Names of European cities in different languages
Most cities in Europe have different names in different languages. Some cities have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known different names for all major European cities. It also includes some smaller towns that are important because of their location or history.
This article also lists cities of Turkey, Cyprus, and all the republics of the former Soviet Union. A number of important Mediterranean Basin cities are also included.
This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any city is or was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in..."?.
| Contents: | Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
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A
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Aabenraa | Åbenrå (Swedish), Apenrade (German), Abenra - Абенра (Macedonian) |
| Aachen | Ahen - Ахен (Serbian, Macedonian), Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch), Akwizgran (Polish), Aquae Grani or Aquisgranum (Latin), Aquisgrà (Catalan), Āhene (Latvian), Aquisgrán (Spanish), Aquisgrana (Italian), Aquisgrano (Portuguese), Cáchy (Czech), Åxhe (Walloon), Oochen (Luxembourgish), Óche (local Ripuarian), Oche (Limburgish), Aachen (Bahasa Indonesia, German, Romanian, Swedish) |
| Aalst | Aalst (Dutch), Alost (French), Alst - Алст (Macedonian) |
| Aarhus | Århus (Danish, Swedish), Orhūsa (Latvian), Orhus - Орхус (Macedonian) |
| Abbeville | Abbatis Villa (Latin), Abbeville (French, Romanian), Abvil - Абвил (Macedonian) |
| Adjud | Adjud (Romanian), Egyedhalma (Hungarian), Adžud - Аџуд (Macedonian) |
| Aiud | Aiud (Romanian), Nagyenyed (Hungarian), Strassburg (German), Ajud - Ајуд (Macedonian) |
| Aix-en-Provence | Aix-en-Provence (French, Romanian), Aquae Sextiae (Latin), Ais (Occitan, Provençal) |
| Aix-les-Bains | Aix-les-Bains (French), Aquae Gratianae (Latin) |
| Ajaccio | Ajaccio (French), Aiacciu (Corsican), Aiaccio (Italian), Ajačio - Ајачио or Ažaksio - Ажаксио (Macedonian) |
| Albacete | Albacete (Bahasa Indonesia, Spanish), al-Basīt (Arabic), Albaset - Албасет (Macedonian) |
| Alba Iulia | Alba Iulia (Romanian), Apulum (Latin), Gyulafehérvár (Hungarian), Karlsburg (German), Weißenburg (former German), Alba Julija - Алба Јулија (Macedonian) |
| Alexandroupolis | Alessandropoli (Italian), Alexandroúpoli - Αλεξανδρούπολη (Greek), Alexandroúpolis - Αλεξανδρούπολις (Greek-Katharevousa), Alexandropolis (Dutch), Dedeağaç (Turkish), Aleksandrupolis - Александруполис (Macedonian) |
| Algeciras | Algeciras (Spanish), Algesires (Catalan), al-Jazīra (Arabic), Alhesiras - Алхесирас (Macedonian) |
| Alghero | Alghero (Italian), L'Alguer (Catalan), S'Alighera (Sardinian), Alguer (Spanish), Algero - Алгеро (Macedonian) |
| Alicante | Akra Leuke' - Ἄκρα Λευκή (Ancient Greek), Alacant (Catalan, Valencian), Alicante (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Alikantė (Lithuanian), Alikante (Latvian), al-Laqant (Arabic), Lucentum (Latin), Alikante - Аликанте (Macedonian) |
| Almaty | Alma-Ata - Алма Ата (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almata (Latvian, Lithuanian), Almaty (Kazakh), Almatë (Albanian) |
| Amścisłaŭ | Amścisłaŭ - Амсьціслаў or Mścisłaŭ - Мсьціслаў (Belarusian), Mścisław (Polish), Mstislavl - Мстиславль (Russian), Mstislavlis (Lithuanian) |
| Amsterdam | Amstardam (Irish), Amstardām (Arabic), Amsterdam - Амстердам (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, French, Italian, Polish, Macedonian, Serbian, Romanian, Catalan, Swedish, Turkish, Limburgish), Ámsterdam (Spanish), Amsterdama (Latvian), Amsterdamas (Lithuanian), Amsterdão (Portuguese), Amsterodam (Czech), Amszterdam (Hungarian), Aemstelredamme / Amstelredam (former Dutch), Amstelodamum (Latin), Mokum or Groot-Mokum (local slang) |
| Ankara | Ancara (Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English, former Italian, former Romanian), Ankara - Анкара (Armenian, Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Latvian, Macedonian, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Ágkyra - Άγκυρα (Greek), Anqara (Arabic) |
| Anklam | Anklam (German), Nakło nad Pianą (Polish), Anklam - Анклам (Macedonian) |
| Antioch | Antakya (Turkish), Antioche (French), Antiochia (German, Italian, Latin, Polish, Slovak), Antióchia - Αντιόχεια (Greek), Antióchia i epí Dáfni - Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη / Antióchia i epí Oróntu - Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου / Antióchia i Megáli - Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη (extended names in Greek), Antiochie (Czech), Antiochië (Dutch), Antioch-on-the-Orontes (extended name in English), Antiohia (Romanian), Antiokia (Bahasa Indonesia, Finnish, Swedish), Antioquía (Spanish), Antióquia (Portuguese), Antiohija - Антиохија (Macedonian) |
| Antwerp | Amberes (Spanish), Amvérsa - Αμβέρσα (Greek), Antuérpia (Portuguese), Antverpen (Estonian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Antverpenas (Lithuanian), Antverpene (Latvian), Antverpy (Czech, Slovak), Antwīrb (Arabic), Antwerpen (Dutch, Finnish, German, Swedish), Antwerpia (Polish), Anvers (French, Catalan, Romanian), Anversa (Italian), Anviesse (Walloon), Antverpeno (Esperanto), Antwerpe (local dialect, Limburgish), Antverpen - Антверпен (Macedonian) |
| Aquileia | Akwilea / Akwileja (Polish), Aquileia (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Aquileja (German), Oglej (Slovene), Akvileja - Аквилеја (Macedonian) |
| Archangel | Arcángel (Spanish),Archandělsk (Czech), Archangelsk (German), Archangelskas (Lithuanian), Arhangeļska (Latvian), Archangielsk (Polish), Arhanđel (Serbian), Arhanghelsk (Romanian), Arkangeli (Finnish), Arkhangel'sk (Russian) Sint-Michiel (Dutch), Arhangelsk - Архангелск (Macedonian) |
| Arlon | Arlon (French), Aarlen (Dutch), Arel (German), Arel (Luxembourgish), Arlon - Арлон (Macedonian) |
| Arnhem | Arnheim (German), Arnhem (Dutch, Polish), Arnhim (Frisian), Ernem (local dialect), Ārnhema (Latvian), Arnhem - Арнхем (Macedonian) |
| Arras | Arasu - アラス (Japanese), Arazzo (medieval Italian), Arras (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Atrecht (Dutch), Aras - Арас (Macedonian) |
| Aschaffenburg | Aschaffenburg (German), Aschaffenburgo (Spanish), Ašafenburg - Ашафенбург (Macedonian) |
| Ashkhabad | Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad / Aschgabad / Aschgabat (German), Ašgabat (Finnish), Aşgabat / Aşkabat (Turkish), Aşhabad (Romanian), Ašhabad (Serbian), Ašhabada (Latvian), Ashgabat (Turkmen), Ashkhabad (Russian), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aszchabad (Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic), Ašhabad - Ашхабад (Macedonian) |
| Assisi | Ascesi (medieval Italian), Asís (Spanish), Asisi (Romanian),Assis (Portuguese), Assise (French), Assisi (Dutch, German, Italian), Asyż (Polish), Asisi - Асиси (Macedonian) |
| Astana | Akmolinsk (Russian), Akmola (Finnish), Akmola (variant in Russian), Akmoła (former Polish), Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana - Астана (Kazakh, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, Macedonian, Serbian, Turkish), Tselinograd (former Russian) |
| Athens | Афины/Afíny (Russian), Афіни/Afiny (Ukrainian), An Aithin (Irish), Ateena (Estonian, Finnish), Aten (Norwegian, Swedish) Aten - אַטען (Yiddish), Atena (Bahasa Indonesia, Croatian, Romanian), Atėnai (Lithuanian), Atenas (Portuguese, Spanish), Atēnas (Latvian), Atene (Italian, Slovene), Atene - アテネ (Japanese), Atenes (Catalan), Atenk (Armenian) Atény (Czech, Slovak), Ateny (Polish), Athen (Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish, Welsh), Athén (Hungarian), Aþena (Icelandic), Athenae (Latin), Athene (Dutch, Limburgish), Athènes (French), Athény (alternative Czech), Athínai - Αθήνα (Greek), Atīnā (Arabic), Atina - Атина (Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Turkish) |
| Augsburg | Augsbourg (French), Augsburg (German, Polish, Catalan, Romanian), Augsburga (Latvian), Augsburgo (Spanish, Portuguese), Augšpurk / Aušpurk (Czech), Augusta (Italian), Augusta Vindelicorum (Latin), Oogsborg (Low Saxon), Avgústa - Αυγούστα (Greek), Augsburg - Аугсбург (Macedonian) |
| Avignon | Avenio (Latin), Avignon (French, Romanian), Avignone (Italian), Avinhão (Portuguese), Avinhon (Occitan, Provençal), Avinjon - Авињон (Serbian, Macedonian), Aviñón (Spanish), Aviņona (Latvian), Avinion (Polish), Anvinyó (Catalan) |
[edit]
B
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Bacău | Bacău (Romanian), Bakó (Hungarian) |
| Baia Mare | Baia Mare (Romanian), Frauenbach (German), Nagybánya (Hungarian), Neustadt (rarer German), Baja Mare - Баја Маре (Macedonian) |
| Bakhchisaray | Bağçasaray (Crimean Tatar), Bakhchisaray - Бахчисарай (Russian), Bakhchysarai - Бахчисарай (Ukrainian), Bahçesaray (Turkish), Bakczysaraj (Polish), Bahcisarai (Romanian), Bahčisaraj - Бахчисарај (Macedonian) |
| Baku | Bacu (Portuguese), Bakı (Azeri), Bakoe (Dutch), Bakou (French), Baku - Баку (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Macedonian, Serbian, Romanian, Latvian), Bākū (Arabic), Bakü (Turkish) |
| Bar (Montenegro) | Tivar (Albanian), Antivari (Italian), Bar - Бар (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian, Macedonian); Dioclea or Doclea (Latin; ancient city nearby), Duklja (Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian; same ancient city and mediæval state) |
| Barcelona | Barcellona (Italian), Barcelona (Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan, Polish, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Barcelone (French), Barcino (Latin), Barna (Spanish abbreviation), Baršalūna (Arabic), Barselona - Барселона (Armenian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Russian, Serbian, Macedonian, Turkish, Ukrainian), Varkelóni - Βαρκελώνη (Greek), Bårçulone (Walloon), Barcelone (Friulian) |
| Basel | Bâle (French), Basilea (Catalan, Italian, Romansh, Spanish), Basileia (Portuguese), Basilej (Czech), Basle (variant in English), Bazel - Базел (Dutch, Turkish, Serbian, Macedonian), Bázel (Hungarian), Bazel' (Russian, Ukrainian), Bazelis (Lithuanian), Bāzele (Latvian), Bāzil (Arabic), Bazilej (Slovak), Bazylea (Polish), Vasileía - Βασιλεία (Greek), Basel (Romanian, Swedish) |
| Bastia | Bastia (French), Bastìa (Corsican, Italian), Bastija - Бастија (Macedonian) |
| Bastogne | Bastogne (French, Romanian), Bastenaken (Dutch), Bastnach (German), Baaschtnech or Baastnech (Luxembourgish), Bastonj - Бастоњ (Macedonian) |
| Bath | Aquae Sulis (Latin), Baðum / Baðan / Baðon (Anglo-Saxon), Caerfaddon (Welsh) |
| Bautzen | Budyšin (Upper Sorbian), Budyšín (Czech, Slovak), Budyšyn (Lower Sorbian), Budziszyn (Polish), Baucen - Бауцен (Macedonian) |
| Będzin | Będzin (Polish), Bendin - Бендин (Russian), Bendin - בענדין (Yiddish), Bendzin (German) |
| Bela Crkva | Bela Crkva - Бела Црква (Serbian, Macedonian), Biała Cerkiew (Polish), Bílá Cerevek (Czech), Biserica Alba (Romanian), Fehértemplom (Hungarian) |
| Belfast | Béal Feirste (Irish), Bilfawst (Ulster Scots), Belfastas (Lituanian), Belfāsta (Latvian), Belffast (Welsh), Belfastium (Latin), Belfast - Белфаст(French, Romanian, Macedonian, Spanish, Turkish) |
| Belfort | Beffert (German), Befert (old German), Belfort - (French), Belfort - Белфорт (Macedonian) |
| Belgrade | Béalgrád (Irish), Bělehrad (Czech), Belehrad (Slovak), Belgrad - Белград(Armenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Turkish), Belgrád (Hungarian), Belgrada (Latvian), Belgradas (Lithuanian), Belgrade (French), Belgråde (Walloon), Belgrado (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Beograd (Croatian, Danish, Slovene), Beograd - Београд (Serbian), Bilġrād (Arabic), Bjelhrad (Ukrainian), Nándorfehérvár (former Hungarian), Singidunum (Latin), Veligrádi - Βελιγράδι (Greek), Griechisch-Weißenburg (old German, rare) |
| Bellinzona | Bellinzona (Dutch, German, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Bellinzone (French), Belincona - Белинцона (Macedonian) |
| Berat | Berat / Berati (Albanian), Albánský Bělehrad (Czech), Berat - Берат (Macedonian) |
| Berdychiv | Berdychiv - Бердичів (Ukrainian), Berdichev - Бердичев (Russian), Barditshev - באַרדיטשעװ (Yiddish), Berdyczów (Polish), Berdicev (Romanian), |
| Bergen (Norway) | Bergen (Norwegian, Romanian, Macedonian, Swedish), Bergenas (Lithuanian), Bergena (Latvian), Björgvin (Icelandic) |
| Berlin | Barlīn (Arabic), Barliń (Lower Sorbian), Beirlín (Irish), Berlien (Limburgish), Berliin (Estonian), Berliini (Finnish), Berlijn (Dutch), Berlim (Portuguese), Berlín (Catalan, Czech, Icelandic, Slovak, Spanish), Berlin (Russian, Armenian, Croatian, Danish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish, French, Walloon), Berlin - בערלין (Yiddish), Berlīne (Latvian), Berlino (Italian, Esperanto), Berlyn (Afrikaans, Frisian), Berlynas (Lithuanian), Berurin - ベルリン (Japanese), Verolíno - Βερολίνο (Greek) |
| Berne | Bern (Armenian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian), Berna (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Bernas (Lithuanian), Berne (French, Latvian), Berno (Polish), Vérni - Βέρνη (Greek) |
| Besançon | Besançon (French, Romanian, Turkish), Bisanz (old German), Vesontio (Latin), Bezanson - Безансон (Macedonian) |
| Białowieża | Biełavieža - Белавежа (Belarusian), Bělověž (Czech), Białowieża (Polish), Beloveža (Latvian) |
| Białystok | Białystok (Polish), Biełastok - Беласток (Belarusian), Balstogė (Lithuanian), Belostoka (Latvian), Belostok - Белосток (Russian), Bjalistoko (Esperanto), Byalistok - ביאַליסטאָק (Yiddish), Bjalistok - Бјалисток (Macedonian) |
| Biel/Bienne | Belenus (Latin), Biel (German), Bienne (French), Bil - Бил (Macedonian) |
| Biella | Biella (Italian), Bugella (Latin) |
| Bilbao | Bilbao - Билбао (Catalan, Spanish, Romanian, Macedonian, Latvian), Bilbau (Portuguese), Bilbo (Basque), |
| Bil'shivtsi | Bil'shivtsi - Більшівці (Ukrainian), Bol'shovtsy - Болшовцы (Russian), Bolszowce (Polish), Bolshvets - באָלשװעץ (Yiddish), Bilişăuţi (Romanian) |
| Birmingham | Бирмингем (Russian, Serbian, Macedonian), Birmingemas (Lithuanian), Birmingema (Latvian) |
| Bishkek | Bichkek (French), Bischkek (German), Biškek - Бишкек (Finnish, Macedonian, Serbian, Slovene), Bişkek (Romanian, Turkish), Biškekas (Lithuanian), Biškeka (Latvian), Biszkek (Polish); Frunze (former name) |
| Bischofswerda | Bischofswerda (German), Biskupice (Polish), Bišofsverda - Бишофсверда (Macedonian) |
| Bistriţa | Beszterce (Hungarian), Bistrica - Бистрица (Serbian, Macedonian), Bistriţa (Romanian), Bistritz (German), Bystrzyca (Polish) |
| Bitola | Битоля (Bulgarian), Manastir (Albanian, Turkish),Μοναστήρι - Monastiri (Greek),Bitolj/Битољ (Serbian) |
| Bologna | Bologna (Italian, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Bologne (French), Boloňa (Czech), Bolonha (Portuguese), Bolonia (Polish, Spanish), Bolonija (Lithuanian), Boloņa (Latvian), Bolonja - Болоња (Serbian, Macedonian), Bolonya (Catalan, Turkish) |
| Bouillon | Bouillon (French, Romanian), Bouyon (Walloon), Bujon - Бујон (Macedonian) |
| Bolzano | Bolzano (Italian, Romanian), Bozen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German), Bulsan or Balsan (Ladin), Bolğan or Bolzan (Friulian), Bulsaun (Romansh), Bolzanó (Hungarian), Bocen (Slovene, Serbian, Croatian), Боцен (Serbian Cyrillic), Pons Drusi or Bauzanum (Latin), Boltsano - בולצאנו (Hebrew), Mpoltsano - Μπολτζάνο (Greek), Bocenas (Lithuanian), Bolcāno (Latvian), Bol'tsano - Больцано (Russian), Bal'tsana - Бaльцанa (Belorussian), Bolcano - Болцано (Macedonian) |
| Bordeaux | Bordeaux (French, Romanian, Swedish), Bordèu (Gascon, Occitan, Provençal), Bordéus (Portuguese), Burdeus (Catalan), Bordo (Lithuanian, Latvian, Macedonian, Serbian), Bordö (Turkish) Bordozo (Esperanto), Burdeos (Spanish), Bordele (Basque), Burdigala (Latin) |
| Bonifacio | Bonifacio (French, Italian), Bunifaziu (Corsican), Bonifakjo - Бонифаќо (Macedonian) |
| Bonn | Bon (Serbian, Macedonian, Turkish), Bona (Lithuanian, Portuguese), Bonna (Latvian), Bonna or Castrum Bonnense (Latin), Vónni - Βόννη (Greek) |
| Botoşani | Botoşani (Romanian), Botosány (Hungarian), Botoszany (Polish), Botošani - Ботошани (Macedonian) |
| Braniewo | Braniewo (Polish), Braunsberg (German), Brus (Old Prussian), Branievo - Браниево (Macedonian) |
| Braşov | Braşov (Romanian), Brašov - Брашов (Serbian, Macedonian), Brašovas (Lithuanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Braszów (Polish), Corona (Latin), Kronstadt (German), Stephanoúpoli - Στεφανούπολη (Greek) |
| Bratislava | Bratislava - Братислава (Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian), Bratislava (Czech, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Braťislava or Požoma (Romani), Bratyslava - Братислава (Ukrainian), Bratysława (Polish), Pozsony (Hungarian), Presbourg (French till 1919), Pressburg (obsolete German), Prešpurk (Czech till 1919), Prešporok (Slovak till 1919) [Note: The name was officially changed from Pressburg / Prešporok / Pozsony to Bratislava in 1919; for a list of older names see Bratislava |
| Bratslav | Bracław (Polish), Bracłaŭ - Брацлаў (Belarusian), Breslov (Yiddish), Braclav - Брацлав (Macedonian) |
| Břeclav | Břeclav (Czech), Lundenburg (German), Brzecław (Polish), Bšeclav - Бшецлав (Macedonian) |
| Bremen | Bréma (Hungarian), Brema (Italian, Polish, Spanish), Brême (French), Bremen (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Frisian, German, Portuguese, Norwegian, Romanian, Serbian, Macedonian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Brėmenas (Lithuanian), Brēmene (Latvian), Brémy (Czech, Slovak), Brimarborg (Icelandic), Vrémi - Βρέμη (Greek) |
| Bremerhaven | Bremerhaven (German, Romanian), Brémský Přístav (Czech), Bremerhafen - Бремерхафен (Macedonian) |
| Brest (Belarus) | Bieraście - Берасьце (traditional Belarusian name), Brasta (Lithuanian), Bresta(Latvian), Brest (Romanian), Brest-Litovsk (former English, former Romanian, former Russian), Brześć Litewski (Polish), Brześć nad Bugiem (Polish 1918-1939); Lietuvos Brasta (former Lithuanian); Brisk - בריסק (Yiddish), Brest-Litovsk - Брест-Литовск (Macedonian) |
| Bristol | Briostó (Irish), Bristole (Latvian), Bryste (Welsh), Caerodor (Welsh (obsolete)), Bristol - Бристол (Macedonian) |
| Brno | Berno Morawskie (Polish), Brna (Romany), Brno (Czech, Latvian, Romanian, Serbian, Macedonian), Brnos (Romany), Brünn (German, Hungarian) |
| Brody | Brody (Polish, Russian, Ukrainian; spelled Броды in Russian and Броди in Ukrainian), Brod (Romanian), Brod - בראָד (Yiddish), Brodi - Броди (Macedonian) |
| Bruges | Briž (Serbian), Бриж (Macedonian), Bruges (French, Portuguese, Romanian, Luxembourgish), Brugge (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch), Brügge (Finnish, German), Bruggia (old Italian), Bruggy (Slovak), Brugia (Polish), Brugy (Czech), Bruixes (Catalan), Brujas (Spanish, Mediæval Portuguese), Bruj (Turkish), وبروج (Arabic), Briugė (Lithuanian), Brige (Latvian), Brögke (Limburgish), Brygge (Swedish) |
| Brunswick | Braunschweig (German, Slovene, variant in English), Braunšveiga (Latvian), Braunšvajg - Брауншвајг (Serbian, Macedonian), Brunšvik (Czech), Brunsvique (Portuguese), Brunswick (French, Italian, Romanian, Spanish), Brunswijk (Dutch), Brunszwik (Polish) |
| Bruntál | Bruntal (Polish), Bruntál (Czech), Freudenthal (German) |
| Brussels | An Bhruiséil (Irish), Bréissel (Luxembourgish), Brisel (Serbian), Брисел (Macedonian), Brisele (Latvian), Brisl - בריסל (Yiddish), Briuselis (Lithuanian), Bruksel (Armenian), Brüksel (Turkish), Bruksela (Polish), Brūksil (Arabic), Brusel (Czech, Slovak), Bruselj (Slovene), Brusela (Basque), Bruselas (Spanish), Brussel·les (Catalan), Brussel (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Norwegian), Brüssel (German), Brusselle (former Italian), Brüsszel (Hungarian), Bruxelas (Portuguese), Bruxelles (Danish, French, Italian, Romanian), Bryssel (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), Bryuksel (Bulgarian), Bryussel (Russian, Ukrainian), Vryxélles - Βρυξέλλες (Greek), Brussele (Walloon), Brössel (Limburgish), Brwsel (Welsh) |
| Brzesko | Brzesko (Polish), Brigl - בריגל (Yiddish) |
| Buchach | Buchach - Бучач (Ukrainian), Buczacz (Polish, Romanian), Betshotsh - בעטשאָטש (Yiddish), Bučač - Бучач (Macedonian) |
| Bucharest | Boekarest (Akriaans, Dutch), Búcairist (Irish), Bucarest (Catalan, French, Italian, Spanish), Bucareste (Portuguese), Bucureşti (Romanian), Bukarest (Danish, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Swedish), Bukareštas (Lithuanian), Bukareste (Latvian), Bukareszt (Polish), Bukharest (Russian, Ukrainian), Bükreş (Turkish), Bukurešt (Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian), Bukarešta (Slovene), Bukureshta (Romany), Bukurešť (Czech, Slovak), Būqārist (Arabic), Voukourésti - Βουκουρέστι (Greek), Boekares (Limburgish), Bwcarest (Welsh) |
| Buda (now part of Budapest) | Buda (Italian, Hungarian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Lithuanian, Latvian), Budín (Czech), Budin (Turkish), Ofen (German), Budim - Будим (Macedonian) |
| Budapest | Boedapest (Afrikaans, Dutch), Būdābist (Arabic), Búdaipeist (Irish), Budapest (Catalan, Italian, German, Hungarian, Spanish, Swedish), Budapesht (Armenian), Budapešt (Russian, Ukrainian), Budapešť (Czech, Slovak), Budapešta (Latvian, Bulgarian), Budapesta (Romanian), Budapeštas (Lithuanian), Budapeste (Portuguese), Budapeşte (Turkish), Budapeszt (Polish), Budimpešta (Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene, Serbian), Voudapésti - Βουδαπέστη (Greek), Ofenpest (former German), Boedapes (Limburgish), Bwdapest (Welsh), Peshta (Romany) |
| Buje | Buie d'Istria (Italian), Buje (Croatian, Slovene, Macedonian) |
| Burg Stargard | Burg Stargard (German), Stargard Meklemburski (Polish) |
| Bursa | Brousse (former French), Bursa (Romanian, Turkish, Macedonian), Prusa (Latin), Proúsa - Προύσα (Greek) |
| Butrint | Butrint / Butrinti (Albanian), Butrinto (Italian), Butrinto - Бутринто (Macedonian) |
| Buzet | Buzet (Croatian, Slovene, Macedonian), Pinguente (Italian) |
| Bydgoszcz | Bidgošča (Lithuanian), Bidgošć - Бидгошч (Serbian, Macedonian), Bromberg (German), Bydgostia (Latin), Bydgoszcz (Polish) |
| Bytom | Beuthen (German), Bytom (Polish), Bitom - Битом (Macedonian) |
| Bytów | Betowo (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Bütow (German), Bytów (Polish), Bitov - Битов (Macedonian) |
[edit]
C
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Cádiz | Cadice (Italian), Cádis (Portuguese), Cadis (Catalan) Cadix (French), Cádiz (Spanish), Cadiz (Romanian), Gades (Latin), Gadeira (Ancient Greek), Gadir (Phoenician), Kadyks (Polish), Kadiz (Serbian), al-Qādis (Arabic) |
| Cagliari | Cagliari (Italian, Romanian), Càller (Spanish, Catalan), Casteddu (Sardinian), Kaljari (Serbian) |
| Cairo | al-Qāhirah (Arabic) |
| Calais (France) | Kales (Dutch), Kalē (Latvian) |
| Cambrai | Kamerijk (Dutch), Kameriek (Limburgish) |
| Cambridge (England) | Caergrawnt (Welsh), Cantabrigia (Latin), Cantabrígia (Portuguese), Kembridž (Serbian), Kembridžas (Lithuanian), Kembridža (Latvian), Kembriĝo (Esperanto), Kemburijji - ケンブリッジ (Japanese) |
| Câmpulung Moldovenesc | Câmpulung Moldovenesc (Romanian), Moldvahosszúmező (Hungarian) |
| Canterbury | Caer-Cant (Saxon), Caergaint (Welsh), Cantorbéry (French), Cantuaria (Latin), Cantuária (Portuguese), Kantaraborg (Icelandic), Kenterberija (Latvian), Kantelberg (Dutch) |
| Carcassonne | Carcassona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan), Carcassonne (French), (Julia) Carcaso (Latin) |
| Cardiff | Caerdydd (Welsh, Irish), Kardif (Serbian), Kārdifa (Latvian), Ovicubium (Vulgar Latin) |
| Carlisle | Caerliwelydd (Welsh) |
| Carlsbad | Karlovi Vari (Bulgarian, Croatian, Romanian, Serbian), Karlovy Vary (Czech), Karlsbad (German, Swedish), Karlsbāde (Latvian),Karlowe Wary (Polish) |
| Cartagena | Cartagena (Catalan, Spanish, Portuguese), Cartagina (Romanian), Carthagène (French), Carthago Nova (Latin), Kartagina (Polish, Serbian), al-Qartājanna (Arabic) |
| Castelsardo | Castelsardo (Italian), Casteddu (Sardinian, Corsican), Castelgenovese (former Italian), Castillo Aragones (former Spanish), Castel Aragones (former Catalan) |
| Celje | Celeia (Latin), Celje (Slovene, Serbian), Celle (German), Cille (Hungarian), Cilli (older English (1911 EB), older German), Kelea (Celtic) |
| České Budějovice | Budweis (German, former English), Czeskie Budziejowice (Polish), České Budějovice (Czech, Slovak) |
| Český Těšín | Český Těšín (Czech), Czeski Cieszyn (Polish) |
| Cetinje | Cettigne (Italian), Cetinje (Serbian) |
| Chania | La Canée (French), Khaniá - Χανιά (Greek), La Canea (Catalan, Italian, Spanish), Hania (Romanian) |
| Charleroi | Charleroi (French, Romanian), Châlerwè / Tchålerwè (Walloon), Šarlruā (Latvian) |
| Cheb | Cheb (Czech), Eger (German) |
| Chełmno | Chełmno (Polish), Culm (variant in German), Kulm (German) |
| Chemnitz | Chemnitz (German, Romanian), Kamienica Saska (Polish, traditional, not used anymore), Kamjenica (Sorbian), Saská Kamenice (Czech); Karl-Marx-Stadt (German 1953-1990) |
| Chernivtsi | Cernăuţi (Romanian), Cernovicy (German, alternate transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic), Cernowitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Čérnivci (Ukrainian, 2nd most common Roman transliteration), Černivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Černovce (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovice (Czech/Slovak), Chernivci (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtsi - Чернівці (Ukrainian, commonest English transliteration), Chernovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Chernovicy (Yiddish, alternate Roman transliteration of the Russian Cyrillic form), Chernovits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Chernovitse (Yiddish, rare transliteration into Roman script of the Ukrainian Cyrillic transliteration), Chernovitsy (Ukrainian, Yiddish, rare alternate transliteration), Chernovitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Chernovtsy - Черновцы (Russian), Chernowitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Csernivci (Hungarian, alternate transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Csernovic (Hungarian), Csernyivci (Hungarian, transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Czernovicensia (Latin, ecclesiastical), Czerniowce (Polish), Czernovitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Czernowitz (German), Tchernowcy (Yiddish, transliteration from the Russian Cyrillic form), Tjernivtsi (Norwegian, Swedish, transliterated from the Ukrainian Cyrillic original), Tscherniwzi (German, transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic, from German version of 'Yurij Fedkovytsch Czernowitzer Nationaler Universität', i.e. 'Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University' website, 2005), Tschernovits (Yiddish, alternate trasliteration), Tschernowitz (German, archaic, non-standard form), Tshernevits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Tshernovits - טשערנאָוויץ (Yiddish, current standard transliteration) |
| Chernyakhovsk | Chernyakhovsk (Russian), Insterburg (German), Įsrutis (Lithuanian), Wystruć (Polish), Cernihovsk (Romanian) |
| Chester | Caerllion-ar-Dyfrdwy usually abbreviated to Caer (Welsh), Castra Devana or Deva (Latin) |
| Chişinău | Chisinau (Catalan, Portuguese), Chişinău (Romanian), Keshenev - קעשענעװ (Yiddish), Kischinew (German), Kishinev (former English), Kishinjov - Кишинёв (Russian), Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech), Kišiņeva (Latvian), Kišiniovas (Lithuanian), Kišinjev (Serbian), Kišiňov (Slovak), Kisinyov (Hungarian), Kisjenő (older Hungarian), Kiszyniów (Polish), Kyšyniv (Ukrainian), Kişinev (Turkish) |
| Chorzów | Chorzów (Polish), Królewska Huta (Polish, until 1934), Králova Huť (Czech), Königshütte (German) |
| Cieszyn | Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Těšín (Czech), Tešín (Slovak) |
| Clermont-Ferrand | Augustonemetum (Latin), Clarmont (Occitan, Provençal), Clermonte (Spanish) |
| Cleves | Cléveris (Spanish), Clèves (French), Kleef (Dutch), Kleve (German) |
| Cluj | Claudiopolis (Ecclesiastical Latin), Napoca (Classical Latin), Cluj-Napoca (Romanian, formal), Cluj (Romanian, informal), Klausenburg (German), Kluž (Czech, Slovak), Kluż (Polish), Kolozsvár (Hungarian) |
| Cobh | Queenstown, Cove (former English names), An Cóbh {Irish) |
| Coblenz | Coblença (Portuguese), Coblence (French), Coblenza (Italian, Spanish), Confluentes (Latin), Koblencja (Polish), Koblenz (German, Romanian, Slovene), Kueblenz (Luxembourgish) |
| Coburg | Cobourg (French), Coburg (German), Coburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Coimbra | Coimbra (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Coimbre (French), Conimbriga (Latin), Qulumriya (Arabic) |
| Colchester | Camulodunum (Latin), Camulodunon (British) |
| Cologne | Cologne (French), Colonia (Italian, Spanish), Colónia (Portuguese), Colònia (Catalan), Colonia Agrippina (Latin), Keln - Келн (Serbian), Keln - קעלן (Yiddish), Kelnas (Lithianian), Keulen (Dutch), Kjol'n (Russian, Ukrainian), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech), Kolín nad Rýnom (Slovak), Kölle (Kölsch [local dialect], Limburgish), Köln (Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Kolonía - Κολωνία (Greek), Kolonia (Polish), Ķelne (Latvian) |
| Comăneşti | Comăneşti (Romanian), Kománfalva (Hungarian) |
| Constanţa | Constanţa (Romanian), Küstendji (former Turkish), Konstanca (Hungarian, Polish) Constança (Brazilian Portuguese) |
| Copenhagen | Cóbanhávan (Irish), Copenaghen (Italian), Copenhaga (Portuguese, Romanian), Copenhague (Brazilian Portuguese, Catalan, French, Spanish), Hafnia (Latin), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic), Kobenhaven (Slovene), København (Danish, Norwegian), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic), Kodaň (Czech, Slovak), Kööpenhamina (Finnish), Kopengagen (Russian), Kopenhaagen (Estonian), Kopenhag (Turkish), Kopenhaga (Lithuanian, Polish), Kopenhagen - Копенхаген (Bulgarian, Serbian), Kopenhagen (Croatian, Dutch, German), Kopenhāgena (Latvian), Kopenhago (Esperanto), Köpenhamn (Swedish), Kopenkháyi - Κοπεγχάγη (Greek), Koppenhága (Hungarian) |
| Córdoba | Córdoba (Spanish), Cordoba (Romanian), Corduba (Latin), Cordoue (French), Còrdova (Catalan), Cordova (Italian, former Romanian), Córdova (Portuguese), Kordoba (Polish, Slovene), Kordova (Latvian), Qurtubah (Arabic) |
| Corfu | Corcira / Corfu (Portuguese, Romanian), Corcyra (Latin), Corfou (French), Corfù (Italian), Corfú (Catalan, Spanish), Kérkira - Κέρκυρα (Greek), Korfoe / Corfu (Dutch), Korfu (Finnish, German, Hungarian, Polish, Slovak, Swedish), Krf (Croatian, Slovene), Krf - Крф (Macedonian, Serbian) |
| Corinth | Corint (Catalan, Romanian), Corinthe (French), Corinto (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Korint (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Kórinta (Icelandic), Korinta (Latvian), Korintas (Lithuanian), Korinth (German, Swedish), Korinthe (Dutch), Kórinthos - Κόρινθος (Greek), Korintti (Finnish), Korynt (Polish) |
| Cork | Corc (Welsh), Corcaigh (Irish), Korka (Latvian) |
| Corte | Corte (French, Italian), Corti (Corsican) |
| Corunna | La Corogne (French), A Coruña (Galician), La Coruña (Spanish), La Coruna (Romanian), Corunha (Portuguese), La Corunya (Catalan, Serbian), Lakoruņa (Latvian) |
| Cottbus | Chociebuż (Polish), Chóśebuz (Sorbian), Chotěbuz (Czech) |
| Crécy | Crécy-en-Ponthieu (French), Kresčak (Czech) |
[edit]
D
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Daugavpils | Daugavpils (Estonian, Latvian, Romanian), Dźvinsk - Дзьвінск (Belarusian), Daugpilis (Lithuanian), Denenburg - דענענבורג (Yiddish), Dünaburg (former Estonian, German), Двинcк / Dvinsk (Russian), Dyneburg (Polish), Dźwińsk (former Polish variant) |
| Dãrmãneşti | Dãrmãneşti (Romanian), Dormánfalva (Hungarian) |
| Debrecen | Debrecen (Hungarian), Debrecín (Czech, Serbian), Debreţin (Romanian), Debreczin (German), Debreczyn (Polish) |
| Den Bosch | Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque (Spanish), Boscoducale (former Italian), Den Bos (Frisian), Den Bosch / 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Oeteldonk (colloquial Dutch, during Carnaval) Herzogenbusch (German), De Bos(j) (Limburgish) |
| Den Helder | Den Helder (Dutch, German), Le Helder (French) |
| Dijon | Digione (Italian), Dijon (French, Romanian), Diviodunum (Latin), Dižona (Latvian) |
| Dillingen | Dilinga (Spanish), Dillingen (German) |
| Dniprodzerzhynsk | formerly Kamenskoye (English), Kamenskoe (German), Dniprodzerzhyns'k (Дніпродзержинськ - Ukrainian) |
| Domažlice | Domažlice (Czech), Taus (German) |
| Donetsk | Doneţk (Romanian), Donetsk (Russian), Donetskas (Lithuanian), Doņecka (Latvian), Donezk (German), Donieck (Polish), Donjeck (Serbian); Stalino (former name), Yuzovka (former name) |
| Dover | Douvres (French), Doveris (Lithuanian), Duvra (Latvian), Dover (Romanian) |
| Drachhausen | Drachhausen (German), Hochoza (Lower Sorbian) |
| Dresden | Dresden (Portuguese, German, Swedish), Drážďany (Czech, Slovak), Dresda (Italian, variant in Portuguese, Romanian), Dresde (French, Spanish), Drésdi - Δρέσδη (Greek), Drezda (Hungarian), Drezden (Serbian), Drezdenas (Lithuanian), Drezdene (Latvian), Drezno (Polish), Drježdźany (Lower Sorbian) |
| Drobeta-Turnu Severin | Drobeta-Turnu Severin (official Romanian), Turnu Severin (former Romanian), Szörényvár (Hungarian) |
| Drohiczyn | Drohiczyn (Polish), Darahičyn - Дарагічын (Belarusian), Drohičinas (Lithuanian) |
| Drohobycz | Drobitsh - דראָביטש (Yiddish), Drogobych (Russian), Дрогобич/Drohobych (Ukrainian), Drohobycz (German, Polish) |
| Dublin | Baile Átha Cliath (Irish), Dubh Linn (archaic Irish variant), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian, Turkish), Dhuvlíno - Δουβλίνο (Greek), Dublim (Portuguese), Dublin (Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Dublín (Catalan, Spanish), Dublina (Latvian), Dublinas (Lithuanian), Dublino (Italian), Dulenn (Breton), Dulyn (Welsh), Dyflinni (Icelandic),Bail'-Ath-Cliath (Scots Gaelic) |
| Dubrovnik | Dubrovnic (Romanian), Dubrovnik (Brazilian Portuguese, Croatian, Serbian, Albanian, Swedish, Turkish), Dubrovnikas (Lithuanian), Ragusa (Italian, former Romanian), Raguse (old French), Dubrownik (Polish), Ragúsa - Ραγούσα, along with the official name (Greek) |
| Dún Laoghaire | Kingstown (former English) |
| Dunkirk | Dhunkérki - Δουνκέρκη (Greek), Duinkerken (Dutch), Dunkerque (French, Romanian), Dunkierka (Polish), Dünkirchen (German), Dunquerque (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Duunkèrke (Limburgish) |
| Durrës | Durrës (Albanian, Romanian), Dhirrákhio - Δυρράχιο (Greek), Epidamnos (Ancient Greek), Dyrrhachium (Latin), Durazzo (Italian), Durŭs - Дуръс, historically Drach Драч (Bulgarian), Dıraç - (Turkish), Drač (Croatian, Czech, Serbian) |
| Dushanbe | Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe (Finnish, Latvian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Tajik), Dušanbė (Lithuanian, Serbian), Duşanbe (Romanian, Turkish), Dūšānbī (Arabic), Duschanbe (German), Dusjanbe (Swedish), Duszanbe (Polish); Hissar (former name); Stalinabad (former name) |
| Düsseldorf | Diuseldorfas (Lithuanian), Dizeldorf - Дизелдорф (Serbian), Dīzeldorfa (Latvian), Düsseldorf (Brazilian Portuguese, Estonian, German, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Dusseldórfia (Portuguese), Dusseldorp (Dutch), Dusseldörp (Limburgish) |
[edit]
E
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Edinburgh | Caeredin (Welsh), Dún Éideann (Irish), Dùn Èideann (Scots Gaelic), Edinburrie (Scots), Edhimvúrgho - Εδιμβούργο (Greek), Edinborg (Icelandic), Edimbourg (French), Edimburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Edinburg (Catalan, German [rare], Serbian, Romanian), Edinburga (Latvian), Edinburgas (Lithuanian), Edinburk (Czech), Edynburg (Polish) |
| Edirne | Adhrianúpoli - Αδριανούπολη (Greek), Adrianopel (German), Adrianopla (Portuguese), Adrianople (former English), Adrianopol (Polish, Romanian, Slovak), Adrianopole (Romanian), Adrianopoli (Italian, Finnish), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch), Adrianópolis (Spanish), Drinápoly (Hungarian), Drinopol (variant in Czech and Slovak), Hadrianople (variant in English), Hadrianopolis (Latin), Jedrine (Serbian), Odrin (Bulgarian), Uskudama (Thracian), Adrianopojë, Εdrene (Albanian) |
| Eger | Eger (Hungarian), Eğri (Turkish), Erlau (German), Jager (Czech), Jáger (Slovak), Jagier (former Polish) |
| Eisenhüttenstadt | Eisenhüttenstadt (German), Żelazowa Huta (Polish), Stalinstadt (former German) |
| Elbląg | Elbiąg (local Polish dialect), Elbląg (Polish), Elbing (German), Ilfing or Truso (Old Prussian) |
| Ełk | Ełk (Polish), Lyck (German) |
| Elsinore | Elseneur (French), Elsinor (Spanish, Romanian), Elsinore (Italian), Helsingør (Danish), Helsingör (Finnish, German, Swedish) |
| Emmerich | Emmerich (German), Emmerik (Dutch) |
| Erlangen | Erlangen (German), Erlanky (Czech) |
| Espoo | Espoo (Estonian, Finnish), Esbo (Swedish) |
| Esztergom | Esztergom (Hungarian), Eštergon (Serbian), Gran (German), Ostřihom (Czech), Ostrihom (Slovak), Ostrzyhom (Polish), Estergon (Turkish), Strigoniu (Romanian), Solva / Strigonium (latin) |
| Eupatoria | Kezlev (Crimean Tatar), Yvpatoriya - Євпаторія (Ukrainian), Yevpatoriya - Евпатория (Russian), Eupatoria (Polish, Romanian) |
| Eupen | Eupen (German, French, Dutch), Néau (French, archaïc), Neyow (Walloon), Naowe / Naouwe (Walloon, medieval spellings) |
[edit]
F
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Flensburg | Flensborch (Low Saxon), Flensborg (Danish), Flensburg (German, Romanian, Swedish) |
| Florence | Firenca (Croatian, Serbian), Firence (Slovene), Firenze (Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Italian), Flórans (Irish), Floransa (Turkish), Florença (Portuguese), Florència (Catalan), Florencia (Slovak, Spanish), Florencie (Czech), Florencija (Lithuanian), Florencja (Polish), Florens (Swedish), Florenţa (Romanian), Florenz (German), Florence (French, Latvian), Florance (Walloon), Florentía - Φλωρεντία (Greek) |
| Flushing | Flesinga (Spanish), Flessinga (Italian), Flessingue (French), Vlissingen (Dutch) |
| Fort Augustus | Cille Chumein (Scots Gaelic) |
| Frankfurt am Main | Francfort (Catalan), Fráncfort del Meno (Spanish), Francfort-sur-le-Main (French), Francoforte sobre o Meno (Portuguese), Francoforte sul Meno (Italian), Frankfort aan de Main (Dutch, Limburgish), Frankfurt am Main (German), Frankfurt na Majni (Serbian, Slovene), (Main Kıyısında ki) Frankfurt (Turkish), Frankfurt nad Menem (Polish), Frankfurt nad Mohanem (Czech), Frankfurt nad Mohanom (Slovak), Frankfurt pe Main (Romanian), Frankfurte pie Mainas (Latvian), Frankfurtas prie Maino (Lithuanian), Frankfúrti - Φρανκφούρτη (Greek), Majnafrankfurt (former Hungarian) |
| Frankfurt an der Oder | Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish), Francfort-sur-l'Oder (French), Francoforte sobre o Óder (Portuguese), Francoforte sull'Oder (Italian), Frankfurt an der Oder (German), Frankfurtas prie Oderio (Lithuanian), Frankfurt nad Odrą (Polish), Frankfurt nad Odrou (Slovak, Czech), (Oder Kıyısında ki) Frankfurt (Turkish), Frankfurt na Odri (Serbian, Slovene), Frankfurt pe Oder (Romanian), Frankfurte pie Oderas (Latvian), Oderafrankfurt (older Hungarian) |
| Freiburg | Frajburg (Serbian), Freiburg im Breisgau (German), Freiburga (Latvian), Fribourg-en-Brisgovie (French), Friburgo di Brisgovia (Italian), Fryburg (Polish) |
| Freising | Brižinje/Brižine (Slovene), Freising (German), Frisinga (Italian, Spanish), Frisingue (French) |
| Fribourg | Freiburg im Üechtland (German), Fribourg (French), Friburg (Catalan, Romansh), Friburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Fryburg (Polish) |
| Frombork | Frauenburg (German), Frombork (Polish) |
[edit]
G
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Gallipoli | Galipolis (Lithuanian), Galipolje (Croatian, Serbian), Gallipoli (Italian, Romanian), Gelibolu (Turkish), Kalípolis - Καλλίπολις (Greek) |
| Galway | Gaillimh (Irish), Galvia (Latin) |
| Gdańsk | Dancka (older Hungarian), Danţig (older Romanian), Dants - דאַנץ (Yiddish), Dantsic (older English), Dantzig (Afrikaans, former Dutch), Danzica (Italian), Danzig (German), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdańsk (Polish), Gdansk (Romanian), Gdanjsk (Serbian), Gdaņska (Latvian), Gdanskas (Lithuanian), Gduńsk (Kashubian), Gedania (Latin), Gydanysc (Cymraeg) |
| Gdynia | Gdiņa (Latvian), Gdingen (former Dutch, German), Gdiniô (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Gdyně (Czech), Gdynė (Lithuanian), Gdynia (Polish, Romanian), Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945) |
| Geneva | Cenevre (Turkish), Djeneve (Walloon), Genebra (Portuguese), Geneva (Romanian), Geneve / Genève (Afrikaans, Armenian, Dutch, Swedish), Geneve (Finnish), Genève (French), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa (Polish), Genf (Estonian, German, Hungarian), An Ghinéiv (Irish), Ginebra (Catalan, Spanish), Ginevra (Italian), Jenewa (Bahasa Indonesia), Jinīf (Arabic), Yenévi - Γενεύη (Greek), Ženeva (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian), Ženēva (Latvian), Zjenaef (Limburgish), Zhenevë (Albanian) |
| Genoa | Cenova (Turkish), Đenova (Serbian), Dženova (Latvian), Gênes (French), Gènova (Catalan), Genova (Finnish, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Génova / Gênova (Portuguese), Génova (Spanish), Genua (Dutch, German, Latin, Polish, Swedish), Genuja (Lithuanian), Gjenova (Albanian), Janov (Czech, Slovak), Yénova - Γένοβα (Greek), Zena (Genoese) |
| Ghent | Gand (French, Portuguese), Gandawa (Polish), Gante (Spanish), Gaunt (older English), Gent (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Romanian, Swedish), Ģente (Latvian), Guanto (old Italian) |
| Gibraltar | Cebelitarık (Turkish), Gibilterra (Italian), Gibraltar (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Gibraltaras (Lithuanian), Gibraltārs (Latvian), Jabal-Tarīq (Arabic) |
| Girona | Gerona (Romanian, Spanish), Gérone (French), Girona (Catalan, Portuguese) |
| Gjirokastër | Gjirokastër / Gjirokastra (Albanian definite/indefinite), Argirocastro (Italian), Aryirókastro - Αργυρόκαστρο (Greek), Ergiri (Turkish) |
| Glarus | Glaris (French), Glarona (Italian), Glaruna (Romansh), Glarus (German) |
| Glastonbury | Glaistimbir / Glaistimbir na nGael / Gloineistir (Irish) |
| Glasgow | Glaschú (Irish), Glaschu (Scots Gaelic), Glāzgova (Latvian) |
| Gliwice | Gleiwitz (German), Gliwice (Polish) |
| Gloucester | Glevum (Latin) Caerloyw (Welsh) |
| Głogów | Glogau (German), Glogov (Serbian), Glogova (Lithuanian), Glogovia (Latin), Głogów (Polish), Hlohov (Czech) |
| Gmünd | Cmunt (Czech), Gmünd (German) |
| Gorizia | Gorica (Romanian, Slovene, Serbian), Gorizia (Italian), Görz (German), Gurize (Friulian) |
| Görlitz | Görlitz (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Zgorzelec (Polish), Zhořelec (Czech), Zhorjelc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Gothenburg | Gautaborg (Icelandic), Gēteborga (Latvian), Gioteburgas (Lithuanian), Göteborg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Gøteborg (Norwegian), Göteburg (Turkish), Gotemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg (Afrikaans, Dutch, former German, former Polish) |
| Göttingen | Getynga (Polish), Göttingen (Turkish), Getynky (Czech), Gœttingue (French), Gotinga (Spanish, Portuguese), Gottinga (Italian), Göttinga (medieval Hungarian) |
| Gramzow | Gramzow (German), Grębowo (Polish) |
| Granada | al-Ġarnāda (Arabic), Granada (Catalan, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish), Grenade (French) |
| Graz | Grác (Hungarian, Serbian), Grāca (Latvian), Gradec (Slovene), Graz (German, Romanian), Grodziec (Polish), Štýrský Hradec (Czech) |
| Greifswald | Greifswald (Afrikaans, Dutch, French, German), Gryfia (Polish) |
| Grenoble | Grasanòbol (Occitan), Grenoble (French, Italian, Romanian) |
| Groningen | Greuninge (Limburgish), Grins (Frisian), Groninga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Groningen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Groningue (French), Grönnen / Grunnen / Grunn'n (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames) |
| Grozny | Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name), Groznas (Lithuanian), Groznîi (Romanian), Groznija (Latvian), Groznyj - Грозный (Russian), Grozni (Turkish) |
| Grudziądz | Graudenz (German), Grudziądz (Polish) |
| Günzburg | Günzburg (German), Gunzburgo (Spanish) |
| Gusev | Gąbin (Polish), Gumbinė (Lithuanian), Gumbinnen (German), Gusev - Гусев (Russian) |
| Győr | Győr (Hungarian), Raab (German), Ráb (Czech) |
[edit]
H
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Haderslev | Hadersleben (German), Haderslev (Danish) |
| Hamburg | Amburgo (Italian), Amvúrgho - Αμβούργο (Greek), Gamburg - Гамбург (Russian), Hamborg (Danish), Hambourg (French), Hamburch (Frisian, Low Saxon), Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburg (Afrikaans, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Hamburga (Latvian), Hamburgas (Lithuanian), Hamburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Hamburk (Czech), Hampuri (Finnish) |
| Hämeenlinna | Hämeenlinna (Estonian, Finnish), Tavastehus (Swedish) |
| Hamelin | Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Hamelín (Spanish), Hameln (German) |
| Hanau | Hanau (German, Romanian), Hanava (Czech) |
| Hanover | Anóvero - Αννόβερο (Greek), Ganover - Гановер (Russian), Hannover (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Italian, Swedish, Turkish)), Hanôver (Portuguese), Hanóver (Spanish), Hanovera (Latvian), Hanoveris (Lithuanian), Hanovra (Romanian), Hanovre (French), Hanower (Polish), Hanôve (Walloon) |
| Hasselt | Hasselt (Dutch, French, Limburgish, Romanian), Hasse / Hasque / Hassèl (Walloon), |
| Heerlen | Heerlen (Dutch), Coriovallum (Latin), Heële (local Limburgish) |
| Heligoland | Helgoland (German, Polish, Romanian), Heligolândia (Portuguese), Dät Luun (North Frisian) |
| Helsinki | Elsínki - Ελσίνκι (Greek), Helsingfors (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish), Helsingforsia (former Latin name), Helsingi (Estonian), Helsingia (Latin), Hel'sinki (Russian, Ukrainian), Helsinki (Finnish, German, Italian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish), Helsinkis (Lithuanian), Helsinky (Czech), Helsinque (Brazilian Portuguese), Helsínquia (Portuguese), Chielsynki - Хельсынкі (Belarusian) Helsset (North Sami), Helzinki - Хелзинки (Bulgarian), Hilsīnkī (Arabic), Stadi and Hesa (Slangi) |
| Heraklion | Càndia (Catalan), Candia (Italian, Spanish), Cândia/Heráclion (Portuguese), Candie (old French), Héraklion (French), Iraklio - Ηράκλειο (Greek), Iraklion (Polish, Serbian, Romanian), Kandiye (Turkish) |
| 's Hertogenbosch | 's Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Bois-le-Duc (French), Boscoducale (Italian), De Bos(j) (Limburgish) |
| Homyel' | Homiel = Гомель (Belarusian), Gomel' (Russian), Homl - האָמל (Yiddish), Homel (Polish), Homiel (Romanian) |
| Hoyerswerda | Hoyerswerda (German), Wojerecy (Sorbian) |
| Hrodna | Harodnia - Гародня (original Belarusian), Gardinas (Lithuanian), Grodņa (Latvian), Grodno (Polish, Romanian, Russian), Grodne - גראָדנע (Yiddish), Гродно/Hrodno (Ukrainian) |
| Hum | Hum (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian), Colmo (Italian) |
| Huy | Huy (French), Hoei (Dutch), Hu (Walloon) |
[edit]
I
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Iaşi | Iaşi (Romanian), Iasó - Ιασώ (Greek), Iassy (former French), Jászvásár (old Hungarian), Jassy (German, Polish, former English), Yaş (Turkish) |
| Iglesias | Iglesias (Italian, Romanian, Spanish), Igresias (Sardinian), Villa di Chiesa (former Italian), Is Cresias (former Sardinian), Esglesies or Iglesies (Catalan) |
| Iisalmi | Iisalmi (Finnish), Idensalmi (Swedish) |
| Iraklion | See Heraklion |
| Innsbruck | Innsbruck (German, Romanian), Inomost (Old Slovene), Inomostí / Inšpruk (Czech), Insbruka (Latvian), Insbrukas (Lithuanian), Insbruque (Portuguese), Inzbruk (Serbian) |
| Ioannina | Giannina (Italian), Ianina (Aromanian, Romanian), Ioannina (Finnish), Ioánnina - Ιωάννινα (Greek), Janinë / Janina (Albanian), Yánena - Γιάννενα/Yánina - Γιάννινα (Greek variants), Yanya (Turkish) |
| İskenderun | Aleksandretta (Polish), Alessandretta (Italian), Alexandreta (Portuguese, Romanian), Alexandretta (variant in English, German), Alexandrétta - Αλεξανδρέττα (Greek), Alexandrette (variant in French, German), Iskandarūn - إسكندرون (Arabic), (al-)Iskandariya (former Arabic), İskenderiye (Turkish until 1939), İskenderun (Dutch, German, Turkish), Scanderoon (former variant in English) |
| Istanbul | Bolis (Armenian), Estambul (Spanish), Istambul (Croatian, Italian, Portuguese), Istanboel (Dutch), Istanbūl (Arabic), Istanbuł / Stambuł (Polish), Istanbul (French, Romanian, Serbian, Slovenian), İstanbul (Turkish), Isztambul (Hungarian), Κωνσταντινούπολις / Konstantinúpolis Η Πόλη/I Poli (i.e. The City) (Greek), Mikligarður (Icelandic), Stamboll (Albanian), Stambul (Russian, Ukrainian), Stambula (Latvian), Stambulas (Lithuanian)
|
| Ivano-Frankivsk | Івано-Франківськ/Ivano-Frankivs'k (Ukrainian), Ивано-Франковск/Ivano-Frankovsk (Russian), Ivano-Frankovskas (Lithuanian), Iwano-Frankiwsk (German), Stanislau (former German), Станиславов/Stanislavov (former Russian), Stanislavovas (former Lithuanian), סטאַניסלעװ/Stanislev (Yiddish), Stanisławów (former Polish), Станиславів/Stanyslaviv (former Ukrainian) |
| Izmir | Esmirna (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), İzmir (Turkish), Izmir (Armenian, Romanian, Serbian), Izmira (Latvian), Smirna (former Serbian, former Romanian), Smirne (Italian), Σμύρνη / Smýrni (Greek), Smyrna (variant in English) |
[edit]
J
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Jablonec nad Nisou | Gablonz (German), Jablonec nad Nysą (Polish) |
| Jakobstad | Jakobstad (Swedish), Pietarsaari (Estonian, Finnish) |
| Jarosław | Jaroslau (German), Jarosław (Polish), Yareslev - יאַרעסלעװ (Yiddish), Yaroslav (Russian) |
| Jena | Iéna (French), Iena (Romanian), Jena (German) |
| Jerusalem | Gerusalemme (Italian), Hierusalem (Latin), Ierusalim (Romanian), Ierusalím - Ιερουσαλήμ or Ierosólima - Ιεροσόλημα (Greek), Ierusalim - Иерусалим (Russian), Jerozolima (Polish), Jerusalem (Danish, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Spanish, Swedish), Jerusalém (Portuguese), Jeruusalemm (Estonian), Jeruzalem (Croatian, Dutch, Polish, Slovak, Slovene), Jeruzalém (Czech), Jeruzalė (Lithuanian), Jeruzāleme (Latvian), Jeruzsálem (Hungarian), Jérusalem (French), Yerusaghem (Armenian), Yərušaláyim - יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Hebrew), Yərûšəlem - יְרוּשְׁלֶם (Aramaic), al-Quds - القُدس (Arabic), Єрусалим (Ukrainian), Kudüs (Turkish) |
| Jihlava | Iglau (German), Jihlava (Czech) |
| Jurbarkas | Jurbarkas (Lithuanian), Georgenburg (German), Yurburg (Yiddish) |
[edit]
K
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Kajaani | Kajaani (Finnish), Kajana (Swedish) |
| Kaliningrad | Kaliningrad - Калининград (Polish, Romanian, Russian, Swedish), Kaļiņingrada (Latvian), Kalininhrad - Калінінград (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Karalaviec - Каралявец (former Belarusian), Kaliningrado (Spanish, Portuguese), Kalinjingrad (Croatian, Serbian), Kaljinjingrad - Каљињинград (Serbian), Karaliaučius (Lithuanian), Kenigsberg קעניגסבערג (Yiddish), Keunigsbarg (Low Saxon), Koningsbergen (Dutch), Königsberg (German), Konigsberga (Old Portuguese), Královec (Czech), Królewiec (former Polish), Kalinyingrád/Königsberg (Hungarian) |
| Kamenz | Kamenz (German), Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Kamianets-Podilskyi | Camenecium (Latin), Cameniţa (Romanian), Kamenets קאַמענעץ (Yiddish), Kamenets-Podol'skiy - Каменец-Подольский (Russian), Kamieniec Podolski (Polish), Kam"yanets'-Podil's'kyy - Кам’янець-Подільський (Ukrainian) |
| Kandalaksha | Kandalaksha - Кандалакша (Russian), Kannanlahti / Kantalahti (Finnish) |
| Kartuzy | Karthaus (German), Kartuzy (Polish) |
| Katowice | Katovicai (Lithuanian), Katovice (Czech, Hungarian, Latvian, Romanian, Serbian), Katoviçe (Turkish), Katowice (Polish), Kattowitz (German); Stalinogród (Polish 1953-1956) |
| Kaunas | Kauen (German), Kauņa (Latvian), Kaunas (Lithuanian, Romanian, Serbian, Swedish), Koŭna - Коўна (Belarusian), Kovne - קאָװנע (Yiddish), Kovno (Czech), Kovno - Ковно (Russian), Kowno (Polish) |
| Kazan | Casan (Latin), Kasan (German), Kazań (Polish), Kazaņa (Latvian), Qazan (Tatar) |
| Kem | Kem' - Кемь (Russian), Kemi or Vienan Kemi (Finnish) |
| Kemi | Giepma (Northern Sami) |
| Kerch | Kerç (Crimean Tatar), Kerch - Керч (Ukrainian), Kerch - Керчь (Russian), Kercz (Polish), Kerci (Romanian), Kertš (Finnish) |
| Kętrzyn | Kętrzyn (Polish), Rastenburg (German) |
| Kharkiv | Charkov (Czech, Slovak), Charkovas (Lithuanian), Charków (Polish), Harkov (Romanian, Serbian), Harkova (Finnish, Latvian), Hárkovo - Χάρκοβο (Greek), Karkov (Turkish), Kharkiv - Харків (Ukrainian), Khar'kov - Харьков (Russian) |
| Kiel | Kiel (Estonian, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Ķīle (Latvian), Kilonia (Polish), Kylis (Lithuanian), Quília (Portuguese) |
| Kielce | Kelts - קעלץ (Yiddish), Kel'tsy - Кельцы (Russian), Kielce (Polish) |
| Kiev | Kænugarður (Icelandic), Kiëv (Dutch), Kiev (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish) Kiev - קיִעװ (Yiddish), Kijeŭ - Кіеў (Belarusian), Kíevo - Κίεβο (Greek), Kiew (German), Kiiev (Estonian), Kijev (Croatian, Hungarian, Serbian, Slovene), Kijeva (Latvian), Kijevas (Lithuanian), Kijów (Polish), Kiova (Finnish), Kiyev - Киев (Russian), Kīyif (Arabic), Kyjev (Czech, Slovak); Kyyiv - Київ (Ukrainian), Qiyov - קיוב (Hebrew), Chiu ([very] old Romanian) |
| Kirovohrad | Kirovgrado (Portuguese, Spanish); Yelizavetgrad (former name) |
| Kilkenny | Cill Chainnigh (Irish) |
| Kiruna | Giron (Sami), Kiiruna (Finnish), Kiruna (Swedish) |
| Klagenfurt | Celovec (Czech, Slovene), Klagenfurt (German, Romanian), Želanec (alternative Czech name) |
| Klaipeda | Klaipeda (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian), Klaipēda (Latvian), Klaipėda (Lithuanian), Klajpeda (Belarusian), Kłajpeda (Polish), Meemel (former Estonian), Memel (German), Mēmele (former Latvian) |
| Kobarid | Caporetto (Italian, Romanian), Kobarid (Slovene), Cjaurêt (Friulian) |
| Kolkwitz | Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian), Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German) |
| Kolomyya | Colomeea (Romanian), Kilemey - קילעמײ (Yiddish), Kolomea (German), Kołomyja (Polish), Kolomyya - Коломия (Ukrainian) |
| Komotini | Gümülcine (Turkish), Komotini - Κομοτηνή (Greek) |
| Kondopoga | Kondopoga - Кондопога (Russian), Kontupohja (Finnish) |
| Konstanz | Constance (French, variant in English), Constança/Constância (Portuguese), Constanţa (Romanian), Costanza (Italian), Konstanca (Serbian), Konstancja (Polish), Köstence (Turkish), Kostnice (Czech), Konstántza - Κωνστάντζα (Greek) |
| Köpenick | Köpenick (German), Kopník (Czech) |
| Koper | Capodistria (Italian), Kopar (Croatian, Serbian), Koper (Slovene), Cjaudistre (Friulian) |
| Korçë | Korçë / Korça (Albanian definite/indefinite), Koritsa - Κορυτσά (Greek) |
| Kortrijk | Kortrijk (Dutch), Kortryk (Afrikaans) Courtrai (French, Romanian), Kortriek (Limburgish) |
| Košice | Cassovia (Latin), Kaschau (German), Kasha (Romany), Kassa (Hungarian), Košice (Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Koshytsi - (old Ukrainian) Koszyce (Polish), Caşovia (old Romanian) |
| Kosovo Polje | Fushë Kosova (Albanian), Amselfeld (German), Câmpia Mierlei (Romanian), Champ des merles (French), Kosovo Polje (Serbian), Kosowe Pole (Polish), Kosifopédhio - Κοσσυφοπέδιο (Greek), Merelveld (Afrikaans, Dutch), Rigómező (Hungarian) |
| Kotor | Cattaro (Italian), Kotor (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Kovel | Kovel' - Ковель (Russian, Ukrainian), Kowel (Polish), Kovl - קאָװל (Yiddish) |
| Kraków | Cracow (English variant), Cracovia (Italian, Romanian, Spanish), Cracóvia (Portuguese), Cracovie (French), Kroke - קראָקע (Yiddish), Kraká (Icelandic), Krakau (Dutch, German), Краків/Krakiv (Ukrainian), Krakkó (Hungarian), Krakov (Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Krakova (Latvian, Finnish), Krakovía - Κρακοβία (Greek), Krakovo (Esperanto), Kraków (Polish, Swedish), Krākūf (Arabic), Krokuva (Lithuanian), Krakaŭ - Кракаў (Belarusian) |
| Krems | Krems (German, Romanian), Kremže / Křemže (Czech) |
| Kristianstad | Kristianstad (Swedish), Kristianstadas (Lithuanian) |
| Kristinestad | Christinae Stadh (former Swedish), Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish), Kristinestad (Swedish), Kristingrad - Кристинград (Serbian) |
| Krnov | Carnovia (Latin), Jägerndorf (German), Karniów (former Polish), Krnov (Czech), Krnów (Polish) |
| Kudowa Zdrój | Chudoba (Czech), Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish) |
| Kuopio | Kuopio (Finnish, Swedish) |
| Kwidzyn | Kwidzyn (Polish), Marienwerder (German) |
| Kyle of Lochalsh | Caol Loch Ailse (Scots Gaelic) |
[edit]
L
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Labin | Albona (Italian), Labin (Croatian, Serban) |
| Lahti | Lahti (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene), Lahtis (Swedish) |
| Lakhva | Łachwa (Polish), лахва (Russian) |
| Lappeenranta | Lappeenranta (Estonian, Finnish), Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| Lausanne | Lausanne (French, Romanian, Swedish), Lausana (Spanish, Portuguese), Losanna (Italian), Lozan (Armenian, Turkish), Lozana (Serbian), Lozáni - Λωζάννη (Greek), Lozanna (Latvian, Polish), Luzana (Slovene) |
| Leeuwarden | Leeuwarden (Dutch), Ljouwert (Frisian), Liwwarden (Town Frisian), Liewarde (Limburgish) |
| Leghorn | Liorna (Spanish), Livorno (Italian, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian), Livourne (French) |
| Leicester | لستر (Persian), Caerlyr (Welsh), Ratae (Latin), Leicestria (Church Latin) |
| Leiden | Leida (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Leiden (Dutch, Slovene), Lejda (Polish), Leyde (French), Leyden (variant in English) |
| Leipzig | Lajpcig (Serbian), Lajpcyg - Ляйбцыґ (Belarusian), Leipciga (Latvian), Leipcigas (Lithuanian), Leipsic (older English), Leipzig (French, German, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Lipcse (Hungarian), Lipsca (old Romanian), Lipsía - Λειψία (Greek), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsk (Lower Sorbian, Polish), Lipsko (Czech, Slovak) |
| Lębork | Lauenburg (German), Lębork (Polish) |
| Leuven | Leuven (Afrikaans, Dutch), Louvain (French, Romanian), Lováin (Irish), Lovaina (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Lovaň (Czech), Lovanio (Italian), Löwen (German), Lovin (Walloon), Léiwen (Luxembourgish) |
| Lezhë | Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian) |
| Liège | Léck (Luxembourgish), Leodium (Latin), L'ež - Льеж (Russian), Лиеж (Bulgarian), Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon), Liege (Finnish, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Liège (French, Hungarian, Swedish), Liége (former French, Portuguese), Liegi (Italian), Lieĝo (Esperanto), Lieja (Catalan, Spanish), Liéyi - Λιέγη (Greek), Liež (Bulgarian, Serbian), Lježa (Latvian), Luik (Dutch), Lüttich (German), Lutych (Czech), Luuk (Luik) (Limburgish), ولييج (Arabic), 列日 (Chinese), ליאז' (Hebrew), リエージュ (Japanese) |
| Liepāja | Libau (German), Liepoja (Lithuanian), Libava (former Russian), Libave - ליבאַװע (Yiddish), Liepaja (Estonian, Romanian), Liepāja (Latvian), Liibavi (former Estonian), Lipawa (Polish), Liyepaya (Russian) |
| Lier | Lier (Dutch), Lierre (French) |
| Lille | Lil (Serbian), Lilla (Catalan, Italian), Lille (French, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian), Rijsel (Dutch) |
| Limoges | Lemòtges (Occitan), Limož (Serbian) |
| Limassol | Lemesos - Λεμεσός (Greek), Leymosun (Turkish) |
| Limerick | Limeriko (Esperanto), Luimneach (Irish) |
| Linköping | Lincopia (Latin), Linköping (Danish, Finnish, Swedish) |
| Linz | Lentia (Latin), Linca (Latvian), Linec (Czech), Linz (German, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene) |
| Lisbon | ليسبون (Persian), Liospóin (Irish), Lisabon (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak), Lisabona (Latvian, Lithuanian, Romanian), Lisboa (Portuguese, Spanish), Lisbona (Italian), Lisbonne (French), Lisbono (Esperanto), Lišbūna (Arabic), Lissabon (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna - Λισσαβώνα (Greek), Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Armenian, Turkish), Lizbona (Polish, Slovene), Ushbune (old Arabian) |
| Liverpool | ليورپول (Persian), Learpholl (Irish), Lerpwl (Welsh), Liverpūle (Latvian), Liverpulis (Lithuanian), Liverpulo (Esperanto), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh) |
| Ljubljana | Laibach (German), Liubliana (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Liublijana (Lithuanian), Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Ljubljana (Croatian, Finnish, French, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Lubiana (Italian), Lubjanë (Albanian), Lublaň (Czech), Ļubļana (Latvian), Lublana (Polish), Ľubľana (Slovak), Lubyana (Turkish) |
| Lleida | Lerida (Italian, Romanian), Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish), Lleida (Catalan) |
| Löbau | Löbau (German), Lubij (Upper Sorbian), Lubiniec (Polish) |
| London | Landan (Arabic), لندن (Persian, Urdu), Llundain (Welsh), Londain (Irish), Londan - Лёндан (Belarusian), Londe (Limburgish), Londen (Afrikaans, Dutch), Londhíno - Λονδίνο (Greek), Londinium (Latin), Londona (Latvian), Londonas (Lithuanian), Londono (Esperanto), Londra (Albanian, Italian, Romanian, Turkish), Londres (Catalan, French, Portuguese, Spanish), Londrez (Breton), Londyn (Polish), Londýn (Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish), Lundenwic (Anglo-Saxon), Lundúnir (Icelandic), Lunnainn (Scots Gaelic), Reondeon - 런던 (Korean) |
| Londonderry | Derio (Esperanto), Derry (almost universally used in English in Republic of Ireland; disputed usage in Northern Ireland), Doire/Doire Cholm Cille (Irish), Lunnonderry (Scots) |
| Longwy | Longwy (French), Langich (German), Lonkech or Lonkesch (Luxembourgish) |
| Lourdes | Lorda (Catalan, Occitan), Lourde (Provençal), Lourdes (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Lurdy (Czech) |
| Lübben | Lübben (German), Lubin (Lower Sorbian, Polish) |
| Lübbenau | Lübbenau (German), Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübeck | Libek (Serbian), Lībeka (Latvian), Liubekas (Lithuanian), Lubecca (Italian), Lübeck (French, German, Romanian, Swedish), Lubek (Czech), Lubeka (Polish), Lubeque (Portuguese), Lüübek (Estonian), Lyypekki (Finnish) |
| Lublin | Lublino (Italian), Liublinas (Lithuanian), Люблин (Russian), ルブリン (Japanese), לובלין (Hebrew) |
| Lucca | Luca (Portuguese), Lucca (Italian, Romanian), Lucques (French), Lukka (Polish) |
| Lucerne | Liucerna (Lithuanian), Lucern (Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Lucerna (Italian, Latvian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Lucerne (French), Lukérni - Λουκέρνη (Greek), Luzern (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Luzerna (Catalan) |
| Luleå | Luleå (Swedish), Lulėja (Lithuanian), Luleo (Latvian, Serbian), Luulaja (Finnish) |
| Lund | Lund (Danish, Swedish), Lunda (Latin, Latvian) |
| Lüneburg | Lüneburch (Low Saxon), Lüneburg (German, Romanian), Luneburgo (Italian, Portuguese), Lunenburg (Dutch, variant in English) |
| Lutsk | Luckas (Lithuanian), Luţk (Romanian), Lutsk / Luts’k / Луцьк (Ukrainian), Łuck (Polish), |
| Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian), Ljuksemburg - Люксембург (Bulgarian, Russian), Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian), Lucemburk (Czech), Lucsamburg (Irish), Luksemboarch (Frisian), Luksemburg (Croatian, Macedonian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga (Latvian), Luksemburgio (Esperanto), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lussimbork (Walloon), Lützelburg (former German), Lúxemborg (Icelandic), Luxemborg / Luxembourg / Luxemburg (Danish), Luxembourg (Estonian, French, Hungarian [for the city]), Luxemburg (Afrikaans, Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Hungarian [for the country], Romanian, Swedish), Luxemburgia (Latin variant), Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Luxemburgum (Latin), Luxembursko (Slovak), Luxemvúrgho - Λουξεμβούργο (Greek), Luxenburgo (Basque), Lwcsembwrg (Welsh), Luksemburg - Люксэмбурґ(Belarusian) |
| L'viv | Ilyvó (Hungarian), Lavov (Croatian, Serbian), Lemberg (German), Lemberg - לעמבערג (Yiddish), Léopol (French), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Liov (Romanian), L'viv - Львів (Ukrainian), L'voŭ - Львоў (Belarusian), Lvov (Finnish, Portuguese, Slovene), L'vov - Львов (Russian), Ľvov (Slovak), Ļvova (Latvian), Lvovas (Lithuanian), Lwów (Polish) |
| Lyon | Lião (Portuguese), Lijonas (Lithuanian), Lió (Catalan), Lión - Λυών (Greek), Liona (Latvian), Lione (Italian), Liono (Esperanto), Liyon (Serbian, Turkish), Lugdunum or Lugudunum (Latin), Lyon (French, German, Romanian, Slovene), Lyón (Spanish), Lyons (traditional English name) |
[edit]
M
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Maastricht | Mastriht (Serbian), Maastricht (Dutch, French, Romanian), Maestricht (former French, Flemisch, Romanian variant), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Māstrihta (Latvian), Mastrique (Spanish), Mestreech (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon) |
| Madrid | Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Madorīdo - マドリード (Japanese), Madri (Brazilian Portuguese), Madrid (French, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madride (Latvian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), Mecrit (Arabic) |
| Mahilyow | Mahiloŭ - Магілёў (Belarusian), Mogilev (Russian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant), Mogiliovas (Lithuanian) |
| Mainz | Määnz (local dialect), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Mainca (Latvian), Mainz (German, Romanian, Swedish), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Meenz (former local dialect), Maienţa (old Romanian), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek, along with the modern name) |
| Malbork | Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German), Malborg (Romanian) |
| Malmö | Malme (Latvian), Malmø (Danish), Malmö (Finnish, Swedish), Malmogia (Latin) |
| Manchester | Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestera (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mancunium (Latin) |
| Mantua | Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Romanian, Slovak), Mantua (Latin), Mântua (Portuguese) |
| Maribor | Marburg (German), Marburgo (Portuguese), Maribor (Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian) |
| Mariehamn | Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish) |
| Marktredwitz | Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech) |
| Marseille | Mareseļa (Latvian), Marseille (French, Swedish), Marseilles (English variant), Marsel' - Марсель (Russian), Marselha (Portuguese), Marselis (Lithuanian), Marselj (Serbian), Marseljo (Esperanto), Marsella (Spanish), Marsiglia (Italian), Marsilha/Marselha (Occitan), Marsilia (Romanian), Marsīliyā (Arabic), Marsilya (Armenian, Turkish), Marsylia (Polish), Massalía - Μασσαλία (Greek) |
| Mechelen | Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name) |
| Meißen | Meisene (Latvian), Meißen (German), Meissen (Romanian), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish) |
| Melk | Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German) |
| Messina | Mesīna (Latvian), Mesíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek), Messina (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Messine (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Missina (Sicilian) |
| Metz | Divodurum (Latin), Meca (Latvian), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Mety (Czech), Metz (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian) |
| Międzybórz | Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish) |
| Miercurea-Ciuc | Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German) |
| Mikkeli | Mikkeli (Finnish), Sankt Michel (Swedish) |
| Mikulov | Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German) |
| Milan | Mailand (German), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Dutch), Milan (French, Friulian), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Milāna (Latvian), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milanas (Lithuanian) |
| Minsk | Minsk - Мінск or Miensk - Менск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Russian, Serbian), Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minska (Latvian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minszk (Hungarian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsk (Romanian) |
| Miskolc | Miskolc (Hungarian), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian) |
| Moineşti | Moineşti (Romanian), Mojnest (Hungarian) |
| Monaco | Manaka - Манака (Belarusian), Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish), Mónaco (Portuguese, Spanish), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Basque, Esperanto, Latvian, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monegue (Occitan), Monoecus (Latin), Munegu (Monegasque) |
| Mons | Bergen (Dutch), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon), Berg (Limburgish) |
| Monschau | Monschau (German), Montjoie (French) |
| Montbéliard | Mömpelgard (German), Montbéliard (French, Romanian) |
| Moscow | Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Lithuanian), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (French, Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Mosekao (Hawaiian), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Afrikaans, Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva (Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Norwegian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Ukrainian, Icelandic), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto), Moskwa (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish), Mosukuwa - モスクワ (Japanese), Moszkva (Hungarian), Mūskū (Arabic) |
| Mosonmagyaróvár | Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German) |
| Motovun | Motovun (Croatian, Serbian), Montona (Italian) |
| Mścisłaŭ | See Amścisłaŭ |
| Mukacheve | Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German) |
| Mulhouse | Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (French, Romanian), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish) |
| Munich | Minhen (Serbian), Minhene (Latvian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Мюнхен/Myunkhen (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian) |
| Münster |