Theiss
| | of these articles treats the river Theiss. For the Katastralgemeinde in Lower Austria see Theiss (municipality Gedersdorf), for the publishing house see Konrad Theiss publishing house |
Theiss (ung. Tisza, Romanian, Serbian and slowakisch Tisa, lat. as border river Daciens tissue, Tisia or Pathissus) is the largest tributary of the Danube, the second largest river of Hungary and Serbia and (1888) the fish-richest of Europe. After it the endneolitische Theiss culture is designated. With a middle discharge of 813 m ³ /sit is after the save, but before Inn and Drau, the second largest tributary of the Danube.
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river process
in the source area it separates the Romanian district Maramureş from the Ukraine. In the Vojvodina represents the Theiss the border river between the historical regions Banat and Batschka (Bačka, Bácska).
the Theiss develops for the black ones and white Theiss in the Waldkarpaten from the combination, flows at the beginning of southern by close mountain valleys and turns after admission of the Vissó, the Iza, the Taraczko, Talabor and Nagyág west and northwestward over Sziget after Chust (ung. Huszt). To here the Theiss is purely and fast flowing, in the level however creeping and muddily. After it flows then on the right of the Borsova, on the left of the Thur and the Szamos taken up, it from Tschop (ung. Csap) over Tokaj to Szolnok against southwest. There turns it itself southward, which maintains direction it , affecting Csongrád and Szeged, up to the delta into the Danube ( below Novi Sad) in the today's Vojvodina, with which it runs in an average distance of 90 km parallel. The banks are usually flat and due to the frequent inundations swampy. Their width amounts to 160-320 M. It becomes navigable with Sziget, for larger vehicles to the Hernádmündung, for steam boats, which operated in former times to Tokaj, only with Szolnok, of where to it just as large loads as the Danube carries. The Bácser or Franzenskanal connects it with the Danube, the Begakanal with the Temesz.
For a long time one began beside the Theissregulierung also the dewatering of the Ufermoräste and the safety device of the bank area before inundation, by incomplete execution however on the other hand the deeper areas damaged. The run of the Theiss amounts to with the curvatures 1308 km, the direct distance from the source only 467 km; their area covers 146,500 km ². The run is half quite slow-acting the very small downward gradient; from Namény to the delta the water level sinks only around 40 M. Inundations that twice as snap Danube back-ups the Theiss far upward.
In the year 2000 the river was affected by the bay to acre dam failure by a Zyanidunfall.
rights of tributaries
Taraczko, Talabor, Nagyág, Borsova, Bodrog, Sajó (Hernád), to Eger, Zagyva
link tributaries
Vissó, Iza, Szamos, Körös, Marosch, Bega and/or. Begej.
cities at the Theiss
Romania
Ukraine
Hungary
literature
- Hieronymi, the Theissregulierung, Budapest 1888
- Theiss, in: Meyers encyclopedia, 4. Aufl. 1888, Bd. 15, S. 631
