Illusion

The term Illusion represents a human conviction, those

I. is logically inconsistent or probably-confirmed knowledge about the material world contradicts and
II. despite contrary vouchers it is maintained because the personal certainty of the concerning is so strong that they are rationally no longer accessible.

Frequently the opinion is held, an illusion is - for instance in contrast to Religiositaet or the so-called - not by the soziokulturellen background of a community supported, but possesses an isolating character. This view implies however that an illusion would disappear, as soon as it was divided only by a sufficiently large circle of acquaintances. Their popularity is based substantially on philosophical Unschaerfen (Naturalisti false conclusion, confusion around the terms Faith and aspects - to explanations concerning it see Web left NR. 2) It is to be noted thus that the o.g. Characteristics of the illusion by the size of its trailer shank and the kind of its reference objects remain unaffected.

Table of contents 1 Causes 2 Different developments of illusion 2.1 Impairment illusion and pursuit illusion 2.2 Relations illusion 2.3 Depletion illusion 2.4 Size size of (megalomania) 2.5 Debt illusion 2.6 Disaster-think 2.7 Hypocondria 2.8 Nullity illusion 2.9 Inventor illusion 2.10 Jealousy illusion 2.11 Other forms 3 Handling illusion 4 Web on the left of

Causes

Illusion is considered to one as indication Psychological disturbance. In that illusion thoughts become also as "contentwise Thoughts disturbance"designates, among other things and to further psychological illnesses with or without a diagnosable organic cause arise.

The illusion reflects also a social relationship again. Within this relationship a side of the others agrees upon the reality content of their convictions and expects that the other side gives its convictions up.

Different developments of illusion

Outstanding ones notice illusion convictions partly than sophisticated and comprehensive "illusion buildings", into which concerning include their everyday experiencing and reinterpret (z.B. "the parking car there outside serves only to camouflage a hearing plant"). Psychiatrists speak then also of systematized illusion.

Sometimes the illusion symptomatology is limited in addition, to a only one and sharply circumscribed area ("Mrs. X is a witch"), and outstanding ones feels the concerning from this one point apart as quite reality.

For Schizophrenien generally such illusion contents are typical, which are particularly felt of others than the concerning than bizarr and illogically. One speaks with Schizophrenien also of a "explanation illusion", thus a illusionful conviction, which is to make other symptoms of the schizophrenia (like acoustic hallucinations) for the concerning explainable.

With one continuous illusionful disturbance usually arise illusion contents, which do not feel outstanding ones as in itself relatively conclusively and bizarr. Material events are included thereby into illusion contents. A continuous illusionful disturbance is considered as chronic and hardly treatable.

One calls complex "illusion systems" closed in itself also . In this case of a schizophrenen Psychose, there with the concerning none is not spoken otherwise for those typical symptoms (hallucinations, I disturbances, formal thoughts disturbance etc..) to be determined.

When "Paranoiker" become humans designation, who psychiatrists as arranged, logical and up to the illusion psychologically completely inconspicuously to notice. As typically paranoisch z is considered.B. a conviction that other humans conspire themselves against the person concerned, behind the back over it and komplotte schmieden talk. All of this is developed with arguments, to which psychiatrists award a logical and realistic content.

With one with illusion symptoms arise frequently depletion illusion, debt illusion and disaster thinking.

For one against it is rather size illusion marking.

When "Maniker" become humans designation, who are against the view of their environment of the conviction, they are for example a high-talented artist or an ingenious musician, and who itself thereupon an expensive wing buy, although they played piano never before, or whom rent themselves a studio, although nobody them ever a special artistic talent awarded.

If illusion contents are agreeing experienced as with the psychological basic tendency of the concerning, one speaks in the psychiatry of one synthymen illusion. Of dysthymen illusion ideas against it one speaks if psychiatrist the psychological being correctness of the concerning not when agreeing with illusion contents feel.

Persons also illusion symptoms can likewise show. To become frequently thereby the illusionful conviction, from other humans bestohlen, determined.

Also in connection with that and/or. everything with mental impairment different forms of the illusion are determined, among them at the most frequent jealousy illusion.

Steps rarely so mentioned induced illusion up. It becomes also symbiontischer illusion or Foil à deux called. Here a close member, who spends much time with humans suffering from an illusion symptomatology, takes over usually thus the life partner, the illusion ideas of the concerning. By social isolation and increasingly as hostile or threateningly felt environment is strengthened the common illusion experiencing; the illusion creates community and communication. With a temporary separation of the persons a rapid decrease of the illusionful symptomatology is then usually determined with the person with the induced illusion.

Since children up to the older school age usually take over their estimates of the reality of parents, they are particularly endangered, into the illusion or by parents to be included and on it participated. Illusion contents works appropriate behavior of the child then as confirmation for the illusion of parents. For children such a constellation can have serious consequences. For example if parents are convinced the fact that the child is psychologically changed or disturbed exists the danger that the child transfers this conviction to his self picture, his experiencing and holding back. Thus it can come to the fact that psychologists or psychiatrists with the child one Identity disturbance determine.

In connection with the induced illusion it is assumed that also wrong memories for example concerning one to develop can ("false MEMORY of syndromes").

Impairment illusion and pursuit illusion

The person concerned feels impaired by their environment, D.h. it feels by their fellow men insulted, degraded, verhoehnt, one trachtet for its life etc.., while the fellow men do not notice anything such a thing. As a stronger form of the impairment illusion the pursuit illusion is considered: humans concerned feel pursued and/or observe, z.B. of agents, extraterrestial ones or others. It interprets thereby events in its environment against the conviction of their fellow men frequently as espionage or monitoring actions.

Relations illusion

The concerning refers things and events in its environment to itself, which do not have to do nothing at all in opinion of its fellow men with it; he believes for example that television messages contain hidden messages to him personally. The relations illusion particularly is forms, with which it often forms the foundation of the remaining illusion building.

Depletion illusion

The person concerned feels poor, or is afraid, of becoming impoverished although their fellow men for it notice no references and/or. their financial situation is perfectly unchanged.

Size size of (megalomania)

The person concerned holds itself for an important political or religious personality, the Reinkarnation of large personalities, for a God or for prophets, although its fellow men regard her as usual humans. Z is similar.B. that sucked. Transmission illusion ("I must release mankind").

As special forms are considered:

• Transmission illusion
• political illusion
• religious illusion (with order for welfare)
• illusionful increase of the own person
• Welfare illusion
• World improvement and/or. World renewal illusion
• Omnipotenzwahn

Debt illusion

The person believes that her at events carries, with which she does not have to do anything (z.B. "there is poverty in the world" on my account). Usually it attributes this to be suendig against goettliche or moral principles to have offended to have versuendigt itself and expected for it to be punished. Therefore also Versuendigungswahn called.

The person constantly fears that bad events occur, z.B. that relatives close become ill, them somewhat zustoesst or that it to suddenly die, although their fellow men usually ignore these dangers or estimate their occurrence as improbable.

Hypocondria

The concerning believes itself incurably ill, the Siechtum or death close u.A. through , , or vaguer illnesses like "contraction of internal Organe"/"Hirnschwund", although no medical findings are present for this. See also Hypochondrie.

Nullity illusion

The person concerned keeps itself for very inferior, unimportant, in extreme cases (nihilistic illusion) does not existent for at all, although their fellow men notice it as equivalent, importantly and present.

Inventor illusion

A person holds itself for an ingenious inventor, develops countless equipments, which do not function partly at all after the tests of their fellow men or serve in their eyes no purpose.

Jealousy illusion

The concerning is jealous in a measure on the life partner or the Lebenspartnerin, which its fellow men feel as exaggerated. It interprets various events as proof for a loyalty break. Jealousy illusion is diagnosed frequently with alcohol illness and into a connection with force against the partner and/or. the Partnerin posed.

Other forms

Further forms of the illusion are formed by composition than substantially understood contents of the conviction concerned with the word illusion. For example:

• Descending illusion
• Threat illusion
• Foreign influence illusion
• Dear illusion
• Querulantenwahn
• Wealth illusion
• Innocence illusion
• Fall illusion
• Condemnation illusion
• Illusion, bestohlen to become

Handling illusion

Handling illusion is partly coined/shaped of considerable fears, because the behavior as "mad" felt humans appears frequently as uncalculable.

It is offering no prospects for outstanding ones to want to divert a concerning of its illusionful conviction. For the gotten sick one a "illusion certainty" does not exist, it needs proofs for its illusion. Rebutting evidences are imperturbably ignored or inserted into the illusion ("those to have the camera, which spies me, now elsewhere brought"). It is the straight characteristic of the diseased illusion the fact that this cannot be examined from the concerning rationally or more strongly than all contrary vouchers works the subjective illusion certainty.

One should attack the illusion in handling concerning thus neither, nor get involved in illusion contents and do in such a way, as if he is material (this can lead if necessary to a short term relaxation). Instead one should recognize that illusion contents for the concerning represent a reality, and that this is thereby mostly very loaded and be frightened. Newer investigations showed however that manufacturing a reality purchase in handling illusion patients can quite contribute to a dissociation beginning from illusionful experiencing. To that extent the definition must again be seized as "imperturbable conviction".

A treatment is not always simple due to the missing insight. Occasionally a patient can be motivated by member or the physician despite Uneinsichtigkeit nevertheless for treatment.

Also a double record keeping in such a way specified, D partly exists.h. the patient keeps firm at the illusion (and for example, he means by extraterrestial natures was pursued), has however at the same time a certain disease insight, goes in treatment and takes its medicines regularly.

If exists an own or a foreign endangerment and no consent is present for treatment, this obligatory can take place. The psychiatric treatment is depending upon more diagnosed at the basis lying illness (z.B. , , .

In principle come in the psychiatry with illusion of different kind Neuroleptika due to their antipsychotischen effect in question. When illnesses such as Manie or depression this takes place then usually additionally for antimanischen or anti-depressive medication.

By Neuroleptika a rapid improvement of the illusion symptomatology can often be obtained. Determined illusion forms, like z.B. In addition, illusion in the context of a continuous illusionful disturbance, can be to a large extent therapy resistant.

Web on the left of

- quotations

• Homepage von Rolf Schmidt - Psychose, empiric report
• Critical references to the traditional demarcation of illusion and faith/but faith