Military church
as military church churches are marked, those apparently with militaryful devices, like z. B. Zinnen, Pechnasen or Schiessscharten, provided and/or. with weir structures surrounded are. When recent archaeological and build-historical investigations against the fact it was stated thatnumerous military churches structural elements do not possess, for a genuine military engineering attachment and/or. an active defense capability speak. Or elements, which are brought with fortifikatorischen tasks in connection, were not recognized as duly to the original building existence or as for it uselessly, like e.g. the alleged casting oriels, with which it concerns mostly only retiring openings, or “Schiessscharten”, which are nearly in each case Schlitzfenster.
Churches became frequent only in 15. /16. Century partly fastened or even only symbolful with military elements provide.
In the south of France and particularly in filter defiency guarantees so-called church castles exist with castellets, walks along the battlements, kennels and gate tower. In Southern France today still approximately 350 military churches are received from the time of the Religionskriege. 150 from the fight against the Turks retained themselves in filter defiency guarantees.
In Germany those received still arrested churches to this typeduring the dreissigjährigen war, as for example in Solingen, a last meaning as Refugium against the marodierende Soldateska. In middle Franconia, and in the Rhön some these plants kept south Thuringia (e.g. Force yard, largecreate-laugh, Veitsbronn, Vach). So-called gadenbefestigteMilitary churches were surrounded by Gaden, which formed the outside wall. In the ore mountains one finds provided churches (walk along the battlements churches) in Grossrückerswalde, Dörnthal , loud brook and Mittelsaida with a walk along the battlements.
On fount cross-beam, in Kärnten and in the Steiermark finds one still some round churches, those likewisethis type to add are, in the Wachau is the famous military church pc. Michael.
In Switzerland the military church is pc. Arbogast in Muttenz with Basel still the only place of worship of the country, which is completely enclosed by a nearly circular Ringmauer.
 Military church Grossrückerswalde |
 military church Loud brook |
 military church Mittelsaida |
 military church Hohenpölz |
 military church and lock Pottschach |
 military church pc. Arbogast Muttenz (Switzerland) |
 military church in small width brook with Plaue (Thuringia) |
see also: Castle church (Ingelheim)
reference works
- Höhne, Dirk: Remarks on the so-called Wehrhaftigkeit of medieval land churches.In: Castles and locks in Saxonia-Anhalt 12 (2003), S.119-149.
- Schmitt, pure hard: To the west's building of the Havelberger of cathedral: Donjon, military tower or church tower? In: Castles and locks in Saxonia-Anhalt 6 (1997), S. 6-40.
- Schmitt, pure hard: „" And „Kirchhof “fastened militaryclung churches from barrier village, circle Schmalkalden Meiningen. In: Castles and locks in Saxonia-Anhalt 9 (2000), S. 127-149.
- Zeune, Joachim: New research at Frankish church castles. In: Castle research from Saxonia 5/6 (1995), S. 226-239.
- Hopf, Udo: The pc. Crucis church to Espenfeld. Investigations for building history and attachment. In: Castles and locks in Thuringia 1996, S. 85-92.
- Hopf, Udo: Building-historical investigation of the so-called military churchto Schaala. In: Castles and locks in Thuringia 1997, S. 110-118;
- Kafka, Karl: Military churches of Lower Austria I; Vienna 1969.
- Kafka, Karl: Military churches of Lower Austria II; Vienna 1970.
- Kafka, Karl: Military churches Kärntens I; Vienna 1971.
- Kafka, Karl: Military churches Kärntens II; Vienna 1972.
- Kafka, Karl: Military churches Steiermarks; Vienna 1974.
- Upper, Marek: Weir structure costume and Konnotationen of the Wehrhaftigkeit with the pommerschen and neumärkischen city and village churches.In: Genuine Wehrhaftigkeit or martialische effect. To the practical function and to the symbol character of military elements of everyday and sakraler buildings in German medal German Prussia and in the Baltic Sea area. Art-historical work of the culture donation of the GermansRefugee 3, Cologne 2000, S. 139-149.
- Werner Spickenreuther: Erzgebirgi walk along the battlements churches. Faster and Steiner, Regensburg 1996, ISBN 3-7954-4053-X
