Additional letters of the Latin alphabet
, used since centuries to note the majority of the languages of Western Europe (then, after colonizations, everywhere in the world), often had to be supplemented: its historical version does not have indeed enough of to note all them of the languages which use it. With this intention, one added to him additional letters, that is to say by simple use of and of , is by construction new graphèmes.
Methods of of languages which do not use the Latin alphabet call also much upon additional letters.
Synopsis |
Added characters
This table recapitulates some graphèmes which was or is still used and which does not return within the framework of the standard Latin alphabet. The languages are specified which use each one of them; dead languages being indicated in italic. Characters specific to is not taken again here.
| Capital | Tiny | Name | Languages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ð | ð | Eth | |
| ? | ? | Schwa | Azerus |
| ? | ? | Ezh | |
| ? | Kra | Kalaallisut (obsolete) | |
| ? | ? | Eng | |
| ? | ? | Or | Algonquin |
| ? | S long | Many languages (obsolete) | |
| ? | Esh | African alphabet of reference | |
| Þ | þ | Thorn | Middle English |
| ? | ? | Wynn | Middle English |
| ? | ? | Yogh | Middle English |
Modified characters
Diacritic
Detailed article: .
A way simple to transcribe a phoneme is to use one on a close letter. If in French the diacritées letters are not regarded as distinct, it goes from there differently for other languages.
Bindings
Detailed article: .
| Capital | Tiny | Name | Languages | Letter dependent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Æ | æ | Ash | | With and E |
| ? | ? | ? | D and Z | |
| ? | ? | D? | D and? | |
| ? | ? | E in O | E and O | |
| & | Esperluette | All | E and T | |
| ? | ? | Hwair | Transcription of | H and V |
| ? | ? | ? | I and J | |
| ? | ? | ? | L and J | |
| LL | ll | LL | Spaniard | L and L |
| ? | ? | ? | N and J | |
| ss | ? (S long) and S ? and Z |
