New settler lake
| new settler lake | |
|---|---|
 satellite photo new settlers of the lake | |
| data | |
| situation: | nördl. Castle country, west Hungary |
| surface: | 156.9 km ² (with reed belt 276.4 km ²) |
| maximum depth: | 1.8 m |
| middle depth: | 1 m |
| of supplies: | Wulka |
| of discharges: | Einserkanal (artificial) |
| height over NN: | 115.45 m |
| larger cities on the bank: | Neusiedlat the lake |
| characteristics: | very flat |
the new settler lake (ungar. “Fertő tó”, “fertőzés” infection) is beside the disk lake the only steppe lake meant word by word in Europe. The lake is both on Austrian and on Hungarian national territory. Of the surface of the Austrian part agoseen it is simultaneous the largest lake of Austria (of Austria portion of the otherwise larger Bodensee is smaller). It is characterised by its reed belt, its very small depth and its mild and windy climate. The singular fauna and Flora become by the two national park new settlers sea-sea-angle and Fertő Hanság and the appointment as the UNESCO Welterbe emphasized.
Table of contents |
Geografie
emergence
by a tectonic break-down developed before 20 millions Years the pannonische lowlandses, which were flooded later by the Tethysmeer. After the sinking of the sea before 11 millions Years in Pannonium formed a salty brackish water lake. The Salzgehalt decreased/went back, since the salt with the sediment was deposited. At the end of the last ice age before 13,000 years the back-yielding Danube glacier released the last large sinking procedure, which arranged the today's sediment basin new settlers of the lake.
arrangement
the lake has approximately the form of a shoe spoon, the northern third new settler bay is called, the narrowest place is the Illmitzer sea-tightness and in the south lies completely by reed of the remainder of the lake to a large extentseparate silver lake.
extents
the sea-surface on the average 315 km amount to ² depending upon water level, about which 240 km lie ² in Austria and 75 km ² in Hungary. The Austrian part forms thereby the largest sea-surface in Austria. The catchment area of the lake amounts to 1,120 km ². ThoseMain expansion in north-south direction amounts to 36 km, the width between 6 and 12 km. The height of Earth's curvature amounts to between Neusiedl at the lake and Mörbisch 9.60 m, so that one cannot see from an end on the other hand.
reed belt
the lake is nearlycompletely surrounded by a reed belt, he forms the habitat of the singular animal world of the region. By the prevailing northwest air flow grows on the east bank clearly fewer reed than on the west bank. With thunder churches the reed up to 8 km is broad, Podersdorf is because of the only reed-free beach section of2 km length.
The reed belt increased from 1941 to 1965 strongly and covers a surface alone in Austria of approximately 100 km ². One calls the passages by the reed belt Schluichten. The reed belt direction sea-center partly grows and encloses with it again small sea-surfaces.
10 15% of the reed belt is harvested by machine by farmers and to unite professional reed cutters in the winter and partly also processed. In addition the one year's reed would be best suitably, the national park required however rotation management of several years of the reed surfaces. That led in the past always again to the fact thatold reed existence into fire were law-adversely, in order to receive surfaces for young reed. The burgenländische federal state government plans now in Neusiedl at the lake a biomass power station, which is to use the old reed, in order to work against thereby the threatening Verschilfung of the lake.
An already old product of theLake is the reed as building material, even if application changed. If it was used in former times for stucco work and for the roofing, it is processed today also as thermal insulation and Sichtschutz.
surrounding countryside
the lake lies in the small Hungarian lowlandses thosethe western Ausläufer of the Hungarian lowlandses represents. It is limited in the northwest by the last Ausläufern of the alps, the Rosaliengebirge and the Leithagebirge, and in the north of the Parndorfer plate. Further the sea-angle is appropriate for elm in the east, the hill country in the southwest andthe Waasen, Hungarian also Hanság mentioned, in the south and southeast.
Bathing and harbor facilities have the places Illmitz, Podersdorf , pastures , Neusiedl at the lake , Jois in the district Neusiedl at the lake and in the district iron city environment Breitenbrunn, PUR-brook, Oggau, Mörbisch and the free city prepare in Austria, as well as Fertőrákos in Hungary.
Further places in the surrounding countryside are Apetlon, Gols, hoists at the lake, thunder churches, Oslip, Fertőboz, Fertőd, Balf, wolf, Mekszikópuszta, Fertőhomok, Hegykő, Sarród and Fertőújlak
Hydrogeologie
sea-basin
the underground of the lake is usually sandig, in some places is crushed stone banks. The current prevents the deposit of the floating sediment particles and thus the formation of mud.Only within ranges without current close to the reed or in bays and ports rotting biomass and anaerobic sludge settles and forms salient methane - and hydrogen sulfide gases. These are also the cause of the unusual ice-free places, if in the winter the lake otherwise completelyfroze over.
water regime/water level
Unterjährige fluctuations
of the water levels lies on the average with approximately 115.45 m.ü. M., the maximum depth amounts to only 1.8 M. The under-year old fluctuation span is with 60 to 80 cm. In August the lowest water levels are measured.
Precipitation and drynesses can entail on the one hand substantial floodings and on the other hand the drainage of the lake. The Wasserzufuhr takes place to approximately 80% via the precipitation and 20% via the smaller supplies, like Wulka, Wolfsbrunnbach, meadow brook, Rákosbach and local drains. The few outthe Leithagebirge fed sources of fresh water are negligible for the water level. Since the sea-basin is separate by close Tegelschichten from the sea-angle, there also no groundwater comes into the lake from. The lake does not have natural discharges, the evaporation is responsible for 90% of the loss of water. There thatLake in a very wind-rich area lies, leads this high quantities of water into the reed belt, which is very rapidly up-sucked by the plants.
fluctuations of several years
the fluctuation span of several years of the water level is clearly smaller since 1965 with scarcely 90 cm - and thus thatWater level of the lake more stably - than before it. Before fluctuations of 1,6 m were usual. Since 1965 the risk of inundations sank also clearly. This was made possible by employment exactly defined procedures for the stabilization of the water level between Austria and Hungary in the year 1965. This soregulation of lakes mentioned is regulated over the Einser channel by a sea-edge air-lock between Apetlon and Mekszikópuszta on Hungarian national territory. Bilateral water-economical questions are treated by the Austrian-Hungarian waters commission.
Before the adjustment work in 19. Century continued the lake in the southeast in the far swampland of the Waasen,are received from in the south still the remainder. It was located thus in a close connection with the Danube and the Raab. This system was destroyed by the flood gate by Győr and the dewatering (by dams and channels) of the Waasen in the sea-angle.
Historical fluctuations and effects
in the course of the centuries and constantly fell the sea-mirror rose, which approximately affected naturally also the life around the lake.
Beginning 17. Jh.the lake drained over several decades slowly, so that even already considered a recultivation of the sea-soilbecame. But after some years was the lake again full and reached 1768 with a surface of 515 km ² a highest level. Much pastureland was inundated, so that even farmers had to move away.
Between 1775 and 1780 a channel became by the Hanság (dt: Waasen)dug and a dam route between Pamhagen and Fertőd establishes. In the coming 40 years the lake drained again and filled again. The channel was extended. Far parts of the moorlands and with Magyaróvár (Hungarian old person castle) were drying-put developed large meadows. The surrounding countryside experiencedeven farmer sons could study an economic upswing, in the consequence.
1838 led the lake however again floods and destroyed many agricultural cultures. For the protection of the agriculture Karl Kecskés planned the complete dewatering of the lake. One drained the swampy Hanság. In the consequence gefror the lakein the winter up to the reason, all fish ended, and the project was dropped from shortage of money.
During the last drainage from 1864 to 1870 in the dry sea-bed rice one cultivated. Until 1871 only more a narrow strip water remained. The soil hardened out and verkrustete.The wind carried the salty dust into the surrounding places and particularly into the wine gardens. The sea-soil was however agriculturally hardly usable, and salt-resident plants settled, which occurred otherwise only at the seacoast. Ways between the sea-municipalities, for example ofIllmitz after Mörbisch, were put on.
1872 were however the lake already again full. In the consequence the Raabregulierungsgesellschaft was created, which had the task to always put the lake to drying. In Meyers encyclopedia of 1905 stands to it:.. From cause of the Raabregulierung andthe dewatering of the Hanság one plans a complete discharging of the lake… Thus 1885 are begun with the planning of a channel from Pamhagen to the Rabnitz (castle country ). But only 1895 were begun with the building of the Einserkanals and he was finished placed to 1909. By constant dredging andIt served silting-up at best for the adjustment of the lake, but not for the dewatering. In addition further channels would have been planned, their names “two-channel”, Dreierkanal' and so on read should. Further channels were not built, dewatering plans for the lake were meanwhile further pursued. Thus found to 24. and 25.April 1918 a committing in the sea-area instead of. The director of the adjustment company of the Raab, ministerial officials, engineers involved as experts and the solicitor of Nikolaus IV. was. Prince Esterházy (1869 - 1920). Result their determinations and consultation was:
- „The continuation “of the regulation of lakes as „urgent thing “, because thosewater-covered surface for the agriculture „“is not usable. Because of the low water level the lake is unsuitable also for the fishery.
- The older plan of the building one „connecting ditch “in the lake for water derivative with resoling width of 15 meters and high dams of the inlet of the Wulkaup to the Hanságkanal is impracticable.
- The containment of a sea-part is appropriate. This - for purposes of the agriculture unsuitable - patch with increased water level is to serve „the fishing calibration economy “, in addition, remain with „reed existence “. (So far) the other sea-part will meanwhile completely drain. Thus became for oneagricultural use useful soil won; this can be watered if necessary from the sea-remainder.
- Half of the sea-basin „westward “is „the good mud soil because of for the soil culture to save “. References about 30,000 yoke between Jois and Balf (wolf). The eastern part between Podersdorf and Illmitz - about 12,000 yoke - is to be furnished for the fishery. The remaining surfaces are to be assigned according to the desires of the owners or other category.
To 18. May 1918 loaded Nikolaus IV. Prince Esterházy everything „sea-prospective customers “to a conference to 15. June 1918in Györ (Raab). Therein stressed it which had new settler lake as such „no more meaning “and it is „for the purposes of the agriculture… so far a relatively small area won “. It closed with the idiom: „We sündigen against the interest of the Landeskultur andagainst our own economic interest, if the sea-question will not supply ehestens its final solution. “The meeting to 15. June 1918 took place under the presidency of the prince. Their article was the project summarized before. The prospective customers constituted „unanimously and with enthusiasm “a regulation of lakes company. Alsothe bishop von Györ (Raab) Anton Fetser stepped „most warmly for the regulation of lakes “. „The participants left the animated conference “then „in the conviction that the affair of the adjustment of the new settler lake is in best driving water. … “this - in their opinion - „promiseful drainage plan “failedhowever by the connection of the castle country at Austria. Prevented the conversion of further plans for the dewatering new settlers of the lake 1921 hunters, Naturschützer and the population, that feared a climatic change.
In the year 1929 gefror the lake up to the soil, and that fish existence was again destroyed.
In the year 1938 was examined projects for preservation and stabilization of the lake. In addition inlets of Danube belonged and/or. Leitha for the elevation of the water level, air-locks with the Einserkanal and even the installation of turbines. A transverse dam from Mörbisch to Illmitz should a storage reservoir in the northern part of the lakefill and to the dewatering of the Hungarian part lead. One transverse dam and two longitudinal dams at the west and east bank should cause a dewatering of the reed belt. This could be prevented however, among other things also by Stephan Aumüller.
1941 achieved the lake its largest expansion within living memory. Itmany kilometers stepped the far over banks and flooded some parts of Anreinergemeinden. Street names like the lakeshore lane in Apetlon show in the middle this very day, how far the lake could expand.
1965 began the air-lock regulation in Mekszikópuszta, with this regulation of lakes the flooding danger were dammed and thatReed growth braked.
prognosis and measures
in the year 2003 the water level new settlers of the lake dropped again strongly and led to a problem for some Segler, which could not run out with their boats. The authorities assigned therefore the university for soil culture Vienna,to prognosticate the future of the lake in some studies. A most extensive drainage of the new settler lake is predicted starting from 2010 to 2050. The global heating up and ever smaller amounts of precipitation are to lead to a gradual drainage of the lake in the coming decades. At present it is examined whether an inletfrom Danube water into the north of the new settler lake is possible. As problematic thereby, apart from the structural requirements, above all the difference in the composition of the two inland waters is seen. So the additional nutrient content and the smaller Salzgehalt of the Danube water could accelerate the growth of the reed belt further.
| Wikinews: The Austrian new settler lake will drain starting from 2010 - current message |
hydrology
water temperature
the shallow lake adapts its temperature to water very rapidly to the surrounding air temperature. On particularly hot days can water temperatures to to the 30 °C reachedbecome. However the lake cools down with passages of a Gewitterfront also again rapidly. In the summer 22 to 23 is measured on the average °C.
the current of the lake turns currents against the effect of the Corioliskraft in the clockwise direction, the west bank of the lake points a north currenton and on the eastern side a south current. Besides there are numerous gyroscope currents within the range of bays and islands. The direction of the current at the reason can run the surface current opposite. It often comes to a layer-wise overlay of cooler and warmer Wassermassen. Thus leavealso alleged warm sources explain themselves, which are noticeable when bathing in the lake.
In the channels in the reed can occur with stronger wind flow rates from 0,5 to 1 m/s.
waves
the waves are steeper than those on deep waters, have however the sameWave picture with three small and two large waves. The waves are also higher, than one would expect it from the shallow lake. The undulation follows rarely accurately the wind direction and deviates rather to the right. Water sportsmen call the wave picture at the new settler lake Kabbelwelle.
Water quality
since 1972 supervises biological Forschungsinstitut for the castle country with Illmitz also the water quality of the lake. The bath water quality of the water becomes regular after the appoximate values of the European Union guideline in accordance with. 76/160/EWG confirms. The water quality of the new settler lake is determined every five years in the Trophiensystem andsince 1990 as mesotroph to eutroph described.
From the currents and the small depth of the lake concise clouding of the water results by floating sediment particles. The new settler lake is not a fresh water lake, it has a slight salt concentration (approx. a twentieth of sea water). By cloudingsunlight also hardly comes to the sea-soil despite the small depth, which prevents alga vegetation and Verschilfung additionally to the Salzgehalt.
The Salzgehalt is to be due to the underground of the sea-basin. The salty Tethyssedimente was covered in the ice ages with a layer by Danube sediments. Groundwater diffuses by the kochsalzhaltigeLayer through upward. It satisfies itself with salt. In, the ice-age sediment layer lying over it the well - and Cl - are replaced ions of the salt by ion exchange by mg -, SO 4 - and CO 3 - ions. The salts of the lake develop, i.e. Common salt (NaCl), Glauber's salt (well 2 SO 4), epsom salt (MgSO 4) and as main part soda (well 2 CO 3) in the regional dialect the Zick to be called. Also the name of the Zicksees lying in the sea-angle agitates therefore.
The content of different salts of 2000more g/Kubikmeter is to be compared for instance with the mineral material content in mineral waters. Not to confound the substantially higher Salzgehalt is in the neighbouring small lakes in the sea-angle, like a being enough lacquers.
meteorology
climatic conditions
the lake lies in the sphere of influencethe continental pannonischen climate. In the rain shade of the alps the thermionics of the lake ensures for the fact that in the summer only few precipitation waters the country east the lake, since thunderclouds are usually northward pushed aside. In the annual average under 600 mm precipitation is measured, but becomebut here 300 sun days per year counted, what the tourism for the advantage handed. Those temperature equalizing-ends effect of the lake provides for a mild autumn. This offers optimal conditions for the viticulture.
wind
the lake is considered as very wind-rich, which for wind energy plants and of Seglern and Windsurfern are used.
The prevailing wind direction is size. In the summer months also hoist is out SO frequent to SW. Suddenly arising Böen and storms can become dangerous for navigation and water haven, there the hoist during a storm at any time strengthen and often withinfewer minutes of strengths from 6 to 10 bft to assume know. Most storms develop following southern air flow, which changes then very rapidly to strong size wind.
About two times in the year gale-like storms are bft registered starting from 10. Can depending upon directionand develop for duration of the storm a tilt of the water level up to 80 cm. The ever highest measured inclination was to 29. March 1888 with 81 cm. In the year 1926 there was over five days a going through storm, that by its strength 80 km ² the lake drying-put.
dangers
of the 1. May up to 30. Septembers are spent at each bathing beach Sturmwarnungen by yellow flare signals. Many water sportsmen underestimate the dangers of the shallow lake, what leads every few years to victims. The high frequency and force of the wavesWind forces starting from 8 often not possibly make a surviving in the water bft also for rescue floats. One can stand nor swim with basic lake neither. Therefore is in danger situations, like with the Kentern of a boat to remain urgently recommended with the boat and hold to it to assistance arrives itself.
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stone-temporal
and bronze-temporal finds work on prove that the country is approximately around the lake settled for 8,000 years. When the Romans created the province Pannonien in the year 9, they called around the new settler lake Boierwüste the country, thereit was very thinly populated by the Boiern. Around the year 70 the lake was possibly designated by Plinius the older one with Lacus Peiso, after the trunk Pei, which lived with the lake. The close oak forests of the sea-angle were cleared at the Roman time, there the woodin Carnuntum one used. Back those remained today well-known, forest-poor Pusztalandschaft. First wine gardens developed at the latest under the government emperor Probus.
the Middle Ages
at the end of the people migration had the Ostgoten many settlements at the new settler lake, them followed Awaren, Slawen finally andthe Magyaren. Around the turn of the century the lake might have drained after one heat period. 1074 were mentioned for the first time documentary the Stagnum Ferteu, from which the Hungarian name might come. It was called depending upon water level alternating sump, river or lake. The defeated Petschenegen are settled of the Hungary as border guards around the lake, besides also Bavarian settlers come into the country. In the year 1242 the Mongols destroyed the population at the lake, in the subsequent years again South German settlers in the country were gotten. These settled also the ruins of the city Saturday market again, from which the name of the city Neusiedl and then also the German name of the lake were derived.
modern times
during the Turk wars, of 1526 with the first Viennese Turk FE storage up to the battle at the bald mountain in the year 1683, and the Kuruzzenaufständen until 1711 the region was contesting width unit borderland. The survivors inhabitants hid themselves during the military conflicts in the reed belt.
modern trend
the fishery was an important industry, fish wagenweise as Zehent after iron city to the princes Esterházy was supplied.
In Neusiedl at the lake operatedthe k.u.k.Kriegsmarine cadet school, young sea-men learned here sails. The Jollen used for it produced in one threw waited between Podersdorf and pastures and.
The entire castle country belonged until 1920/1921 too (German west Hungary). Since 1898 had due to the Magyarisierungspolitik of the government in Budapestthe Hungarian name Fertö tó to be used.
After end of the First World War after tough negotiations German west Hungary was awarded 1919 in the contracts by Saint Germain and Trianon Austria. The lake belongs since 1921 predominantly to the again created Land of the Federal Republic castle country (see also history of the castle country and popular vote 1921in the castle country). Afterwards the first tourists came to the lake, the world economic crisis forced however many castle countries into the emigration.
During the Second World War aerial engagement between bombers over the lake, which attacked Viennese new city , found, and which Luftwaffe instead of. Into the 1990erinside wrecks and projectiles from the lake were saved.
To the end of the crew time by the Soviets tourism and agriculture on the Austrian side came into momentum, the lake made possible for the agrarian organized sea-municipalities the change to tourism centers. 1956, during the Hungarian rising of the people,many thousand humans fled over the bridge of Andau, which traverses the Einser channel, to Austria. Many Migranten overcame the iron curtain to 1989, as they by the lake and the reed belt fled into the west. Some you left lives.
Nature
one year at the lake
spring is characterized by the high water level and the arrival of the migratory birds.
In the summer the water level up to 80cm lost and tourists and water sportsmen to populate the lake. In the reed belt dischargeless and clear pools develop,the bright ones in such a way specified, in which the birds find their food. In the reed the new generation becomes slowly flügge.
By the heat-storing function of the lake the autumn comes usually late and mildly, the migratory birds takes off again and the lake begins itself slowly to fill.The water level is adjusted, in order to prevent floodings in the flat surrounding countryside.
Nearly each year freezes the lake in the winter on a few weeks or months too. If it snows and storms then however, the whole area sinks in snow banks. The winter is to end,if the angetauten ice plates, from the strong northwest wind floated, up-pile up themselves on the east bank of the lake to the meter-high ice impact.
work on], typical
, plants
beside the reed grow still many different mentioned above for thoseRegion typical grasses. In addition, one finds many protected plants like the lady's-slipper (Cypripedium calceolus) or the moorland Glanzstendel and/or. the sump gloss herb (Liparis loesilii) the Orchidee of the yearly of 1994.
The carnivorous water hose (Utricularia spp .) is particularly unusual, which is to be found in the bright ones.
Upthe salty soils salt specialists grow like the Salzkresse, which salt who courage beach-salt-announces and . On the salt-free dry meadows flower small Knabenkraut, Austrian flax, soil Tragant, magenta king candle and dwarf sword lily.
mammals
over 40 Säugetieraten like the Ziesel, the Steppeniltis and the hamster lives around the lake.
birds
in the reed belt live over 300 kinds of bird. Of it 150 kinds are breeding birds. Those are 40% of all European and 80% of all Austrian kinds of bird. Among them is also the largest breeding area of the Silberreiher with up to 700Pairs. The grey heron is represented with approximately 35 pairs and Grosstrappen gives it to still about 70. The stork, which is treated similarly a coat of arms animal in the entire region, is most well-known. Also Löffler, magenta heron, emperor eagle, sea-eagle, grey goose, Pirol, Säbelschnäbler, combat runners, Seeregenpfeifer, river sea-swallow, red thighs, Uferschnepfe, large curlew, Schafstelze, short-eared owl, Wiesenweihe and many further protected birds provide for active interest of Ornithologen and nature lovers.
fish
Autochthone of food fish are the Hecht, the Zander, the mirror carp, the game carp, the Amur and the Wels, further populate white fish and the breedingpredatory Flussbarsch the lake. The Aal does not come in the new settler lake natural-proves forwards, he laicht into the Saragossa in the Atlantic and as a in demand food fish was suspended. There itselfthe Aal also nourished by the Laich of native fish, was forbidden last suspending Glasaalen due to arising problems. The Giebel - existence consist exclusively of females, it increase parthenogenetisch. The Sonnenbarsch was brought in from North America.
amphibians and reptiles
the reed belt and bank range different amphibians, like the earth toad, are relatively frequent the change toad and the garlic toad, the European Laubfrosch, the moorland frog, the small water frog, the sea-frog and the pond frog. Alsothe Rotbauchunke is here resident beside its relatives, the Gelbbauchunke. Rarer the Feuersalamander is to be observed.
Under the reptiles one finds frequently the Ringelnatter and different lizards like the eastern emerald lizard.
insects
beside the unpopular Gelsen tummeln itselfon the bank also Exoten like the southRussian Tarantel (Lycosa singoriensis) and the moon horn beetle. Here also 1,500 kinds of butterfly were proven.
national park
already 1935 gives to furnish it first efforts a national park. But only 1993 became actually the lake with its surrounding countryside due tothe Flora and fauna singular for Central Europe as the national park explains. The park consists of the Austrian part new settler sea-sea-angle with 9.700 hectars and from 6.500 the hectar to 23.500 hectars extended far larger Hungarian part Fertő Hanság. The transnational national park is subject to the RAM acre convention and that Natura 2000 conventions. Since because of the new settler lake the western end of the eurasischen steppe belt is, here such typical mechanisms are to be found like the Ziehbrunnen, which is actually a romantic motive of the Puszta.
world inheritance
the area around the new settler lake became 2001 UNESCO Welterbe appointed. The award found contemporaneous to 18. May 2003 in Pamhagen in Austria as well as on lock Esterházy in Fertőd instead of.
recreation area for
a great routistic importance has tourism and economics [work on], there itself two thirdshere concentrate. For west Hungary the lake does not have this meaning. The tourism on Hungarian side profits rather from the national park as of the only seaside resort in the port from Fertőrákos. This was in former times for the communist cadres reserved and therefore until 1989 not generally accessible.
By itsformer separation by the iron curtain was visited the lake in Austria from the geographical proximity to the population centre Vienna mainly by Wienern and called therefore also sea of the Viennese. Into the 1980er years came predominantly Viennese and German guests for on the average two weeksinto bath holidays to the lake. By the changed vacation behavior the tourism lives mainly on the daily tourists from Austria. Only few individualists and sportsman spend longer in this area. In the pre and off-season many Austrian schools select the region for school sport weeks, whichits surviving for the local tourism enterprises secures. Also some camping sites for duration or short term tents are been to PUR-brook because of on the bank, as in Podersdorf, Oggau, prepare or.
All bathing beaches at the lake were removed in the last years with Ziel-1 funds of the European Union in the best way and offer thosenecessary infrastructure at parking lots, Liegewiesen, boat couch places, restaurant, sanitary plumbings, kiosks and so on. But and for preservation per person entrance is required, the prices are with approximately 3 euro.
Podersdorf at the lake was established as center of the tourism at the new settler lake. The municipality hasthe highest Nächtigungszahlen, the variety and is because of the only reed-free beach section of the lake.
sport
main profits the tourism by meetings and mechanisms for to sails, Surfen, Beachvolleyball, Inlineskaten, riding and also wheel drivingof the lake. Thus there is a wheel round course under others around the lake with a length of 135 km, about which 38 km in Hungary and 97 km in Austria run.
Well-known sporty events are the annual sea-crossing of Mörbisch after Illmitz and the Austriathlon in Podersdorf.Find at the end of annual April Kitesurf and Windsurf apply with the buzzer Opening at the beach of Podersdorf instead of. In May 2006 the ISAF delivers a world championship in sails and Windsurfen at the new settler lake. In addition 100,000 visitors are expected.
In the winter winter sports comes also into the eastAustria.Ice sails, ice skate running and long running are most popular kinds of winter sports on the far surface of the frozen lake.
viticulture
by the favorable climate with 2000 sun hours is operated annually in the region also very much viticulture, whereby on the one hand very much wine into othersRegions one sells, in addition, in numerous Heurigenbetrieben and Vinotheken directly one markets. In the viticulture regions new settler lake and new settler sea-hill country are managed altogether approx. 16,500 hectars. Dominating white wine places are the Welschriesling and Weissburgunder. With the red wines there is branch ELT, the pc. Laurent and the blue-Frankish. The Weinbaugebiet is in the 1960ern and 1970ern with specialities such as drying berry selection and ice wine admits become. After the wine scandal 1985 the viticulture decreased/went back some years strongly, in the meantime the quality of the produced wines however world class level reached. Point evaluationswith renowned critics such as Robert Parker occupy the claim to leadership of the viticulture region in Austria.
fishery
it gives today only a handful to occupation Fischer at the lake, which catches the popular food fish with staggered array plants. Many native ones and guests loosen an angler map and pull with somethingLuck and local knowledge considerable fish ashore. At least they tell of it (see angler latin).
culture
admits is in the summer months the Operetten of the seaworthy plays specified annually on a sea-stage Mörbisch. In the quarry of pc. Margarethen are specified alternating operas and passion plays.And in Parndorf layman actors specify each July and August Shakespeare of pieces. When has itself the Cselly mill with Oslip established alternative cultural center, here readings , Kabaretts and Pop to skirt find - concerts their platform.
traffic
person navigation
private navigation
the prohibition of motorboats and the frequent wind contributed to the fact that the new settler lake is today a Dorado for all kinds of wind-driven kinds of water haven. During the entire season, from April to Septembers, countless find Raincorrode and something similar apply and framework meetings instead of. Segler and Windsurfer organized themselves in associations and clubs and to carry substantially to cultural variety the region. The sportsmen have to make certain however learned that the yachts, boats and Surfbrett - Finns not too deeplyare enough - a depth over 50 cm is not to be here usually used.
As lake on the area of the States of Austria and Hungary also a border crossing on the water is possible. One announces the border crossing then to the Austrian-Hungarian border post in the port of Fertőrákos.
The southeastPart the lake, which is to silver lake, partly on Austrian and Hungarian national territory and may enter as full protected area and preservation zone neither nor will drive on.
sea-bridge
end of the 1960er years became from the Republic of Austria with the planning of a road bridge over the lakebegun, so that the sea-angle is tied up better to remaining Austria. Illmitz should be connected with Mörbisch. Main argument was the guarantee of rescue transportation in emergency from each place in Austria out up to the next hospital within a certain time limit. This could for the southern Sea-angle not to be ensured.
The project released however strong protests under Naturschützern, these protests continued to bring the nature protection movement in rolling, to which today the national park is to be owed. Also the problem with the rescue transportation could be meanwhile solved, today is ÖAMTC - emergency surgeon helicopters in the use.
course
one
arrives to accessibility [ work on] by railway after Neusiedl at the lake. In the east of the new settler lake the new settlers sea-course of Neusiedl at the lake runs after Fertőszentmiklós and in the west the ÖBB distance of Neusiedl at the lake after iron city.
road
from Vienna is attainable the lake over the A4 (east motorway) or the B10 (Brucker road), and by the west over the S4 (matte citizen motorway), S31 (castle country motorway) and B50 (castle country road) of the a2 (south motorway) coming. On Hungarian side one reaches the lake by means of the federal highway 85 of Sopron (desert castle) or Győr. Border crossings are nickel village, Pamhagen or blade brook.
literature
- V. Schiefermeyer, the environment new settlers of the lakeand its peripheral areas, 1989
- V. Sebauer, R. Vesely and W. Weisgram, the new settler lake, 1994, ISBN 3854391269
- Ewald nephew, Steiri publishing house company, national park new settler lake - sea-angles, 2003, ISBN 390032364X
- Andreas's Fischer nail, the new settler lake. Threatened Naturparadies, 1987, ISBN 3891550391
- Otto king, Verl. f. Youth and. People, leader approximately around the new settler lake, 1964, ISBN B0000BKBT2
Web on the left of
general
- entry over „new settler lake “ in the Austria encyclopedia of AEIOU
- national park new settler lake - sea-angle
- chronicle new settler lake, early history to modern trend
- national sail federation castle countrySails at the sea of the Viennese
- bird observation the new settler lake as Vogelparadies
- world inheritance new settler lake
- Fertő Hanság Nemzeti park
- map of the different protected areas
water level
- current water level at the new settler lake + & weather initiative
- water level new settler lake information
- of the ÖVP information
- of the SPÖ Burgenländi
- national sail federation Web-came
events
- ISAF world championships in sails and Windsurfen 2006
- PWA world championships in the Windsurfen 2006
Semapedia
old part of town of Salzburg | Lock Schönbrunn and garden | Resounding place, roof stone & salt chamber property | Semmeringbahn | Old part of town of Graz | Old part of town of Vienna | Wachau | Culture landscape new settler lake |
| This article was taken up to the list of the articles worth reading. |
Coordinates: 47° 49 ' 4 " N, 16° 44 ' 55 " O
