Zähringer
with pilotfar from used Swabian prince sex of the Zähringer called itself since end of the 11. Century after its castle tough rings with Freiburg in mash gau.
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history
supported by name amassments one assumes that the Zähringerfrom the Alaholfingern followed and their power by a Geblütsrecht supported. This Geblütsrecht main header it probably from other Swabian sexes .
Count Berthold, different rule in mash gau, Thurgau, which had Ortenau and the Baar,1057 received as replacement for to it from emperor Heinrich III. promised duchy Swabia the duchy Kärnten and the Mark county Verona, without being able to exercise these rights however actually. 1097 became again as replacement for with pilotfar fromremaining Swabian duke title the duchy tough rings, consisting of the self-goods of the family and different Reichslehen, based. This new territorial duchy was not regarded however of the contemporaries as equivalent with the traditional master duchies. From now on striving the Zähringer coined/shaped aftersuch a equivalent duchy their politics.1127 received the Zähringer the title of the dukes and rectors from Burgund. To tried the Zähringer last both their zähringisches duchy to a territorial duchy to develop and the Rektoratswürde over Burgund asto let appear proper duchy. After death emperor Heinrichs VI. (1197) duke became Bertold V. brought of tough rings as a throne candidate in the discussion. Bertold operated the candidacy however only short time, nevertheless shows the episode however that the family asthronable applied.
The ascent of the Zähringer into the circle of the most powerful princes in the realm carried out itself to a large extent during the Investiturstreits, with which the Zähringer most time stood on sides of the papal party. After the Pope-faithful Gegenkönige Rudolf ofRheinfelden and Hermann of Salm as well as Rudolfs son had died, counted starting from 1090 Bertold II. to the most powerful princes of this party. When son-in-law Rudolfs he was applicable even as new Gegenkönig, but it did not know a new king collection more producedbecome.
the Zähringerstädte
in 12. The Zähringer in the today's South West German country and in today's Switzerland an important powerful position, without a connected or founded duchy however actually achieved century inReflect a uniform rule area to form to be able. The silver mining industry in the Black Forest formed for this also a financial basis. The Zähringer claimant in its sphere of influence an active settlement politics and created numerous cities, villages and monasteries. The Zähringer selected the locations afterpolitical and economic criteria out. Uniform right, central administration as well as greatest possible liberty for the citizens of the cities marked the rule range of the Zähringer. A further characteristic is the typical outline of the town with the tough ring first race cross in such a way specified.
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[Work on] Zähringerstädte in Germany
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[work on] Zähringerstädte in Switzerland |
howone recognizes, was these cities on both sides of the Black Forest. Therefore it was very important for the Zähringer to create passages by this low mountain range and/or. to control. The only relevant road by the Black Forest was at the beginning of its rulethe Kinzigtalstrasse, which had been established by the Romans. For the connection of the cities Freiburg in mash gau and Villingen (Baar) the car pastes one created. While Freiburg covered end of the road, it became on the side of the Baar throughthe castle Zindelstein (with Donaueschingen) protected. Soon the route stepped by the hell valley to its place. By the Rodungen, which were necessary for road construction, it was possible for many Ministerialen of the Zähringer to live in the Black Forest. Therefore those hadZähringer a certain portion of the settlement of the Black Forest.
The struggles for power between pilotfar from and Welfen set however for the expansion of the Zähringer a political border.
Long time were researchers of the opinion, all old settlements with a certain road process, the so-called Zähringerkreuz, or the free citizen right sets similar municipal law would refer to a Zähringer rule area. Provable is it however like that that also the Zähringer predecessor settlements would have followed. Thus the tough ring first race cross one is independent of the Zähringern road guidance which can be found. Of theFurther one is it like that that settlements, whatever did not stand under the rule of the Zähringer the Zähringerrecht received. Often even only after becoming extinct that Swabia.
grave putting
grave-puts to the family was to 1093 because home to the Teck, where with that Limburg the master castle of the sex stands. According to the shift of the center of the zähringischen properties toward southwest from Berthold II. was starting from 1093. created monastery pc. Peter on the Black Forest last Ruhestätte of the Zähringer. Berthold V. 1200 the first extension building free citizen of Münster began also with the goal, a new representative grave-puts to create. The main line of the Zähringer died however before completion of the church with death Bertholds V. 1218 out.
lines
main line
the regents of the Zähringer were
- Berthold I. († 1078), duke of Kärnten, Mark count von Verona
- Berthold II. († 1111), duke of Swabia, duke of tough rings
- Berthold III. († 1122), duke of tough rings
- Konrad I. († 1152), duke of tough rings, duke of Burgund
- Berthold IV. († 1186), duke of tough rings, duke of Burgund
- Berthold V. († 1218), duke of tough rings
further one important Zähringer were
- Gebhard III. († 1110), bishopof Konstanz, son of Berthold I.
- Clementia of tough rings († 1167), married 1147 Heinrich the lion, daughter of Konrad I.
- Rudolf archbishop of Mainz, bishop von Lüttich, chosen by tough rings ( † 1191), Sohn ofKonrad I.
With death Bertholds V. the line of the dukes of tough rings became extinct. Emperor Friedrich II. all Reichslehen of the Zähringer drew in, the inheritance of the allodial estate of Berthold stepped with the daughters of Berthold IV. married countsby Urach and count von Kyburg on.
Mark count von Baden
the line of the Mark counts von Baden, those on the son of Berthold I., Hermann I., decreases/goes back, inherited parts of the possession as well as the Mark count title and designateditself in the consequence as the sex of the Zähringer.Hermann II., the son of Hermann I., called itself for the first time 1112 Mark count von Baden. The line governed after several divisions as a Mark count until 1806 and as Grand Dukes of bathinguntil 1830 and/or. as morganatische collateral line up to the resignation Friedrichs II. 1918 in the context of the November revolution.
, family possessions around
the castle Teck inherited and called themselves dukes of Teck Adalbert, brother of Berthold IV. starting from 1187 Duke of Teck. The dukes of Teck became extinct 1439 .
see also
- German aristocracy houses, aristocracy, Genealogi manual of the aristocracy
- homeland association Zaringia Heidelberg
