List of state leaders in 1989

1988 state leaders - Events of 1989 - 1990 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Algeria
  • President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979-1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kasdi Merbah, Prime Minister of Algeria (1988-1989)
    2. Mouloud Hamrouche, Prime Minister of Algeria (1989-1991)
• Angola - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979-present)
• Benin - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1972-1991)
• Botswana - Quett Masire, President of Botswana (1980-1998)
• Burkina Faso - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987-present)
• Cape Verde
  • President - Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
  • Prime Minister - Pedro Pires, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
• Comoros
  • President -
    1. Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Comoros (1978-1989)
    2. Said Mohamed Djohar, President of the Comoros (1989-1995)
• Côte d'Ivoire - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1960-1993)
• Djibouti -
  • President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977-1999)
  • Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978-2001)
• Equatorial Guinea
  • President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979-present)
  • Prime Minister - Cristino Seriche Bioko, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (1982-1992)
• Ethiopia
  • President - Mengistu Haile Mariam, President of Ethiopia (1977-1991)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Fikre Selassie Wogderess, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1987-1989)
    2. Hailu Yimenu, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1989-1991)
• Gabon
  • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-present)
  • Prime Minister - Léon Mébiame, Prime Minister of Gabon (1975-1990)
• The Gambia - Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970-1994)
• Guinea - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984-present)
• Kenya - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
• Liberia - Samuel K. Doe, President of Liberia (1980-1990)
• Malawi - Hastings Kamuzu Banda, President of Malawi (1966-1994)
• Mali - Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (1968-1991)
• Mauritania
  • President - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984-2005)
  • Prime Minister - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister of Mauritania (1984-1992)
• Mauritius
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968-1992)
  • Governor-General - Veerasamy Ringadoo, Governor-General of Mauritius (1986-1992)
  • Prime Minister - Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1982-1995)
• Mozambique
  • President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986-2005)
  • Prime Minister - Mário da Graça Machungo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1986-1994)
• Nigeria - Ibrahim Babangida, President of Nigeria (1985-1993)
• Rwanda - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
• São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President - Manuel Pinto da Costa, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975-1991)
  • Prime Minister - Celestino Rocha da Costa, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1988-1991)
• Seychelles - France-Albert René, President of Malawi (1977-2004)
• Somalia - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969 - 1991)
• Uganda -
  • President - Yoweri Museveni, Chairman of the military council (1986-present)
  • Prime Minister - Samson Kisekka, Prime Minister of Uganda (1986-1991)
• Zambia
  • President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kebby Musokotwane, Prime Minister of Zambia (1985-1989)
    2. Malimba Masheke, Prime Minister of Zambia (1989-1991)
• Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987-present)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • President - Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (1987-1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mohammad Hassan Sharq, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1988-1989)
    2. Sultan Ali Keshtmand, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1989-1990)
• Brunei
  • Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
• People's Republic of China
  • President - Yang Shangkun, President of the People's Republic of China (1988-1993)
  • Premier - Li Peng, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1987-1998)
  • Head of Communist Party -
    1. Zhao Ziyang, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1987-1989)
    2. Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1989-2002)
• India -
  • President - Ramaswamy Venkataraman, President of India (1987-1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Rajiv Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1984-1989)
    2. Vishwanath Pratap Sing, Prime Minister of India (1989-1990)
• Iran
  • Supreme Leader
    1. Ruhollah Khomeini, Supreme Leader of Iran (1979–1989)
    2. Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President
    1. Ali Khamenei, President of Iran (1981–1989)
    2. Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, President of Iran (1989–1997)
  • Prime Minister - Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Prime Minister of Iran (1981–1989)
• Japan
  • Monarch -
    1. Showa Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1926-1989)
    2. Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989-present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Noboru Takeshita, Prime Minister of Japan (1987–1989)
    2. Sosuke Uno, Prime Minister of Japan (1989)
    3. Toshiki Kaifu, Prime Minister of Japan (1989–1991)
• South Korea
  • President - Roh Tae-woo, President of the Republic of Korea (1988–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Kang Young-hoon, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (1988–1990)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
  • Prime Minister - Marich Man Singh Shrestha, Prime Minister of Nepal (1986-1990)
• Pakistan -
  • President - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (1988-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Benazir Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1988-1990)
• Philippines
  • President - Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines (1986-1992)
• Singapore
  • President - Wee Kim Wee, President of Singapore (1985-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1990)
• Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President - Lee Teng-hui, President of the Republic of China (1988-2000)
  • Premier -
    1. Yü Kuo-hwa, President of the Executive Yuan (1984-1989)
    2. Lee Huan, President of the Executive Yuan (1989-1990)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Sir Ninian Stephen, Governor-General of Australia (1982-1989)
    2. William George Hayden, Governor-General of Australia (1989-1996)
  • Prime Minister - Bob Hawke, Prime Minister of Australia (1983-1991)

• Fiji -
  • President - Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau, President of Fiji (5 December, 1987-16 December, 1993)
  • Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (5 December, 1987-2 June, 1992)

• New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952-present)
  • Governor-General - Paul Reeves, Governor-General of New Zealand (1985-1990)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. David Lange, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1984-1989)
    2. Geoffrey Palmer, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1989-1990)

• Tuvalu
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978-present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Tupua Leupena, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1986-1990)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Tomasi Puapua, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1981-1989)
    2. Bikenibeu Paeniu, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1989-1993)

Europe

• Albania -
  • First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor - Ramiz Alia, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1985-1991)
  • Head of State - Ramiz Alia, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1982-1991)
  • Premier - Adil Çarçani, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1982-1991)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes
    • François Mitterrand, President of France (1981–1995)
    • Joan Martí Alanis, Bishop of Urgell (1971–2003)
  • Head of Government - Josep Pintat-Solans, Executive Council President (1984–1990)
• Austria
  • President - Kurt Waldheim, Federal President of Austria (1986–1992)
  • Chancellor - Franz Vranitzky, Chancellor of Austria (1986–1997)
• Belgium
  • King - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1982-1992)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
  • Prime Minister - Poul Schlüter, Prime Minister of Denmark (1982-1993)
• Finland
  • President - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland, (1982-1994)
  • Prime Minister - Harri Holkeri, Prime Minister of Finland, (1987-1991)
• France -
  • President - François Mitterrand, President of France (1981-1995)
  • Prime Minister - Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France (1988-1991)
• Federal Republic of Germany -
  • President - Richard von Weizsäcker, President of the Federal Republic of Germany (1984-1994)
  • Chancellor - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1982-1998)
• German Democratic Republic -
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Erich Honecker, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971-1989)
    2. Egon Krenz, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1989)
    3. leading role of the party abolished, 3 December 1989.
  • Head of State -
    1. Erich Honecker, Chairman of the Council of State (1976-1989)
    2. Egon Krenz, Chairman of the Council of State (1989)
    3. Manfred Gerlach, Acting Chairman of the Council of State (1989-1990)
  • Premier -
    1. Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1976-1989)
    2. Hans Modrow, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1989-1990)
• Ireland -
  • President - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (1976-1990)
  • Prime Minister - Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1987-1992)
• Italy -
  • President - Francesco Cossiga, President of the Italian Republic (1985-1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ciriaco De Mita, Prime Minister of Italy (1988-1989)
    2. Giulio Andreotti, Prime Minister of Italy (1989-1992)
• Liechtenstein
  • Monarch -
    1. Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
    2. Hans Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Head of Government - Hans Brunhart, Head of Government (1978–1993)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
  • Prime Minister - Jacques Santer, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1984–1995)
• Malta
  • President -
    1. Paul Xuereb, Acting President of Malta (1987–1989)
    2. Censu Tabone, President of Malta (1989–1994)
  • Prime Minister - Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1987–1996)
• Monaco
  • Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
  • Head of Government - Jean Ausseil, Minister of State of Monaco (1985–1991)
• The Netherlands
  • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1982–1994)
• Norway -
  • Monarch - Olav V of Norway, King of Norway (1957-1991)
• Poland
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Wojciech Jaruzelski, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1981-1989)
    2. Mieczysław Rakowski, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1989-1990)
  • Head of State -
    1. Council of State, Chairman - Wojciech Jaruzelski, (1985-1989)
    2. Wojciech Jaruzelski, President of Poland (1989-1990)
  • Premier -
    1. Mieczysław Rakowski, President of the Council of Ministers (1988-1989)
    2. Czesław Kiszczak, President of the Council of Ministers (1989)
    3. Tadeusz Mazowiecki, President of the Council of Ministers (1989-1991)
• Romania
  • Communist Party Leader -
    1. Nicolae Ceauşescu (1965-25 Dec, 1989)
    2. Ion Iliescu (25 Dec, 1989-1996; 2000-present)
• San Marino
  • Captains Regent -
    1. Luciano Cardelli and Reves Salvatori (October 1988–March 1989)
    2. Mauro Fiorini and Marino Vagnetti (April 1989–September 1989)
    3. Gloriana Ranocchini and Leo Achilli (October 1989–March 1990)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ingvar Carlsson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1986–1991)
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council: Otto Stich, Jean-Pascal Delamuraz, Elisabeth Kopp (until 1989), Arnold Koller, Flavio Cotti, René Felber, Adolf Ogi, Kaspar Villiger (since 1989)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
  • Prime Minister - Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1979-1990)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978-2005)
  • Secretary of State - Agostino Cardinal Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1979-1990)

Middle East

• Egypt -
  • President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981-present)
  • Prime Minister - Atef Muhammad Naguib Sedki, Prime Minister of Egypt (1986-1996)
• Israel
  • President - Chaim Herzog, President of Israel (1983-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Yitzhak Shamir, Prime Minister of Israel (1986-1992)
• Oman - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970-)
• People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
  • President - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council (1986-1990)
  • Prime Minister - Yasin Said Numan, Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (1986-1990)
• Yemen Arab Republic
  • President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of the Yemen Arab Republic (1978-1990)
  • Prime Minister - Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic (1983-1990)

North America and the Caribbean

• Antigua and Barbuda -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981-present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Wilfred Jacobs, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1981-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Vere Cornwall Bird, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1981-1994)
• Bahamas -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973-present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Henry Milton Taylor, Governor-General of the Bahamas (1988-1992)
  • Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1967-1992)
• Barbados -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966-present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Hugh Springer, Governor-General of Barbados (1984-1990)
  • Prime Minister - Erskine Sandiford, Prime Minister of Barbados (1987-1994)
• Belize -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981-present)
  • Governor-General - Dame Minita Gordon, Governor-General of Belize (1981-1993)
  • Prime Minister - Manuel Esquivel, Prime Minister of Belize (1984-1989)
• Canada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1962-present)
  • Governor General - Jeanne Sauvé, Governor General of Canada (1984-1990)
  • Prime Minister - Brian Mulroney, Prime Minister of Canada (1984-1993)
• Cuba - Fidel Castro, President of Cuba (1976-present)
• El Salvador
  • President -
    1. José Napoleón Duarte, President of El Salvador (1984–1989)
    2. Alfredo Cristiani, President of El Salvador (1989–1994)
• Mexico - Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico (1988–1994)
• Trinidad and Tobago -
  • President - Noor Hassanali, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1987-1997)
  • Prime Minister - A.N.R. Robinson, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1986-1991)
• United States
  • Head of State/Government -
    1. Ronald Reagan, President of the United States (1981- January 20, 1989)
    2. George H.W. Bush, President of the United States (January 20, 1989-1993)

South America

• Bolivia -
  • President -
    1. Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President of Bolivia (1985-1989)
    2. Jaime Paz Zamora, President of Bolivia (1989-1993)
• Brazil -
  • President - José Sarney, President of Brazil (1985-1990)
• Chile - Augusto Pinochet, President (1974-1990)