Rotwelsch
Rotwelsch (or Gaunersprache) is a comprehensive term for secret languages or Soziolekte of social fringe groups on basis of the German, as they were common particularly in former times with vagrants , driving craftsmen and other representatives the “classes dangereuses”. To the reasons for the use Rotwel belongs,to give oneself to recognize as a member of a group the other members, communication between the members against outstanding ones to shield in particular against the national authority as well as at groups, which consist of speakers of different linguistic origin, the communication in for the common practise of the profession orTo secure life practice important affairs by the adherence to an agreed upon code with relatively specified meanings.
The education of the rotwelschen Soziolekte is based lexically on borrowing from dialect variants and other Soziolekten of the German, from the Hebrew one and Jiddi, from the Romani and from neighbour languages of theGerman, furthermore on meaning transmission and meaning shift, education of new Komposita, Affigierung, Suffigierung and permutation (among other things Verlan, Kedelkloppersprook).
Today one still hears Rotwelsch with traveler craftsmen as well as with the vagrants, Berbern and beggars. Also in some Frankish and Swabian municipalities, where driving peoplewas settled, exists still many terms from the vocabulary Rotwel, so for example in Schilling prince and tuft hole (Franconia).
Many rotwelsche terms found entrance into the colloquial language.
To the Gaunersprache tine belongs in certain sense also .
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examples
- ankobern -> put on
- baldowern -> investigate
- fechten -> to beg
- Hoch -> Hühnerfrikassee
- Kachnitrümmer -> boss
- Krauter -> (small) of a handicraft enterprise waistcoat
- Kreuzspinne -> on
- Platte machen -> the road to live elegantly, in the free nächtigen
- Puhler -> policeman (origin of the term “bull”)
- schenigeln -> work
- Schleimige Kermies -> earthworm
- Schokelmei -> coffee
- Stachelingo -> hedgehog
- Stapeln -> begging
- Stenz -> moving stick a Handwerksbur
- wo der Bartl de Most herholt -> explanation possibility results initself from it that the two words “Bartl” and “Most” could be also distortions, two Hebrew words, which arrived over Rotwel into German. “Bartl” would be then verfremdet from “Barsel” derived - which is called actually iron, in addition, in the Biblical Hebrew already iron devices howPans or weapons or tools to designate knows. In this case it would be probably the crash tow bar, because “Most” would have developed - after this explanation - Hebrew “Moos”, that means money. Thus “where one with the crash tow bar at money comes”.
- Wolkenschieber -> Bar beer
other Gaunersprachen
literature
- Roland Girtler: Rotwelsch. Böhlau, Vienna 1998, ISBN 3-205-98902-3
- Friedrich intelligent ones: Rotwel source book (“Rotwelsch. Sources and vocabulary of the Gaunersprache and the related secret languages "; Bd. 1; more did not appear). DeGruyter, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-11-010783-X(Repr. D. Expenditure. Strasbourg 1901.
- Günter Puchner: Customer sound. The Gekasper of the Kirschenpflücker in the winter. Dtv, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-423-01192-0
- Klaus they value (Hrsg.): Rotwelsch dialects. Symposium Münster 10. - 12. March 1995. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1996, ISBN 3-447-03788-1
- Siegfried A. Wolf: Dictionary Rotwel. German Gaunersprache. Buske,Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-87118-736-4
see also
| Wiktionary: rotwelsch - word origin, synonyms and translations |
Lottegorisch (Carl mountain), Manisch, Masematte (Münster), mat English, Sintitikes, Töddensprache, prison jargon, Hundeshagen (Kochum)
