Uganda

Republic of OF Uganda
Republic of Uganda

(detail) (detail)
Wahlspruch: For God and My Country (English. for „for God and my country “)
office language	English
capital	Kampala
system of government	Präsidialrepublik
president	Yoweri Kaguta Museveni
head of the government	Apolo Nsibambi
Surface	241,548 km ²
number of inhabitants	27.269.482 (conditions July 2005)
population density	of 113 inhabitants per km ²
independence	9. October 1962
currency	Uganda Schilling
gros domestic product/inhabitant	327 US-$ (2006)
time belt	UTC +3
national anthem	Oh Uganda, country OF Beauty
Kfz characteristic	EAU
Internet TLD	.ug
preselection	+256

those Republic of Uganda (dt.: [uˈganda]; English: [jʊˈgændə]) lies in East Africa and borders in the north on the Sudan, in the east on Kenya, in the south on Tanzania, in the southwest on Rwanda and in the west on those Democratic Republic of the Congo. The borders to Kenya and Tanzania run partially by the Viktoriasee.

The Kabaka (king) of Buganda was fallen 1966, its tomb (Kasubi Tombs) can be visited. It reminds of independence of theState of British colonial rule.

First associations extend from the fright rule Idi of amine and massacres up to the classification as „bead of Africa “. Admits is also the airport Entebbe by the hostage drama around a kidnapped airplane of the air France („Operation Jonathan “). The south offers itself for tourism, while in the north still one fights.

Table of contents 1 name 2 Geografie 2,1 Flora of 2,2 cities 3 population 3,1 Ethnien 3,2 languages 3,3 religion 4 history 4,1 prehistory 4,2 timethe Kingdoms of 4,3 the colonial age 4,4 Unabhängkeit 4,5 dictatorships and massacre 4,6 effects on today 5 politics 5,1 condition 5,2 parties 5,3 government 6 administrative arrangement 7 economics 7,1 general 7,2 characteristic data 7,3 public expenditures 8 culture 8,1 education of 8,2 writers 8,3 media 8.3.1 newspapers of 8,4 holidays 9 environment 10 literature 11 message 12 Web on the left of

name

the name „Uganda “Buganda comes from the earlier kingdom. Buganda is inhabited of Bantu, their Bantusprachen an etymon (here Ganda) a nominal class prefixplace in front, the type of the meant term designation. Like that le is ganda the country of the Ba ganda, which speak the language Lu ganda. Since the first contact of the Europeans with the peoples of Uganda was made by the coast of Tanzania, that becameName Uganda coined/shaped, which comes of to the language Suaheli, which knows the prefix u instead of the prefix le for a country.

Geografie

Uganda is from lakes, the white Nile (here: Viktoria Nile and Albert Nile), jungles and savannahs coined/shaped. The country becomes in the south of the equator pulled through. The tropical climate in the south and in the center of the country it affects that Uganda to a large extent on a plateau around 1.000 m over the sea levellies. There it is rather rainy. Two drying times (from December to February and then again of June until August) interrupt this stage. The deepest point of Uganda is with 621 m over sea levels the Albert lake. The Margherita peak (also: MountStanley) in the Ruwenzori - mountains as the highest point are 5,110 m highly. Both bend points lie together relatively close. The total area of the country covers 241,038 square kilometers, of it is allotted 199,710 square kilometers to the land surface, while 36,330 square kilometers are water surfaces. The northeast of Uganda is semiarid.

Important raw materials of the country are copper, cobalt, limestone and rock salt. Water power and agriculturally well using soil represent further resources.

Flora

Uganda hasan extremely species-rich plant world. The savannah of East Africa changes into the rain forest of west Africa, which positively affects the diversity of species of the plants and animals. In addition the elevator layerings offer various habitats. Beside acacias and Kandelaber Wolfsmilch in the savannahs come above allin the Ruwenzori mountains and at the Mount Elgon as well as in the jungles fascinating Pflanzengesellschaften forwards.

cities

major items: List of the cities in Uganda

Uganda is, coined/shaped apart from the main and town with millions of inhabitants Kampala, rather by smaller cities. Only Gulu and Lira exceed still the border from 100.000 inhabitants to the large city.

population

Uganda indicates a number of inhabitants of more than 26 million. It was one of the first countries of Africa, which admitted to be affected by AIDS. Earlyclearing-up campaigns used and AIDS compared with other African states are very openly discussed. In Uganda is besides a “AIDS miracle” to have taken place, which points itself in a decrease of the rate that HIV infecting between 20-30% to approximately 6%. Althoughsuccesses of Uganda in the AIDS fight to be hardly denied, a so strong decrease of the infection rate is often doubted. Beyond that a strong decrease of the infection rate can take place only if a great many infected one simply “away-die”. Uganda stands as presenting country in thatAIDS fight under high international success pressure. All data for population should be analyzed therefore under these criteria critically.

Demographic data
life expectancy	45.28 years
life expectancy (men)	43.76 years
life expectancy (women)	46.83 years
infant mortality	8.3%
child number of deaths (2001)	? %
mother number of deaths	? /100,000 Geb.
Physicians	0.05/1,000 Einw.
Hospital beds	? /1,000 Einw.
Entrance to clean drinking water	56%
birth rate (2004)	46.31/1,000 Einw.
Number of deaths (2004)	16.61/1,000 Einw.
Population growth (2004)	2.97%
fertility (2004)	of 6.64 children/woman
Age structure:	0-14 years: 50.6% 15-64 years: 47.1% 65 years and more: 2.4%
average age:	14.8 years
HIV Infektionsrate (2005)	2.2%
HIV/AIDS infecting (2005)	600,000
HIV dead ones (2001)	84,000
write ability and reading after reaching 15. Lebensjahres (2001)	69.9%
publicSpent on health	? % of the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
public one expenditures for old-age pension	? % of the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
public one expenditures for education and education	? % of the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
compulsory schooling	since 1997 UPE (universal Primary Education)
Einschulungsqote (primary)	100% (since abolishment of the school money1996)
First day at school ratio (secondary)	15% (male), 13% (womanlike)
poverty ratio	35% of humans are according to national criteria poor
accepted refugees	184,731 from the Sudan 18.000 from Rwanda 7.459 from the democratic Republic of the Congo in addition refugees from other countries
of inland refugees	1,4 million

Ethnien

Bantuvölker: Baganda 12%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Bakiga 7%, Bagisu 6%, Batoro 4%, Banyoro 3%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 1%,

Niloten: Iteso 8%, Langi 7%, Acholi 5%, Jopodhola 2%, Alur 3%, Karamojong 2%,

Sudan peoples: Lugbara 4%,

Rundi 2%,

Rwanda 7%,

non--African: Asian 0.82%, European 0.095%, Arab 0.066%,

other one: 8 %.

languages

English are the official office language, but in the everyday life Luganda (the language of the Baganda) is often used, for it different languages of the Niger Congo language area as well as nilotisch saharische languages, Suaheli and in small measure of Arab.

religion

round85% of the total population of Uganda are Christians. Of it the predominant number admits itself either to the Roman-catholic or to the anglikanischen church. Over 10% the Ugander are usually Sunni Muslims. About 1% of the population are trailers of traditional African religions. Besides there is a small municipality of Black African Jews, the Abayudaya with Mbale, which covers about 500 members.

The affiliation of the ugandischen population to the different religions looks according to the census 2002 as follows:

Religion	number of 1991	Per cent of 1991	amount of 2002	per cent of 2002
Roman-catholic church	7.426.511	44.5	10.242.594	41.9
Anglikani church	6.541.830	39.2	8.782.821	35.9
Islam	1.758.101	10.5	2.956.121	12.1
Pfingstbewegung	--	--	1.129.647	4.6
seventh tag Adventisten	179,624	1.1	367,972	1.5
orthodox church	4,738	0.0	35,505	0.1
otherschristl. Denominations	101,914	0.6	286,581	1.2
Bahai	--	--	18.614	0.1
others nichtchristl. Religions	658,987	4.0	159,259	0.7
traditional religions	--	--	241.630	1.0
denominationless	--	--	212.388	0.9
altogether	16.671.705	100.0	24.433.132	100.0

source: Uganda office OF statistics (UBOS), [1] (pdf)

history

major item: History of Uganda

prehistory

Uganda belongs to „the cradle of mankind “. The Pygmäen represents probably the oldest today living Ethnien Uganda. Before approximately 2000 years field-cultivating Bantu immigrated, those thosePygmäen back pushed and for their part by Niloten of the north after the south were pushed. Between nilotischen Ethnien and Bantu Ethnien there were again and again conflicts, which go meanwhile however beyond bare Tribalismus.

time of the kingdoms

since that 15.Particularly (partially today of routistic reasons as cultural bodies revived) consisting the aristocracies, above all kingdoms formed century in the south of Uganda with the Bantu. Among them the Kingdom of Buganda had a prominent role. Further kingdoms were Ankole, Bunyoro and Toro.

The nilotischen trunks of the north were Nomaden and Hirtenvölker, which organized themselves in smaller units.

In 19. Century penetrated Arab dealers of the east coast of Africa into the area north the Viktoriasees. Their incentive was greed for ivory and the slave trade. In some areas the Islam was established, in many regions remained however the nature religions prevailing.

around

1860 „“the two British researchers John Hanning Speke and James discovered the colonial ageAugustus Grant the source of the Nile for Europe. At this time the European Kolonialisierung of East Africa began. To the first Europeans, who established themselves in this area, both catholic and Protestant mission acres belonged. In amazingly short time they setin numerous groups of peoples their faith through.

Uganda became British protectorate. The colonial economy promoted the cotton and cultivation of coffee. In addition the railway line Uganda Railway was put.

Unabhängkeit

into the 1950ern came a guided democratization process on, itparties developed and a congress. To 9. October 1962 became Uganda independently (see national holiday). 1962 became Milton Obote the first prime minister independent of the country become. However it began to dissolve the old kingdoms partly in bloody massacres. Thus Obote became alienatedof the population. That used the Idi ascended to the commander (major general) amine, likewise a Nilote: During an absence Obotes he took over 1971 power.

dictatorships and massacre

the dictatorship Idi of amine from 1971 to 1979was responsible for the murder of over 300.000 oppositionals. Belonging one of other races were killed, asiatic immigrants, above all Indian, who were determining in the trade, the country were referred. Amine raged until 1979, the population lived under constant fear of brutal acts of violence.Im April 1979 wurde die Hauptstadt Kampala unter der Führung von tansanischen Truppen von ugandischen Rebellen befreit, unter denen auch der heutige Staatschef Yoweri Museveniwar. But in the elections in September 1980 Milton Obote came to power, howwere accused to him choice manipulations. Thereupon Museveni with a rebel army proceeded against it. The guerrilla war under Milton Obote (1980-1985) cost the life to many further humans.

In January 1986 Musevenis conquered national Resistance Army (NRA) the capital Kampala. Museveni became withoutChoice as a ugandischer president swears in; but only 2006 should come it to a multi-party choice.

effects on today

the north is today not yet befriedet until. The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) operates from the Sudan and terrorizes thosePopulation.

Tutsi, Hutu, Lendu, Hema (Hima), and other ethnical groups, assozierte rebels, armed gangs and different government armed forces operate in the region of the large seas between Uganda, the Congo, Rwanda and Burundi, around control of densely populated areasto attain and economic resources. The danger with the fact is that individual Ethnien dominates the balance of power, and leads this for the rebellion of the disadvantaged ones. Also Uganda mixes together, at present particularly in the democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo war).

Politics

the ugandische government mix authoritarian and democratic elements. Politically effectively at present only Musevenis government party, national the Resistance Movement Organization ( NRM-O) is, short „Movement “. In addition in fact the military has a basic role.

It is the opinion that itin Uganda no basis for a multiple party system gives and that the existing old parties a cause for of Uganda are problems. They were not forbidden, but most activities, which constitute a party, remain malfunctioned for them. Accordingly the Ugander stood for the presidencyand parliamentary elections to 23. February 2006 with mixed feelings opposite, although several lists of candidates could apply for the first time. In the apron of the elections it partly came to unrests, so that many fear a renewed civil war. European Union - Choice observers criticized the election campaign as unfair,because that only at the end of of 2005 from the exile opposition leader Kizza Besigye returned was immediately placed because of alleged Landesverrats before court. Besigye criticized this as politically motivated.

To 25. February announced the central electoral committee that since 1986 governing the Museveni (62),approximately 59% of the voices received, against what Besigye (founder of the democratic forum on 37% would come. The remaining 4-5% distributed themselves on 3 further candidates. The “forum for democratic change” spoke of electoral fraud, because the results far of an independentCounting in 19.000 of the polling stations , and Musevenis alleged choice victory deviated want to contest president. This had let briefly change the condition before the choice, in order to make a third term of office possible.
The simultaneous parliamentary election (284 delegates) would represent however a progress, ifit to first democratic parliamentary debates to lead should.

The current government presents itself as positively gesinnt in relation to human rights , but is deficits while handling political parties and regime opponents like also recruiting of child soldiers obvious.
The current president of theNeighbour state Rwanda, Paul Kagame, came due to a military intervention from Uganda to power. It belongs to the Ethnie (Tutsi).

condition

• of highest judges: Benjamin Joses Odoki (since 30. January 2001)
• Prosecutor general: Kiddu Makubya

parties

• forum for Democratic CHANGE
• national progressive Movement (NPM; Presidency: Dr. Venansius Baryamureeba, a party since 7. April 2004)
• National Resistance Movement Organization (NRM-O; A party since 2003)
• Uganda Green party
• Uganda Libertarian Action (ULA)
• G7(Oppositional list alliance with the choice 2006)
  • Uganda People's Congress (UPC; Presidency: Apollo Milton Obote)
  • Democratic party (DP; Presidency: Paul Kawanga Ssemogerere)
  • Conservative party (CP; Presidency: Ken Lukyamuzi)
  • Justice forum (JF) (presidency: Muhammad Kibiringe Mayanja)
  • reform agenda
  • National Democratic forum (NDF; Presidency:Chapaa Karuhanga, a party since August 1995)
  • Free Movement
• Second Group OF Seven (second oppositional list alliance with the choice 2006)
  • Action party
  • People's Independent party
  • Movement for Democratic CHANGE
  • national Peasant party

Government

Office	office holder	since
president	Yoweri Kaguta Museveni	26. January 1986
vice-president	Gilbert Balibaseka Bukenya	May of 2003
prime ministers	Apolo Nsibambi	5. April 1999
Präsidialamtsministerin	Beatrice Wabudeya	13. January of 2005
ministers of foreign affairs	SAM Kutesa	13. January of 2005
Ministers of the Interior	Ruhakana Ruganda
Ministerfor law and affairs of condition	Edward Kiddu Makubuya
Minister for the public service	Henry Magunwa Kajura	of 2003
Ministers of Finance	Ezra Suruma	13. January 2005
minister for education and sport	Geraldine Namirembe Bitamazire	13. January of 2005
Ministers for municipal administration	Tarsis Kabwegyere
minister of health	Jim Muhwezi	25. July of 2001
Ministers for infrastructure	John NASA Irish Republican Army	July of 1998
Ministers for water, country and environment	Kahinda Otafiire
minister for affairs of sex, work and social development	Zoe Bakoko Bakoru	25. July of 2001
Ministers for energy and mining industry	Syda NamirembeBbumba	of 1999
Secretaries of Defense	Amama Mbabazi	25. July 2001
minister for agriculture and fishery	Hajati Janat Mukwaya	25. July of 2001
Ministers for tourism, trade and industry	Daudi Migereko
Minister in the office of the prime minister	George Mondo Kagonyera
Minister for disaster prevention and refugees	Moses Ali
Minister for restaurant economics	Kweronda Ruhemba
safety minister	Betty Akech	13. To January of 2005
Ministers without division	Crispus Kiyonga

for the complete list of the presidents of Uganda, see president of Uganda.

administrative arrangement

major item: Districts of Uganda

Ugandais arranged into 70 districts.

economics

general

the economy in the south and in the center of the country prosperiert. Main export property actual as at the protectorate time - coffee (55% furnishthe receipts from exports), to smaller extent also gold. Also dte (5%), fish (7.5%) from the Viktoria lake and tobacco (4%) are exported. The exports have a total value of 621 million US Dollar opposite imported goods of 1,306 million US Dollar. After thoseThe confused time of amine and Obotes were terminated and Uganda under Museveni stabilized, used a steady economic growth with growth rates of approximately 5 6% annually. Uganda ranks nevertheless further among the poorest countries in the world: still 2003 amounteditself the portion of the population with less than 1 US Dollar per day on 82%.

Uganda is affected like most states of the world by the climatic change. Experts assume by the new climatic situation bspw. in few years no cultivation of coffeein Uganda will be more possible.

characteristic data

the GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 6.5 billion or 248 US Dollar for each inhabitant amount to. The agriculture, in which about 82% the inhabitant are busy, gains 35.8% GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT. This number is in relation to the employment figure so small, since many farmers produce still in Subsistenzwirtschaft. The industry has a gros domestic product portion of 20,8% (5% of the persons employed), the service sector of 43,6% (13% of the persons employed). The inflation rate amounts to 3.5%.

public expenditures

in the national budget face incomes at a value of 1.491 billion US Dollar expenditures at a value of 1.727 billion US Dollar. The state has foreign debts of 3.865 billion US Dollar, which corresponds to 73.9% GROS DOMESTIC PRODUCT. Uganda receives 690 million US Dollarat international auxiliary payments. (All numbers conditions 2004)

between 1990 and 2000 the portion of the public expenditures for

• the health service was to culture [
• work on ] with 2%
• the training system with 15%

26%

education

• Makerere university
• mbar era UniversityOF Science and Technology
• Ndejje Christian University
• Uganda Christian University
• Nkozi University
• Bugema Seventh Day Adventist University
• Mbale Islamic University
• Nkumba University
• Kampala University
• Namasagali University

writer

list of African writers (to countries)

media

thoseMedia in Uganda can report critically on the government, although the government with reports on sensitive topics like the rebel war in the north and entangling the country into the civil war in the Congo in the past like also with the topic child soldiersreacted every now and then sharply. Since the power start of president Museveni the medium landscape was liberalisiert. Are registered over 100 Radiosender.

newspapers

• new vision (daily paper)
• The monitor (daily paper)
• The Weekly Observer (weekly paper)

holidays

the national holiday becomesto 9. October celebrated.

• 1. January: New Year
• 26. January: Release day
• 8. March: Woman Mrs.
• Easter (Karfreitag and Ostermontag)
• 1. May: Day of the work
• Whitsuntide
• 3. June: Martyr day
• 9. June: Day of the national heroes
• 9. October: Independence day
• 25./26. December: Christmas
• ID ul-adha
• ID aluminium-fitr

environment

nine of national park and six game reservations witness from the nature beauty of the country and the will to protect these. Itare distributed over the country and lie usually in the proximity of the borders and less in the center of the country. Thus different landscapes and partnerships are protected. Three of the parks are to be lifted here briefly out:

The Queen Elizabeth national park is by itsSituation at the foot of the Ruwenzori mountains and at the Edward lake and George lake coined/shaped. River horses and pelicans fall in the eye, besides the occurrence of African buffalos, from elephant , points lion, various Antilopen and over 600 kinds of bird to the ecological variety of theArea.

the Rwenzori Mountains national park is to protect the mountain and glacier regions of the Ruwenzori mountains, one of the sources of the Nile, with its singular Flora.

The largest protected surface of the country extends over the Murchison of case national park.A spectacular Wasserfall of the Nile was for this park named-giving, at which Nilkrokodile and river horses live. A rarity of this protected area represents the Rothschild giraffe .

See also: National park in Uganda

harmful for nature and environment work themselves drainage of humid areas, clearing,Over feasting and other negative uses out. In the Viktoriasee usury extraneous water hyacinths. The installation Nilbar in the Viktoriasee, in order to increase the fishery yields, led other kinds to the extermination of numerous endemic fish types Buntbar in particular, is threatened. This is an ecologicalDisaster and an example of wrong „development assistance “, whose damage outweighs the use.

Uganda signed the Kyoto Klimaprotokoll and numerous other environmental and nature protection agreements.

literature

• R. Hofmeier/A. Mehler: Small Africa encyclopedia. Politics restaurant economics. Munich 2004, ISBN 3-406-51071-X.

Message

• new vision (English)
• Visit Uganda (English)
• Uganda safaris, hotels, route & Travel Emporium (English)

Web on the left of

• land and travel information of the Foreign Office
• travel experiences and photo from Uganda
• Uganda in the CIA World Factbook (English)
• child soldier in Uganda source:OEW
• District information portal (English)
• www.licht-film.de 3 minutes Filmmaterial to Uganda

coordinates: 1°S - 4°N, 30°-35° O