Rochlitz

Coat of arms	map
base data
Land of the Federal Republic:	Saxonia
governmental district:	Chemnitz
district:	Mittweida
geographical situation:	Coordinates: 51° 2 ' N, 12° 48 ' O 51° 2 ' N, 12°48 ' O
height:	163 m and. NN
surface:	23.71 km ²
inhabitants:	6.766 (30. September 2005)
Population density:	285 inhabitants for each km ²
postal zip code:	09306
preselection:	03737
Kfz characteristics:	MW
municipality key:	14 1 82 350
city arrangement:	Town center; 6 local parts
address of the city administration:	Market 1 09306 Rochlitz
Website:	www.rochlitz.de
E-Mail address:
Politics
mayor:	Joachim Knappe (FDP)

Rochlitz (altsorbischer name Rochelinzi) is well-known “large district town “at the hollow in the Land of the Federal Republic Saxonia,by the Rochlitzer mountain and and the diminished Rochlitzer Porphyr lining up there. By the century flood in August 2002 the city was strongly concerned.

Table of contents 1 geography 1,1 neighbour municipalities 1,2 city arrangement 2 history the 2,1 Middle Ages 2,2 early modern times 2,3 19.and 20. Century 3 politics 4 culture and objects of interest of 4,1 buildings 4,2 sport 4,3 spare time 5 economics and infrastructure 5,1 traffic 5,2 public mechanisms 5,3 education 6 personalities of 6,1 sons and daughters of the city 6,2 further personalities 7 literature 8 Weblinks

Geographie

Die Stadt liegt am Rochlitzer Berg.

neighbour municipalities

adjacent municipalities are (in the clockwise direction) Zettlitz, Seelitz, change castle and king field.

city arrangement

of local parts are width fount, Nosswitz, Penna, Stöbnig, joke gene villageand Zassnitz.

history

the Middle Ages

already in means slawischer time, i.e. in 9. to 10. Century, existed in the today's city several village settlements. Probably at the end of the 11. Century developed underneath the castleand the eastern Suburbiums with the Petrikirche a market and a buyer settlement in the area of the today's Mühlplatz with the “high house”, which surely stands with the situation at the Zassnitzer ford by the hollow in connection. Still in 19. Century becamethis range as a “old person city” designates. Likewise in the 11. Century was put on the realm castle supplying restaurant yard in the northern part of the today's city with the castle barrier “Kessling” in Rochlitz Poppitz, which was shifted later after king field.

Around 1200 became under count Dedo V. the Feisten or one of his sons Dietrich (1190-1207) and Konrad (1207-1210), possibly also only under Mark count Dietrich von Meissen (starting from 1210) the right city Rochlitz with the town church pc. Kunigunde based. The city plant lifts itself in particular by its elongatedRoad market out, which possesses an analogy in the nearby Geithain. Archaeological excavations and received Roman remainders like the windows at the west tower latch plate of the Kunigundenkirche make statements to their building of origins, for a transversehouseless short possible basilika the same time position. Despite their central situation at the lowerMarket end functioned up to the reformation the older, specially muros (outside of the city attachment) convenient pc. - Petrikirche likewise than parish church for the western parts of the city. When city archaeological investigations finds became from late 12 in the area around the Kunigundenkirche./fr ühen 13. Centurydetermined, while those were obviously only cultivated far areas lain west with some temporal delay.

A Stadtmauer surrounded Rochlitz only probably only in late 13. Century, before apparent only barrier, ditch and Gebück existed. 1288 becomethen the wall on the occasion of a partial collapse for the first time mentioned. The city Rochlitz is firstmentioned only 1336, the advice 1360. The earliest provable seal of the city with the transcription sigillum civitatis rochlizensis hangs on a document of 1364. 1367-73took place the renewal of the Stadtmauer and/or the establishment of the outside Stadtmauer. 1379 ago the advice acquired the low jurisdiction. 1380 received the city bleach privilege and it second of country bleach beside Chemnitz furnished. 1430 fell those Hussiten in the city Rochlitz. In 15. Century experienced the city a bloom time. 1464 took place the acquisition of the upper jurisdiction and the extension of the Weichbildes. In the late gothic the well-informed and church of 1417-1476 became including Roman built volumes in the westagain builds. The two ceramic(s) figures of Heinrich II. and Kunigunde originate from the time around 1476, on the inside show the church equipment early 16. Century. (Carve altar of 1513). For the time around 1500 becomesa number of approximately 2000 inhabitants accepted.

early modern times

1537 were introduced to Rochlitz by duchess Elizabeth the reformation. 1534 had been already put on the “old person” cemetery with leg house in the range of the today's Clemens Pfau place. 1538 became upthat left open Kunigunden cemetery begun with the building of a latin school (1876 broken off, today buildings of the library), which was already converted 1595 with means Sophies again.1563 associated still another new building of the hospital church (holy spirit church) with the ensemble in addition (abort 1904). Inthe first half 16. Century developed also those east the today's market and for the city hall convenient “central line”, probably in place of wooden Krambuden, which meant a substantial reduction of the former Untermarktes. To 2. March 1547 found before the gates of the citythe battle of the Protestant armed forces before the destroying defeat in the battle with Mühlberg, united by Rochlitz in the Schmalkaldi war instead of, the most important military success.

In the dreissigjährigen war city and lock were besieged several times and taken. In addition those becameCity 1632 of a city fire afflicted. A further large city fire met the citizens already again 1681. At the following reconstruction the roofridge turning took place to traufseitigen houses. Starting from 1682 Rochlitz garrison town of an infantry was - unit. 1691 stayed the Wundand optician Johann Andreas's iron beard (1663-1727) in Rochlitz. From the year 1688 /89 originates the three-tower front of the Kunigundenkirche, the baroque porch 1709 was added and accommodated themselves the Kunigundenbibliothek the first public library of the city. In the center of the 18. Century Rochlitz was attached to the developing Saxonian post office system. Of it do two Distanzsäulen of 1723 ( 1820 renewed) witness, starting from 1734 (1743?) existed a post office and a regular Postverkehr. 1769 were justified in Rochlitz a Woll manufaktur.

19. and20. Century

a further city fire raged 1802, the reconstruction of the city changed the picture strongly. From this time above all the community centres at the market and the tower of the Kunigundenkirche originate (1804). He found his conclusion with the new building of theCity hall 1826 - 1828. 1816 were built a first stone bridge over the hollow, starting from 1830 began the abort of the city attachments. 1834 were issued a general city order. The period of promoterism meant also for Rochlitz a substantial upswing and a considerable enlargementthe city. To call are here:1872 connection at the Eisenbahnnetz, 1874 -76 new building of the “1. Citizen school “(hollow school), 1885 abort “of the powder tower”, urban extensions starting from 1889 toward station, plant of the Bismarck route, 1889 /90 building “of the imperial hauptpost andOffice for telegraph ", 1895 “royal-Saxonian of the teacher min acre”, 1897 of the war memorial on the Topfmarkt (until 1942), etc. In the “golden Zwanzigern” starting from 1922 the small housing estate (“garden city “) with the road was set “on the beginning” and 1922/23 a second Rochlitzer gas works at the monk angleestablished. A special object of interest represents the market well, the 1929 of the well-known Dresden sculptor Professor.George Wrba (1872-1939) created is.

In the “third realm” the national socialists could seize 1934 already promptly in the town councillor Fuss and the non-party mayor Dr.Rudolf gentleman man with the help of a political plot set off. Already 1933 became Adolf Hitler and Paul von Hindenburg honour citizen of the city. 1933/34 were established the today's hollow bridge and designated after the realm governor Martin Mutschmann. 1936 one celebrated the “celebration of the landscapeRochlitz - 1000 years German ". The pedantic title betrays that it concerns thereby a historical Konstrukt. Actual cause was however less the historical event fetched very far - the Rochlitzer area was at the latest under that the 936 deceased kingHeinrich I. under German rule turn out - as concrete economic reasons, above all the promotion of the tourism. The initiative in addition is however not of the National Socialist ruling powers, but of the chairman of the Rochlitzer of historical association and honorary director/conductor of the museum, a secondary school teacherDr. Albert Bernstein, gone out. Starting from 1938 also the armaments industry introduction in the city held, and probably of 19 with the “mechanics GmbH”. September 1944 to 28. March 1945 became here KZ-Nebenlager as “external command Rochlitz (Saxonia)” of the KZ fin-vouches with approximately600 arrested Jewish women operated.

Release from the national socialism experienced the city to 14. April 1945 by the 6. Armored division of the US-Army. The hollow formed the demarcation line up to the retreat of the Americans (operation Goodbye) and the introductionthe Red Army to 22. June 1945. In the GDR - time experienced Rochlitz a considerable increase of the number of inhabitants and propagation into the surrounding countryside by the establishment of the populated areas “to peace-hits a corner” (“star settlement”) 1955-61, “at the rainbow” 1960-65, “William Pieck road” 1977/78 and “at the calibration mountain”starting from 1982/83 in Poppitz (in the population spöttisch “Golanhöhen “mentioned in allusion on the political conflicts in the Near East at present their establishment). The majority of the population worked in the three large-scale enterprises VEB of electrical switchgears Rochlitz (1952-1991), VEB starRadio Rochlitz and VEB Orsta hydraulics.

politics

Rochlitz are seat of the central administrative body Rochlitz with king field, Seelitz and Zettlitz.

culture and objects of interest

of buildings

• lock Rochlitz
• pc. Petri and Kunigundenkirche
• Rochlitzer mountain

sport

• “father Jahn stadium” of the BSC engine Rochlitz
• VfA Rochlitzer mountain
• carat DO Rochlitz
• urban open-rir swimming pool
• fishing rod sport association Rochlitz registered association.

spare time

• open youth club scene Rochlitz

economics and infrastructure

traffic

Rochlitz is a secondary line knot with distances after Grossbothen in the north and Glauchau in the southwest (hollow valley course), after forest home in the east, after Chemnitz in the south and after Narsdorf in the west. But meanwhile the passenger traffic was stopped on all distances (afterForest home 1997, after Chemnitz 1998, after Grossbothen 1999, after Narsdorf 2000, after Glauchau 2001). The next stations, which are still served, are Geithain and Narsdorf at the main course Leipzig Chemnitz.

In Rochlitz the federal highway 7 begins after Gera. In additionrun by Rochlitz the federal highways 107 Chemnitz - Grimma and 175 Zwickau - Döbeln.

public mechanisms

• hospital
• labour office

education

• Johann Mathesius High School Rochlitz
• school at the hollow
• occupation school center Rochlitz

personalities

Sons and daughters of the city

• Johannes Mathesius (1504-1565), theologian
• Clemens Pfau (1862-1946), natural scientist
• George Gelbke (1882-1947), painters with main effective range in East Prussia.
• Manfred Börner (1929-1996), Professor. Dr. rer.nat, to chair for electro-technology to DO Munich
• Friedrich Kittler (* 1943),Literature scientist and medium theoretician

further personalities

• Michael Lohr (* 1591 in Marienberg, † 1654 in Dresden), composer, were temporarily than Kantor in Rochlitz active.

literature

• Matthias Donath, Rochlitz. Kunigundenkirche and Petrikirche. Large architectural monuments526 (Munich, Berlin 1998).
• Volkmar Geupel, further one city-archaeological investigations in Rochlitz. Archaeology up-to-date in the Free State Saxonia 4, 1996, 231-235.
• Volkmar Geupel, between Rochlitz and change castle. In: Leipzig and its surrounding countryside. Archaeology between Elster and hollow. Leader too arch. Monuments inGermany 32 (Stuttgart 1996) 208-222, ISBN 3-8062-1272-4.
• 1000 years Rochlitz. Anniversary publication (Beucha 1995), ISBN 3-930076-16-0.
• Udo tree brook, the street names of the city Rochlitz. An encyclopedia to the urban history (Beucha 1994), ISBN 3-930076-06-3.

Web on the left of

• http://www.rochlitz.de/