Post office

This article is concerned with the post office as feeder. For the abbreviation of the same name from the computer engineering see under Power on Self test.
Ein Briefkasten der Deutschen Post.
Mail box the German post office.
Mail boxes in Canada

Those Post office a mechanism is, those for the transport of and and Urkundgeschaeften made.

Most post office organizations are member in .

Table of contents

The term

Leipziger Post- und Ordinar-Zeitung aus dem Jahre 1689
Leipziger post office and Ordinar newspaper from the year 1689

The German word Post office became in that (poste) and that (posta) takes. It originally designated the location for the change of set up run messengers or horses.

The term post office is used nowadays for different things. It serves as edited version for that Post office and/or. those Post office branch or Post office agency, as well as for one Mail and for each kind of more received .

The term is used also for modes of conveyance of all kinds. So can be differentiated after

Also into that of the was the word Post office, like the example that Leipziger post office and Ordinar newspaper shows.

The history of the post office

The post office in that Antique ones

The beginning in Egypt and Babylonien

The history of the post office is closely with history that connected. Already early in that one can find the first beginnings of an arranged intelligence service. These served however mainly for national political purposes. The intelligence services became first usually out operated and were not not to the public at the disposal. One finds the first beginnings of such intelligence services in and . These were particularly pronounced in old Egypt, which can be called cradle of the today's postal service.

The old-Egyptian postal service developed particularly on numerous foot messengers. Also was them already for a long time the possibility for the installation of Letter pigeons to the mailing admits. The Egyptian could owing to their many foot messengers problem-free the contact with far remote provinces maintain. The foot messengers had to be able to put very far distances back in as short an expenditure of time as possible.

That knew large information on the postal service in the old person Egypt Hibe papyrus give. This post office-historically valuable document originates approximately from the year 255 v. Chr.. It concerns thereby a kind kontrollbuch of a postman, into which each distribution was confirmed by mails by the receiver. It describes details over the mailing at that time, the mails, the addressees and the receivers. The translation of the beginning reads about:

"to 16. N handed over. N. the Alexandros six pieces: to the king Ptolemaeus a letter package, to Ministers of Finance Apollomios one letter package as well as two letters, which are tied up to the letter package, at the Kreter Antiochus a letter package, at Mendoros a letter package, at Chelos a letter package combines with the others. Alexandros handed the things to the Nikodemus over to 17. ... «

This successful post office system became soon from others copied.

Greece and Roman realm

Emperor Augustus

In could zerstrittenen due to the countless with one another no own postal service develop. There were only some foot messengers for the delivery by messages was used. These prove faster than messengers too Horse due to the geographical condition of Greece. These day runners became Hemerodrome called.

The most famous of these messengers is without a doubt Pheidippides, that after the excessive quantity 490 v. Chr. the victory message from that Battle with Marathon after brought and at exhaustion on that Areopag deceased. This run should as the first history. Pheidippides brought however only a verbal message.

The foundation-stones for own state post office in became of Julius Caeser put. The Roman this developed considerably. It became at that time cursus publicus called and was subordinate directly to the emperor. Cursus publicus was not certified for private transmissions. The mails became as far as possible with that carries. Ashore one availed oneself the horse. In distances from approximately 7 to 14 km for this stations for a horse change were furnished. With the decay of the WestRoman realm disappeared also cursus publicus. In EastRoman realm it still held itself as realm post office to approximately .

Other advanced cultures

In Persia became of King Kyros II. (550 - 529 v. Chr.) an own postal service furnished. The message conveyance found mainly by mounted Messenger instead of. There are however different recordings, which state that there was already much in former times a post office system. Nothing the defiance left Kyros II. own post office stations in regular intervals on the most important traffic routes furnish. These were approximately a horse day's journey distant and served the messengers as stopovers.

Also in China one began already early with the establishment of its own postal service. The foundation-stone became during the Tschou dynasty (1122 - 256 v. Chr.) put. Been subordinate at this time the postdirektion 80 messengers as well as 8 main couriers, for which in the distance from approximately 5 km food supply accomodation was furnished and in larger distances of overnight accomodation accomodation. This post office system became during the time of the Qin dynasty (221 - 207 v. Chr.) and particularly during the Han dynasty crucially developed.

Also during the bloom time that arranged Franz of taxis on veranlassung of a first regular postverbindung between and . In has itself particularly around the national and international postal service earns made.

Development off Europe

At the decay of the westRoman realm it succeeded that a last mark a world realm. This extended itself of Persia until . The postverbindungen already existing were fully developed during this time. A well organized postal service developed. The post office couriers received a special marking, so that these were to be recognized from far to. Them a Taefelchen, which served as document of identification, was hung by means of a yellow Schaerpe around the neck, so that this hung over the shoulder down.

Also that it succeeded to 13 during ihrerer bloom time between that. and 16. To furnish century an probably-organized messenger system. For the messengers, that Chasqui, in regular intervals from 3 to 5 km at the most important roads of the realm post office houses (Tambos) were furnished. Before the little house waiting always two messengers on their employment. Erspaehten it another messenger in the distance, then hurried them this against and removed from him the messages which can be brought. When particularly important or hasty reports the approaching messengers became additionally apparent by a snail trumpet.

The post office enterprises today

Situation in Germany

those became denationalizes and into the three sections German post office AG, German Telekom AG and German postal bank AG divided.

Beside the formerly national post office enterprises there is also private Postdienstleister. Usually it acts thereby over Subsidiary company of Newspaper publishers, already over a good by their Zeitungszusteller in their spreading order.

In is that commercial Offer from postal service achievements everyone permitted (Basic Law Kind. 87f Abs. 2) Only for briefsendungen up to 1000 gram one becomes that Adjustment authority for telecommunications and post office needed.

Who without this license becomes active, one commits Irregularity, with one Fine up to 1 million euro to be punished can.

Postal services and logistics services

Straight one in the result of the post office reforms of the last decades places itself the question, which differentiates the postal service from the industry of the remaining transportation and logistics services. In principle it acts with the postal service around a highly specialized form of the goods transport with certain characteristics. The most important characteristic is the offer of "public post office traffic services", which are often furnished on national veranlassung - similarly as the remaining branches of public traffic. Within the post office range these services become as reason -, universal or basis services designates. That letters are collected in regular intervals of a postal service -, whether one transmission or one thousand transmissions is in the box, a plakatives example is independent, in order to differentiate the postal service from other logistics and forwarding business services to.

See also

Web on the left of

Web on the left of to the name

Other one Web on the left of

 

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