Sword
of the swords (of Hungarian: szablya) light blow is - and pass weapon.
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military sword
the military sword has one Blade, which is polished at a side only, in addition, in many cases is sharpened the blade back on the first 10-30 cm from the point (Schör), to obtain around with the Rückhandschlag effect and the impact characteristics tooimprove. In few cases a triangle became polished, in order to obtain additionally still another tearing effect into this cut. The blade is differently strongly curved depending upon preference of the owner (see below). Swords were used primarily of the easy Kavallerie, lighter models17 came toward end. Century (z. B. Bavarian infantry under max II. Emanuel) also at the infantry in “mode”. But already soon many armies turned into to again only use the bayonet. The short infantry swords remained howeverwith the infantry, in some states, e.g. in Prussia, also generally as status symbols in use. In addition by the officers of the Tirailleure soon longer, were carried finer swords while the remaining officers remained usually with the sword.
The sword comes originalfrom the Indo Persian area. The word sword comes from the Hungarian Szablya, which comes Alani. The sword became original v.a. in Asia and North Africa, in addition, assigned in Eastern Europe. For piercing arms it is more badly suitable thanthe straight sword, but generally only relatively easy arms could be developed up to the high Middle Ages, why this disadvantage of the Muslims became balanced at present the crusades by the more progressive blade production of the Orients. Durch die Krümmung der Klinge entstanden deutlich größere- Presupposed, one sufficient exercise had wounds as with straight blade, otherwise one usually hardly caused damage. In addition it was no matter with an accordingly curved sword, if one met the opponent with the center section of the blade, with straight swords or swords should one it however with the front part meet, in order to cause sufficient damage. Therefore a long, straight blade is rather hinderlich in the hand mixture on closest area - at least for the average fighter -. In Western Europe was the meaning of theSword however first small, changed however, as to beginning 18. Century Hussars were used for the first time in the larger style.
Depending upon curvature of the blade the sword is also as pass weapon suitably, with increasing curvature then only as Hiebwaffe, whereby the pass has a clear range and above all opposite the blow accuracy advantage. So large, however wounds usually deeper but cannot be produced. The sword became v.a. of the easy Kavallerie (Ulanen, Hussar, Kosaken) used, major task was clearing-up and quick assaults on the supply. The heavy Kavalleristen, which (Kürassiere) were and usually also the Dragoons, armed with the Pallasch.
The original, “eastern” sword is strongly curved and very muchbroadly and therefore as pass weapon rather unsuitable - in contrast to it first only the Schaschka of the Kosaken as well as the various “models” the Japanese Samurai , these wise in addition both rise a particularly simple container (=Griff). In 18. Century wentone also in Europe to somewhat narrower blade over, in 19. Century emerged more easily curved models, which were used later also by many heavy Kavallerieeinheiten.
The Handschutz can vary strongly, from the basket, which encloses the hand completely, over simpleHandle up to the original, rudimentary Parierstange (à la Mamelucke). The length lies usually between 70 and 100 cm, the weight is enough from 700 to 1400 gram.
Today swords are only carried at different armies to representative causes.
Academic sword
the academic sword is beside basket racquets and bell racquets one of the three student Fechtwaffen. It differs from the basket racquet in the blade and in the basket. The sword blade is more heavily, curvedand a blood gutter possesses. The basket possesses a Klingenfänger at the blow sheet. The academic sword is not a duel weapon and therefore today in Germany any more is not used. In Austria the Säbelmensur, theoretically, becomes as Contrage after “personal offense” quite, despite that, nor practices to legal situation.
The emergence of the student sword goes on the center 19. Century back. In this time developed student fencing with the basket and/or. Bell racquet away of the duel to the Mensur in the today's sense. Fordelivering of honour disputes was then developed starting from the 1840er years from the military sword the student sword, which was into the time of the third realm used.
After the prohibition of the student connections by the national socialists also that becamestudent duel with the sword and the pistol repeated expressly forbade, last by personal instruction Adolf Hitler in the year 1940. To reestablishment of the student federations into the 1950er years came also the discussion over the regularity of student fencing on thoseAgenda (see in addition: Göttinger Mensurenprozess). Thereupon representatives of the determining federations of striking student connections confirmed with a meeting with Federal President Theodor Heuss that in German student connections honour disputes no more would not be delivered with the weapon. That was thatEnd of the academic sword and the student duel in Germany.
sword for the sport
of the swords for the sport fencing is at the most 105 cm long. It may weigh maximally 500 gram, is however mostly substantially easier. It has onestraight blade with more suggested (blunter) Vorschneide. The sword has a bell, which protects the palm. Differently than with the sword and with the Florett he has a handle, which protects the hand from blows. In addition also the grasp of the sword differsof that of the Floretts and the sword. It does not have recesses for the fingers and can be kept arbitrary.
see also
| Wiktionary: Sword - word origin, synonyms and translations |
