty motivation were the mainsprings of the first engine sportsmen.
Table of contents |
historical development
the beginnings around 1900
the engine haven developed in outgoing 19. Century from Wettfahrten of the first owners ofMotor vehicles. Due to bad road conditions as well as the vehicle technology developed not yet far in particular the reliability and strength of the motor vehicles were to be confirmed. With Wettfahrten against riders, bicycle drivers and railways higher top speed could be obtained, the perseverance speeds however were in view of frequent problems not yet satisfyingly. For lack of gas station net the fuel was referred in small quantities from pharmacies.
Although these activities drew usually a large public resonance, the manufacturers of engine-claimant progressive movement means held first from these meetings distance, thereits vehicles above all the travelling comfort for the purpose had and not for delivering of running were conceived.
Until one came on the advertising effectiveness of racer sequences. One used first of all completely normal “series products”. Only by these successes began itselfslowly a motorcycle and an automobile industry developing from the bicycle industry.
Similarly as with Radrennen (route de France) also running with automobiles or motorcycles was written out from usually large daily papers (L´Equipe, DAILY telegraph, Chicago grandstand etc.). It acteditself around strenous round travels or running from a large city to the other one. First running with automobiles led from Paris to Rouen. Running from Paris to Madrid was broken off however in the year 1903 after several deaths. Among other things was onethe Renault - brothers has an accident. One was limited thereafter usually to shorter courses, which became to drive through however several times, approximately with the first Grand Prix with Le Mans the year 1906. Thus developed apart from road running the round distance running.
intermediate wartime
If there was before the First World War motives like the demonstration of stability and perseverance, then intermediate wartime determined the motive of the speed intoxication. The engines were in the meantime in particular capable of of far developed compressors by for the air war of higher achievements thanit was necessary for the normal traffic.
Thus special racing courses were built, which permitted high speeds, for instance the AVUS in Berlin with their two long straight lines and for superelevated curves or Monza in Italy for the first time, likewise with superelevated curves. InBelgian Spa Francorchamps was developed a triangular course from highways by introduction by local by-passes for high speeds.
The technical progress preceded however faster than one about 1934 during the introduction of new rules for the Grand Prix - racing to introduce itselfcould. Already 1937 reached the racing cars achievements of over 500 HP and top speed over 300 km/h, during record travels over 400 km/h. Also with the motorcycles the speeds increased: 1929 reached harsh ore Le Vack with 207,73 km/h world record, 1937Eric Fernihough with 273,244 km/h provided again for a world record.
to the Second World War
after the Second World War some time on Vorkriegsniveau had to be still driven further. In the early 50's one however already drewnew technical engine generation off. End of the 50's then linings got with the motorcycles and streamlines förmige bodies both automobiles. Starting from the 1960er better chassis and tire permitted to years also for relatively weakly motorized vehicles high speeds on windingRacing courses. A new problem developed: security for participants and spectators. It came to heavy accidents with numerous dead ones. Running meetings were forbidden, work running teams withdrew themselves from the active engine haven.
Racing remained very dangerously. Only end of the 1960er yearsone got by change of the racing courses (creation of fall areas) as well as the introduction of seat belts, overroll bars, fireproof clothes etc. both in the professional classes and within the ever more strongly becoming spreading haven range the injury risk so far in grasp that end of the 1970er years personal injuriesfor drivers or spectators back went.
the development with the spectator numbers
also a change within the spectator range resulted in the course of the time. Before the First World War one exclusively drove on crushed stone routes or on running courses with concrete courses.The spectators could literally stand with free distances on the road, with the round distances gave already it to grandstands. In intermediate wartime was not it much different. However there was already some running on stressing straining. After the Second World War experiencedRun true spectator booms: far over 100.000 spectators the racing courses säumten. Closely they stood at the edges of road and sometimes bordered it to a miracle that nothing happened.
Declining numbers of visitors end of the 50's, at the beginning of the 60's led to “out” numerous running meetings.
If one could stand into the 60's still formally very closely at the racing courses and move by the driver camps, then one had starting from the 70's ever further away of the distances: Safety fall areas and catch fences, admission prohibitions to the driver camps created onenew atmosphere on the racing courses. , One could observe running drivers, in former times for touching close only from the distance.
Today above all the international motorcycle Grand Prix and formula 1 runs are as organized commerce events and far away from the originsmotorcycling, which concerns the spectators.
source
Österr. To motorcycle literature and picture archives
