Word trunk
the term word trunk or trunk is differently used briefly. Is common the different use ways that the word trunk is the component of a word, to which other words (or word forms) be referred can.
Table of contents |
trunk as lexical core
with “word trunk” or “trunk” (also: Master word, root word, root, master morpheme, basic morpheme, lexical morpheme) becomes sometimes the lexical “core” of a worddesignated. It concerns thereby the component of a word, which not further can be divided (thus a morpheme), and the connection of a word family constitution.
Examples:
- {drink} is master morpheme of soak, beverage, Umtrunk, drink, drank, Umtrunk, drink, drown
- {house} is domestic the root word of house, lives, house, entry door, lives in
- {cord} is the master word of cord needle, cord sample, cord, Galgenstrick, knits, involved, captivates, around-trick-ends
trunk as morphologic basis
with “word trunk” or briefly “trunk” becomes frequently also thoseForm marks, which serves as basis for the formation of inflected word forms, typically by adding affixes. A trunk can represent thereby already an inflected word form, e.g. Dream; by appendices of the inflection affix - it for genitive singular onthe trunk develops dream.
Examples:
- Dream is the trunk of the inflected word forms
- schnarchthe trunk of the inflected word forms is
- schnarche (1. Person singularly present),
- schnarchst (2. Person singularly present),
- schnarcht (3. Person singularly present), etc.
In contrast to the “trunk” as lexical core of a word (see above), trunks can after thisDefinition also complex its (e.g.Childhood dream). Here also the connection becomes the above master term clearly: Trunks as lexical core of a word are always simple trunks. Simple trunks as “trunk” and complex trunks become accordingly as with iron mountain (1998)“Master's group” marks.
Whether with vowel change (Apophonie, in German e.g. Ring off and umlaut) own in each case master forms to be accepted or whether only one trunk is accepted, which is changed by a morphologic operation hangs of the used morphologic theoryoff. E.g. becomes. assumed that Plural is marked by Affigierung and vowel changes, then the trunk of the inflected word form of dreams ( Nominativ Plural ) is the same form as i.e. for the singular, dream. It is however accepted that word forms onlyfrom a Aneinanderkettung of word components (more exact: Morphen) exist, then one must accept two trunks in this case, i.e. dream and dreams.
Sometimes an extended master term is used, in order to describe also the different forms, with Derivation and Composition as basis to arise know. Therefore one differentiates according to inflection trunks, derivative ion trunks and composition trunks of a Lexems. Like that dream would be and dreams inflection master forms, dreams the derivative ion master form (for instance dreamed in dreamers or) and dream the composition master form (for instance in dream dancers)the Lexems DREAM.Child is inflection and derivative ion master form, child, child, child and children is the composition master forms (for instance in child woman, child nut/mother, child child and children's room) of the Lexems CHILD.
literature
- farmer, Laurie: Introducing linguistics Morphology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University press, 2003.
- Bus man, Hadumod (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia of the linguistics. Stuttgart: Kröner, 2002.
- Iron mountain, Peter: Sketch of the German grammar. Volume 1: The word. Stuttgart/Weimar: Metzler, 1998.
- Luck, Helmut (Hsg), Metzler encyclopedia language, 2000
- Mugdan, Joachim: Morphological unit. In:R.E. Ashtray (OD.):The Encyclopedia OF LANGUAGE and Linguistics. Oxford (among other things): Pergamon press, 1994.
