Psilocybin
| Structural formula | |
|---|---|
| |
| general | |
| name | Psilocybin |
| other names | O-Phosphoryl-4-Hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamin trivial names: CY-39, Indocybin |
| sum formula | C 12 H 17 N 2 O 4 P |
| CAS number | 520-52-5 |
| SMILES | C [N+] (C) ([H]) CCC1=CNC2= C1C (OI ([o]) (O) =O) =CC=C2 |
| short description | white crystals |
| characteristics | |
| mol mass | 284.2 g mol |
| state of aggregation | firmly |
| density | ? g/cm ³ |
| melting point | ? °C |
| boiling point | -- |
| Solubility | well in water, methanol in ionized form insolubly in chloroform |
| of safety references | |
| of Gefahrensymbole | |
 T poisonous | |
| R and S-sentences |
of R: ? |
| MAK | ? |
| LD 50 (humans) | 100 mg/kg |
| as far as possible and common, become SI-UNITs uses. If not differently notes, the indicated data apply with standard conditions. | |
Psilocybin belongs to the group of the alkaloids. It comes in different mushrooms, e.g. in some kinds of the kind Psilocybe (P. azurescens, P. cubensis, P. cyanescens, P. mexicana, among other things) forwards,which are marked landläufig as charm mushrooms or Magic Mushrooms and in so-called Smart Shops are acquired, in appropriate areas collected and meanwhile already with uncomplicated Zuchtuntensilien, which over Smart Shops are available likewise, to be simply cultivated to be able. Because of the halluzinogenen effect its hydrolysis- Product Psilocin is often used it as Rauschmittel. The consequences of a consumption resemble a LSD - intoxication, are however usually more briefly and less intensive.
Psilocybinhaltige of mushrooms became in indianischen cultures like the Aztecs ritual ceremonies verzehrt. In the year 1957 the US-Ethnologe made smelling pool of broadcasting corporationsGordon Wasson by its article “Magic Mushrooms” the mushrooms in the west admits.
Table of contents |
effect
the results begin approx. 10 - 120 minutes after the income (hangs ofStomach contents and from the active substance dose. Usually after approximately. 45 minutes) and persist four to five hours. Most consumers, which consider the set and Setting coined/shaped by Timothy Leary, report of raised, mirror-image-ritual experiences during the intoxication. The consumption can however also tooa negative experience will, if consumers experience „Horrortrips so mentioned “, in which they are confronted with disturbing hallucinations and traumatisierende fear experiences to possibly have.
Heavy physical side effects are not to be feared. Halluzinogene can release a Psychose (Drogenpsychose). The risk of an occurrence of Flashbacks becamealready recognized, however stands a scientific - respectively psychological - explanation for this phenomenon still out.
The relationship from effect dose to deadly dose lies apart compared with other drugs far. If the Psilocybin was consumed in the form of fresh psilocybinhaltigen mushrooms, would lie the dose fora deadly poisoning with approximately 1 kg of mushrooms/1 kg body weight. This is because of the fact that the concentration of Psilocybin constitutes only a small percentage to the Gesamzmasse of the mushroom, whereby the content is subjected to innerartlich natural fluctuations. The fresh mushroom contains much water andloses with drying up to 90% in weight. In addition, in dried mushrooms the quantity of Psilocybin with 0,1% to 2% of the total weight is still comparatively small.
See also: Psilocybin syndrome during mushroom poisoning
combination with Monoaminooxidase Hemmern
the effect can extend with a simultaneous income with Monoaminooxidase Hemmern and intensify. These block the Monoaminooxidase, which diminishes organic amines (via oxidative Desaminierung). In combination with Mao Hemmern duration and intensity of a Pilztrips can be extended. However this saves a large risk, there the body during theseTime any more in the situation is not amines (possible.To diminish Serotonin syndrome).
chemical characteristic data
Psilocybin is a zwitterion. In the body Psilocybin is transferred of a group of phosphates by splitting off in Psilocin. The chemical substance Psilocybin (4-Phosphoryloxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamin) and its close related Psilocin (4-Hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamin) and Baeocystin (a substance, which supports the effect of the two different) are responsible for the typical intoxication conditions under Psilocybe and Inocybepilzen. Psilocybin is a Tryptamin and is derived from the Indol . Therefore it can be also proven like Indol by means of Ehrlich reagent or Metol.
Rechtslage
Deutschland
Mit der Vierten Betäubungsmittel-Gleichstellungsverordnung (4. BtMGlV) of 21. February 1967, into force stepped to 25. February 1967, Psilocybin and Psilocin in the Federal Republic of Germany were subordinated to the beta-exercise-centrallegal regulations of the Opiumgesetzes. Today Psilocybin and Psilocin are in plant I too§ 1 BtMG (not negotiable and not use upable materials) listed, i.e., any handling (with exception of the consumption) these substances is generally forbidden for the public.
However there are straight efforts to change over over European Union eU-Handels and food right to the fact that fresh mushroom is further negotiable. There fresh mushroomin the Netherlands a tax number has, and your-genuinly over federal state law, is theoretically load-carrying this stands. Further in addition will show the future.
literature
- yokes Gartz: Fool sponges. Psychoaktive of mushrooms approximately around the world., Night shade publishing house, Solothurn 1999, ISBN 3907080548
- yokes Gartz: Magic mushrooms aroundthe world., READ, Los Angeles 1996, ISBN 0965339904
- Paul Stamets: Psilocybinpilze of the world, RK publishing house 1999, ISBN 3855026076
- Adam God-dear, Larry Todd: The Psilocybin Producer's Guide, Ronin Publishing (APPROX.) 1997, ISBN 0914171925
- O. T. Oss, O. N. Oeric: Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Grower's Guide, Quick American Publishing company 1992, ISBN 0932551068
- Felix Hasler, Ulrike Grimberg, Marco A. Benz, Theo Huber, Franz X. Vollenweider: Acute psychological and physiological effects OF psilocybin in healthy humans: A double-blindly, placebo control LED box effect study, Psychopharmacology, 172:145 - 156, 2004, [1]
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