In particular
wool as wool one designates the soft hair of the skin of some mammals ( contrary to the cover hair) from the sheep (sheep wool). Sie gehört wie Seide und Kasein zu den Proteinfasern, jedoch unterscheiden Wolle und andere Tierhaare sich von diesen durch ihren hohen Schwefelgehalt(3-4%), which is due to the high content of the double amino acid Cystin. Wool is a regenerating raw material.
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Terminology
the designation fleece wool or pure fleece wool expresses that it itself around new, directly, thus a recycling product made reused by a living animal coming wool, and not around of old textiles such as tearing wool or around from the skins more slaughtered (Schwöde, sweating, or Gerberwolle)or verendeter (Sterblingswolle) acts animals won wool. Marking after the textile marking law: WV = pure fleece wool WHERE = tearing wool.
With spiders by means of precise high-electronic spin machines, which work exactly on a micrometer, too spinends wool becomes into a long thread gesponnen. The more thinly and concomitantlythe longer (from the same kilogram of wool) this thread becomes, the more highly is the quality.
a so-called natural thermal regularization characteristic has characteristics wool. Wool can take up the surface in the fiber-internal water vapour, repels water however. It can up to 33% theirDry weight at water take up, without feeling damp, they derives humidity substantially faster than z. B. the much used cotton. Since Wollwaren (related to their total volume) exist out up to 85% air, they warm well. Wool accepts dirt badly, kneeling third hardly,since the fiber is very flexible, wool is very colorfast and with difficulty inflammable. It burns not, but charred only. Wool accepts little welding smell contrary to artificial fibers. Wool is inclined to lints (Pilling), which one can reduce by lint free equipment. Without special equipment can itselfunpleasantly kratzig feels rough wool directly on the skin, what with fine Merinowollen however not the case is.
production
to the Wollgewinnung animals are sheared (fleece wool) or expenditure-combed, Kashmir goats (Kashmir), Angorakaninchen (Angora). Some sheep races (Soay) becomepulled (that is pain-free for the animals, one solves carefully in each case only those nearly already draws hair). Wool of Angoraziegen is well-known as Mohair.
Wolltypen
Wolltypen differentiated according to fiber condition:
- 1. Merinowolle:
It is finely, softly, strongly rippled/crinkled and more kurzstapeliger thanin the following the types mentioned. It comes from the Merinoschaf. Wool comes in high-quality comb yarns in the clothing to Einsatz.Die fiber refinement is enough from 16 to 23.5 micrometers. 2005 are the world record for the refinement of Merinowolle from New Zealand about 11,8 Micron (human hair 30Micron), held of the Italian weaving mill Loro Piana.
- 2. Crossbredwolle:
It is by means of-TAP-lies, medium-fine, not as softly as and less strongly rippled/crinkled than Merinowolle. It originates from Crossbredschafen, a crossing from merino and Grobwollschaf. The Crossbredwolle becomes both in the clothing and inHome textile range assigned. The fiber refinement is enough from 24 to over 40 micrometers.
- 3. Rough wool:
is lengthwise-TAP-lies, rough and crude, rather shining wool. Them are rather few or curved. It comes from the Grobwollschaf, z. B. the Shetlandschaf. Operational areas are z. B. the carpet industry or technical applications (barrier,Coverings).
subsequent treatment
wool is washed, combed, colored or bleached and frequently to comb yarn (rarer to caper yarn) versponnen. The threads developed in such a way can be woven then materials, be used knitting (cord goods) and Trikotagen or become by hand or by machineto carpets attached. Cleaned and combed wool can be converted also to felt, a fleece material.
In order to lend to wool characteristics, which she does not have by nature, it is equipped. Some these equipment lend their z. B. Moth security, felt liberty, machine wash barness etc.
use
wool becomes particularly yarns versponnen. It can be used also for mattresses or as natural thermal insulation. Sheep wool is suitable as insulating material, since it is not inflammable and during fire effect only clumped (one recognizes it easily by the typical fire smell). Ittherefore also today still to technical textiles (fire protection, work clothes) one converts. Also carpets and coverings in public means of transport such as airplanes, courses or penalties consist of wool.
special yarns
already the ancestors of the Inkas manufactured finest yarns from the wool of the South American small camels(Alpakas) and the still rarer wild Vikunjas. Also today Alpaka is considered as very high-quality yarn. It is five times warmer than Schafwollgarne. By microscopically small air bags it keeps warmer than nearly every other animal fiber. Alpaca contains no Lanolin and is therefore for Wollallergiker suitably. Likewise by very small weight and unusually good isolation ability Merino opossum wool is characterised. It is manufactured and used particularly in New Zealand. Interestingly enough the production of this wool helps, the existence of the unwanted numerous, the native Flora and fauna endangering opossumsto reduce.
Strickwolle and/or. Hand cord yarn consists today usually of a mixture of wool and artificial fibers.
special materials
Tweed is a particularly rough, warm and durable Wollstoff. Original Harris Tweed comes from exterior the Hebriden. Admitted Italian weaving mills of high-quality Wollstoffenare and. A.Cerruti, Zegna, Scabal, Fratelli, Guabello and Loro Piana.
The designations like “super 100”, “super of 120” etc. one finds on each better suit from fleece wool. It should be appropriate on the label of the respective material manufacturer. It designates thoseRefinement of the versponnenen Wollgarns, z. B. Super 100 means: 100 meters of the yarn weigh 1 gram. The more highly the number, the yarn, at present (2005) to super 210 for very fine and very expensive materials are processed the more finely. The designation is however not protected, like thatthat likewise to renowned material manufacturers is to be paid attention.
,
particularly the wool grease Lanolin contains secondary products wool of sheep wool. Usually it is extracted before the processing to add around it later cleaned and improved wool again or in the Kosmetik and textile industry for othersTo use purposes. Like that is z. B. contain Penaten Lanolin in the well-known baby care cream.
quotation
of some goes to wool and comes sheared home. - Miguel de Cervantes (Don Quijote)
Web on the left of
| Wiktionary: Wool - word origin, synonyms andTo translations |
- economic meaning of Bremen of the Wollhandels
- Australian wool marketing organization, successor of the international Wollsekretariats (IWS)
- “sheep wool”
