1900

This article is about the Year 1900. For other uses, see 1900 (film).

Years :	1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903
Years:	1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903
Decades:	1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s
Centuries:	18th century · 19th century · 20th century

1900 by topic:
Arts
Architecture - Art - Film - Literature - Music - Television
Science and technology
Archaeology - Aviation - Meteorology - Rail transport - Radio - Science
By country
Australia - Canada - India - Ireland - Mexico - South Africa
Other topics
Awards - Sport - Law - State leaders - Religious leaders Video gaming
Birth and death categories
Births - Deaths

1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday.

Events

January

January 1 - Nigeria becomes a British Protectorate
January 2 - The first Electric bus becomes operational in New York City
January 2 - John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China.
January 2 - Chicago Canal opens.
January 3 - British Royal Yacht, Victoria and Albert capsizes as it leaves port
January 4 - Strikes in Belgium and Germany lead to mining riots
January 5 - Irish leader John Edward Redmond calls for a revolt against British rule.
January 5 - Dr Henry A. Rowland of John Hopkins University discovers the cause of the Earth's magnetism
January 6 - It is reported that millions are starving in India.
January 6 - Boers attack Ladysmith - over 1000 people were killed.
January 8 - United States President William McKinley places Alaska under military rule.
January 9 - The First through train runs from Cairo to Khartoum
January 9 - Influenza strikes London
January 10 - Lord Roberts become Army chief in the Boer War
January 12 - In India, Three and a quarter millon people are recieving famine relief.
January 13 - Kaiser of Germany declares that German is the command language in the German army
January 14 - Premier presentation of opera Tosca in Rome - actors have received death threats and nameless letters.
January 15 - The Hippodrome theatre opens in the Charing Cross Roads in London
January 16 - The United States Senate accepts the Anglo-German treaty of 1899 in which the United Kingdom renounced its claims to the Samoan islands.
January 17 - Brigham H. Roberts is refused a seat in the House of Representatives because of his Polygamy
January 23 - 5000 Austrian miners go on strike
January 24 - Battle of Spion Kop in Second Boer War.
January 24 - The governments in London and Pretoria begin negotiations to end the Second Boer War.
January 27 - Boxer rebellion: Foreign diplomats in Peking China demand that the Boxer rebels be disciplined.
January 29 - The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs is organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania with 8 founding teams.
January 30 - United Kingdom forces fighting Boers in South Africa ask for reinforcements.

February

Labour Party of the United Kingdom formed February 1900

February 2 - First performance of Gustave Charpentier's opera, Louise
February 3 - Gubernatorial candidate William Goebel is assassinated in Frankfort, Kentucky. Former-Secretary of State Caleb Powers was later found guilty in a conspiracy to kill Goebel.
February 6 - The international arbitration court at The Hague is created when the Netherlands' Senate ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree.
February 7 - The Labour Party (UK)British Labour Party is formed.
February 8 - British troops are defeated by Boers at Ladysmith, South Africa.
February 9 - Richard Wigginton Thompson, U.S. congressman, dies.
February 14 - Russia responds to international pressure to free Finland by tightening imperial control over the country.
February 14 - Second Boer War: In South Africa, 20,000 British troops invade the Orange Free State.
February 17 - Battle of Paardeberg in the Second Boer War.
February 22 - Hawaii officially becomes a territory of the United States.
February 23 - Second Boer War: Battle of Hart's Hill - In South Africa the Boers and British troops battle.
February 27 - Boer War: In South Africa, British military leaders receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronje.
February 27 - Ramsay MacDonald appointed secretary of newly formed British Labour Party.

March

March 3 - Mining strike ends in Germany.
March 6 - A coal mine explosion in West Virginia traps 50 coal miners.
March 9 - Women in Germany demand right to participate in university entrance exams
March 11 - Second Boer War: Boer leader Paul Kruger's peace overtures are rejected by Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Lord Salisbury.
March 13 - Second Boer War: British forces occupy Bloemfontein, Orange Free State.
March 13 - In France, length of a workday for women and children is limited to 11 hours by law
March 14 - The Gold Standard Act is ratified placing United States currency on the gold standard.
March 16 - Sir Arthur Evans discovers the ruins of Knossos on Crete
March 24 - New York City Mayor Van Wyck breaks ground for a new underground "Rapid Transit Railroad" that would link Manhattan and Brooklyn.

April

April 1 - Every French policeman is assigned to carry a gun.
April 1 - Irish Guards formed by Queen Victoria
April 4 - Anarchist shoots at the Prince of Wales during his visit to Belgium in the birthday celebrations of the king of Belgium.
April 14 - Paris World Exhibition opens.

May

May 1 - Explosion of blasting powder in coal mine in Scofield, Utah kills 200
May 2 - Oscar II, King of Sweden, declares support for Britain at the time of the Second Boer War.
May 17 - Second Boer War: British troops relieve Mafeking
May 17 - Boxers destroy three villages near Peking and kill 60 Chinese Christians
May 18 - Boer delegation travels to USA to ask for assistance
May 18 - The United Kingdom proclaims a protectorate over Tonga.
May 21 - Russia invades Manchuria
May 23 - Sergeant William Harvey Carney becomes the first African American to be awarded the Medal of Honor (awarded for heroism in the Battle of Fort Wagner during the American Civil War).
May 24 - Second Boer War: British annex Orange Free State as Orange River Colony.
May 25 - Boer soldiers vote for the continuance of the war
May 28 - Boxers attack Belgian personnel in the Fengtai railway station
May 29 - Chinese government condemns Boxers
May 30 - Boxers occupy Tientsin
May 31 - Peacekeepers from various European countries arrive in China
May 31 - British under Lord Robert occupy Johannesburg

June

June 1 - Carrie Nation demolishes 25 saloons in Medicine Lodge
June 5 - Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria, South Africa.
June 14 - The Reichstag approves a second law that allows the expansion of the German navy.
June 20 - The Boxers gather about 20,000 people near Peking and kill hundreds of European citizens, including the German ambassador.
June 30 - Piers of North German Lloyd Steamship line burned in Hoboken, New Jersey - 326 dead

July

Australia, founded July 9, 1900

July 2 - First zeppelin flight on Lake Constance near Friedrichshafen, Germany
July 5 - Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act passes British Parliament
July 9 - Queen Victoria gives royal assent to Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act
July 13 - Boxer Rebellion: In China, Tientsin is retaken by European Allies from the rebelling Boxers
July 19 - The first line of the Métro is inaugurated in Paris.
July 29 - In Italy, King Umberto I of Italy is assassinated by Italian-born anarchist Gaetano Bresci.
July 30 - The Duke of Albany becomes Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha as Carl Eduard following the death of his uncle, Duke Alfred

August

August 14 - An international contingent of troops, under British command, invades Peking and frees the Europeans taken hostage.
August 27 - British defeat Boer commandos at Bergendal

September

September 8 - Galveston Hurricane of 1900: a powerful hurricane hits Galveston, Texas killing about 8,000 people.
September 17 - Philippine-American War: Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeat Americans under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham at Mabitac.

October

October - The Norwegian inventor Johann Vaaler demands a patent for his invention, the paperclip.

November

November 3 - the first automobile show in the United States opened at New York's Madison Square Garden under the auspices of the Automobile Club of America.
November 6 - U.S. presidential election, 1900: Republican incumbent William McKinley is reelected by defeating Democrat challenger William Jennings Bryan.

Births

January

January 5 - Yves Tanguy, French painter (d. 1955)
January 26 - Karl Ristenpart, German conductor (d. 1967)
January 27 - Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)

February

February 4 - Jacques Prévert, French lyricist and author (d. 1977)
February 5 - Adlai Stevenson, American politician (d. 1965)
February 11 - Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher (d. 2002)
February 12 - Roger J. Traynor, American judge (d. 1983)
February 19 - Giorgos Seferis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
February 22 - Luis Buñuel, Spanish film director (d. 1983)
February 28 - Wolfram Hirth, German pilot and aircraft designer (d. 1959)

March

March 9 - Howard Aiken, American computing pioneer (d. 1973)
March 19 - Frédéric Joliot, French physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 1958)
March 23 - Erich Fromm, German-born psychologist and philosopher (d. 1980)
March 29 - John McEwen, eighteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1980)
March 31 - Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. 1974)

April

April 2 - Roberto Arlt, Argentine writer (d. 1942)
April 5 - Spencer Tracy, American actor (d. 1967)
April 25 - Wolfgang Ernst Pauli, Austrian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958)
April 26 - Charles Richter, American geophysicist and inventor (d. 1985)
April 30 - Cecily Lefort, English World War II heroine (executed) (d. 1945)

May

May 1 - Ignazio Silone, Italian author (d. 1978)
May 12 - Helene Weigel, Austrian actress (d. 1971)
May 28 - Tommy Ladnier, American jazz trumpeter (heart attack) (d. 1939)

June

June 3 - Rolland Fisher, American temperance movement leader (d. 1982)
June 5 - Dennis Gabor, Hungarian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
June 15 - Paul Mares, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1949)
June 29 - Antoine de Saint-Exupery, French pilot and writer (d. 1944)

July

July 13 - George Lewis, American jazz clarinetist (d. 1969)
July 29 - Eyvind Johnson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)

August

August 3 - Ernie Pyle, American journalist (d. 1945)
August 4 - Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, queen of King George VI of the United Kingdom (d. 2002)
August 6 - Cecil H. Green, British-born geophysicist and businessman (d. 2003)
August 10 - Arthur Espie Porritt, New Zealand politician and athlete (d. 1994)
August 15 - Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet (d. 1966)
August 19 - Colleen Moore, American actress (d. 1988)
August 22 - Sergei Ozhegov, Russian lexicographer (d. 1964)
August 25 - Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, German physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1981)
August 26 - Hellmuth Walter, German engineer and inventor (d. 1980)

September

September 3 - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (d. 1986)
September 6 - W.A.C. Bennett, Canadian politician (d. 1979)
September 22 - Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (d. 1985)
September 23 - Louise Nevelson, Ukrainian-born American sculptor (d. 1988)

October

October 1 - Tom Goddard, English cricketer (d. 1966)
October 6 - Stan Nichols, English cricketer (d. 1961)
October 7 - Heinrich Himmler, Nazi official and leader of the SS (d. 1945)
October 30 - Ragnar Granit, Finnish neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1991)

November

November 5 - Martin Dies, Jr., American politician (d. 1972)
November 8 - Charlie Paddock, American athlete (d. 1943)
November 8 - Margaret Mitchell, American writer (d. 1949)
November 11 - Halina Konopacka, Polish athlete (d. 1989)
November 14 - Aaron Copland, American composer (d. 1990)

December

December 3 - Ulrich Inderbinen, Swiss mountain guide (d. 2004)
December 3 - Richard Kuhn, Austrian Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate (d. 1967)
December 4 - John Axon GC, British railwayman (d. 1957)
December 12 - Sammy Davis, Sr., American dancer (d. 1988)

Month/day unknown

Alphonse Elric, European Alchemist

Deaths

January 20 - Richard D. Blackmore, British Novelist
January 20 - John Ruskin, English writer and social critic (b. 1819)
January 31 - John Sholto Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, Scottish nobleman and boxer (b. 1844)
March 6 - Gottlieb Daimler, German inventor and automotive pioneer (b. 1834)
April 5 - Joseph Louis François Bertrand, French mathematician (b. 1822)
April 24 - George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll, British politician (b.1823)
April 30 - Casey Jones, American train wreck victim (b. 1864)
May 18 - Jean Gaspard Felix Ravaisson-Mollien, French philosopher (b. 1813)
June 3 - Mary Kingsley, English explorer and writer (b. 1862)
June 5 - Stephen Crane, American author (b. 1871)
June 11 - Belle Boyd, American Confederate spy and actress (b.1843)
July 29 - Umberto I, King of Italy (assassinated) (b. 1844)
July 30 - Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
August 10 - Charles Russell, Baron Russell of Killowen, Lord Chief Justice of England (b.1832)
August 12 - Wilhelm Steinitz, Austrian-born chess player (b. 1836)
August 16 - Eça de Queirós, Portuguese writer (b. 1845)
August 25 - Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher and writer (b. 1844)
August 25 - Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1840)
September 23 - William Marsh Rice, American philanthropist and university founder (murdered) (b. 1816)
September 29 - Samuel Fenton Cary, American politician (b. 1814)
October 15 - Zdeněk Fibich, Czech composer (b. 1850)
October 22 - John Sherman, American politician (b.1823)
November 22 - Sir Arthur Sullivan. English composer (b. 1842)
November 30 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (b. 1854)

Month/day unknown

Henry D. Cogswell, American philanthropist (b. 1820)

Notes

1900 is not a leap year even though the number is divisible by 4. It is one of the dropped leap years of the Gregorian Calendar.

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