Syrakus

Siracusa (Syrakus)
State of	Italy
region	Sicily
province	Syrakus (SR)
geographical location	of 37°05' N 15°17' O
height	of 17 m and. NN
surface	204 km ²
inhabitant	123,093 (2005)
population density	603 Einwohner/km ²
postal zip code	96100
preselection	0931
ISTAT - code	089017
name of the inhabitants	Siracusani
protection patron	Santa Lucia
Website	comune.siracusa

the city Syrakus (Italian: Siracusa, about 125,000 inhabitants) is located at the east coast Siziliens (Italy).

Table of contents 1 geography 2 history of 2,1 rulers 3 objects of interest 3,1 old part of town 3,2 new city 3,3 Parco Archeologico della Neapoli 3,4 away Euryelos 4 personalities of 4,1 sonsand daughters of the city 5 literature 6 Web on the left of

geography

Syrakus Siziliens is at the southeast coast. Here live 123,093 inhabitants (conditions to 30. April 2005). The town center lies on the island Ortigia (also: Ortygia). Syrakus is capital of the province Syrakus.

The local parts are: Belvedere, Cassibile Fontane Bianche, Isola, Santa Teresa Longarini Scalo and Targia.

The neighbour municipalities are: Avola, Canicattini Bagni, Floridia, Melilli, Noto, Palazzolo Acreide, Priolo Gargallo and Solarino.

history

Syrakus became as planting city Syrakusai (Greek: Συράκουσαι) 734 v. Chr. by Greek settlers from Korinth based, those the area „Sirako “(D. h. Sump) called. The city state became a larger power in the Mediterranean; Ovid writes even from several ports. Received are from the early time stillthe Apollontempel and the Athens temple (today converted to the cathedral). Between 600 and 400 v. Chr. controlled Syrakus large parts of Siziliens, but did not only defeat 474 v. Chr. the Etrusker in the sea-battle before Cumae. Before Syrakus was located already in full cultural bloom: Dramatist how Aischylos, poets as , Bakchylides and Simonides met in Syrakus. In the peloponnesischen war Syrakus could maintain ground against Athens (427-424, 415-413). Against Karthago the army of Syrakus suffered 406 v. Chr. a defeat.

In the first punischen war Syrakus stood itself before,had served of the assistance of the Pyrrhos, on the side of Rome. In the second punischen war however Syrakus on pages Karthagos fought. To Sicilies Syrakus fell, despite which works Archimedes ', to which here its inventions (Archimedean screw and sentence of the lift) arrive, 212 v. Chr.inRoman hand:Syracusae became Roman province capital.

450 plünderten the Vandalen the city and integrated them later with nearly completely Sicily their realm. 535 the city fell to the eastRoman realm. Under emperors Konstans II.became Syrakus from 661 to 668 even its seat of the government,since the city lay strategically favorably to the safety device of the naval supremacy in the entire Mediterranean opposite the Arabs, but the successor of the emperor cancelled this step again and returned to the Bosphorus . The first conquest attempt of the Arabs 728 failed because of breaking out the plague. 878 the city was finally conquered by Arab troops.

ruler

• Gelon of Gela (485 v. Chr.- 478 v. Chr.)
• Hieron I., its brother, (478 v. Chr.- 467/466 v. Chr.)
• Thrasybulos, Hierons son (467/466 v. Chr.- 465 v. Chr.)
• Democracy (465 v. Chr.- 405 v. Chr.)
• Dionysios I. (405 v. Chr.- 367 v. Chr.)
• Dionysios II., its son, (367 v. Chr.- 357 v.Chr.)
• Dion, (357 v. Chr.- 347 v. Chr.)
  • Kalippos, rival (354 v. Chr.- 352 v. Chr.)
  • Hipparinos and Aretaios (rival 352 v. Chr.- 350 v. Chr.)
• Nysaios (350 v. Chr.- 346 v. Chr.)
• Dionysios II., 2. Times, (347 v. Chr.- 344 v. Chr.)
• Timoleon (344 v. Chr.- 337 v. Chr. as Aisymnet)
• oily archie (347 v. Chr.- 317 v. Chr.)
• Agathokles (316 v. Chr.- 289 v. Chr., starting from 304 v. Chr. as a king)
• Iketas (289 v. Chr.- 280 v. Chr.)
• Toinon (280 v. Chr.)
• Sosistratos (280 v. Chr.- 277 v. Chr.)
• epirotische rule (277 v. Chr.- 275 v. Chr.)
• Hieron II. (275 v. Chr.- 215 v. Chr., starting from 260 v. Chr. as a king)
  • Gelon II., Mitregent (240 v. Chr.- 216 v. Chr.)
• Hieronymos (215 v. Chr.- 214 v. Chr.)
• Adranodoros (214 v. Chr.-212 v. Chr.) with
  • Hippokrates, Mitregent, (213 v. Chr.- 212 v. Chr.)
  • Epikydes, Mitregent, (213 v. Chr.- 212 v. Chr.)
• Syrakus taken over of the Roman republic

objects of interest

since 2005 counts Syrakus as well as that Nekropolis from Pantalica to the world inheritance of the UNESCO.

old part of town

• Piazza Archimedes is the center of the city. The place is surrounded by old palaces; in the west the Banca d'Italia, nodöstlich the place of the Palazzo Montalto
• Apollotempel, partiallyagain developed temple from that 6. Century v.Chr.
• Piazza del Duomo, southwest of the Piazza Archimedes. Here the cathedral stands. The cathedral, Santa Maria depression Colonne, became in 7. Century n. Chr. into a temple of the Athene converted. One sees the columns on the insidetoday still. In 17. Century was increased the cathedral and provided with a baroque front.
• Fonte Aretusa, a source of fresh water directly at the sea. The source is converted and with Papyrusstauden bepflanzt with stones.
• Foro Italico, a beautiful city promenade north the source Fonte Aretusa
• Castello Maniace, one ofEmperor Friedrich II. established Stauferfestung from the year 1239 at the south point of the island Ortigia

to new city

• Foro Siracusano

Parco Archeologico della Neapoli

• Anfiteatro, a Roman Amphitheater from that 3. Century n. Chr. It140 m are long and 119 m broad. West of it the enormous altar Hierons IITH, 198 m long, 22 m broad and 10 m highly.
• Latomia del Paradiso, an antique quarry, was in former times a prison
• ear of the Dionysios, a cave gehauene into the rock, approx.64 m deeply. Here the sound increases strongly, and without echo.
• Teatro Greco, the Greek theatre from that 5. Century with a diameter of 138 m (Athens 100 m).
• Katakomben, Catacombe di San Giovanni
• Latomia dei Cappuccini, antique quarries, also as campsserved
• Museo Nuovo Archeologico, an important archaeological museum of Italy with the Venus Landolina and the coffin of the Valerius

away Euryelos

away Euryelos, a fortification from that 4. Century v. Chr. with a beautiful prospect into the country.

personalities

sons and daughters of the city

• Archimedes, Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer
• Giuseppe Gibilisco, Italian athlete
• Hieron II. of Syrakus, Greek ruler
• Philistos, Greek historian
• Salvatore Quasimodo, Italian poet and critic
• Simeon of Trier, Pilgerführer
• Elio Vittorini,Author, Italian literature 20. Century

literature

• Hans Peter drug Mueller: Syrakus. To the topography and history of a Greek city, in: High School, supplement 6 (1969).

Web on the left of

• Syrakus - objects of interest

coordinates: 37°04' N 15°18' O