Mycobacterium avium

Mycobabacterium avium is the exciter of the Geflügeltuberkulose.

The kind designation Mycobacterium avium usually becomes both for M. avium, and for M. intracellulare uses, since both kinds cannot be separated due to many common characteristics accurately. Only the allocation of the bacteria trunks to the individual Serovaren (M. avium = Serovare 1 - 3; M. intracellulare = Serovare 4 -) a distinction makes 28 possible.

M. avium a privileged position takes, since it causes on the one hand the Geflügeltuberkulose, on the other hand also with humans and/or with the taxonomischen allocation. Arises to mammals as pathogens.

The bacterium ranks among the atypical Mykobakterien (all exciters, which do not cause Tuberkulose , Paratuberkulose or leprosy, see also MOTT) and the Runyon group III is assigned. In the cultural Anzüchtung needs it temperatures of 44 - 45°C and grows on Glycerolmedien in spherical, damp-smudgy colonies. In nature the exciter can remain in the soil longer than 1 year infectionable. The Aviumstämme of the Serovars 2 possesses the highest Virulenz for chickens.

M. avium the animal epidemic releases Geflügeltuberkulose only with birds. Chickens, followed from pigeons, possess the highest susceptibility grab birds and Wassergeflügel. Infections with humans or with mammals are called Mykobakteriosen. They arise earliest with cattle and pigs and work among other things as exciters of Mastitiden with cows.