Tarot
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| (cat.) = category | ||
| this article forms part of the series | ||
| Parlour game (cat.) | ||
| Types of plays | ||
| - deduction | ||
| chance, ... pure, ... reasoned | ||
| letters - negotiation | ||
| - | ||
| strategic combinative abstract | ||
| Modern plays | ||
| Author of parlour games (cat.) | ||
| Editor of parlour games (cat.) | ||
| Price and rewards | ||
| Contest of creators | ||
| See too | ||
| Card deck to be collected | ||
| Set of figurines - Play of war | ||
| Play of adventure - | ||
| ... natural size | ||
| Play on line - Deliver-play | ||
tarot is one being practised with four players. However there are alternatives for three and five players.
At side of the tarot to be played, there are several tarots divinatoires the goal is to help to predict the future.
Charts
The play of tarot is composed of 78 charts:
- Four colors: prick, c?ur, square and clover. Each color is made up of fourteen charts. In the order descending of force and value, the king, the injury, the rider and the servant constitute the honors (or equipped), 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
- Twenties and one charts carry a number: in fact the assets (or tarots) take precedence over the colors. The number indicates the force of each asset, most extremely, the 21, with weakest, the 1 (called small).
- Finally the excuse, a marked chart of a star and representing a player of mandoline, is a kind of joker exempting to play the required color or the asset.
The 21, the small one and the excuse is the three oudlers (or three ends). It is around these three charts that all the strategy of the play of tarot is organized.
The charts are longer than on the others card decks : indeed, the number of charts distributed is rather large (18 charts per player, even more in the plays with three) and would be difficult to keep in hand with the format of ordinary chart.
Value of each chart
- 1 oudler (or boils) 1 - 21 - excuses
- 4 ½ points
- 1 king
- 4 ½ points
- 1 injury
- 3 ½ points
- 1 rider
- 2 ½ points
- 1 servant
- 1 ½ not
- Any other chart
- ½ not
It is easier to count the charts two by two:
- 1 oudler + 1 small chart: 5 points
- 1 king + 1 small chart: 5 points
- 1 injury + 1 small chart: 4 points
- 1 rider + 1 small chart: 3 points
- 1 servant + 1 small chart: 2 points
- 2 small charts with the color or the asset: 1 point
TOTAL = 91 points
The principle of the play
The tarot is played four players. It can be however played three players with some alternatives in the rules. There is also an alternative, more ludic, with five players. In this case, the play is distributed between two teams, the taker and one called on the one hand and the defenders on the other hand.
The tarot is at the same time an individual play and a team game. Indeed, during the part, one of the players, called it taker or the informant, is opposed to the three others, them defenders, which constitutes a team (defense). But this association lasts only the time of one give. It can be constituted differently for gives following.
After having taken knowledge of his play, a player can commit himself only reaching a certain number of points while playing against his three associated adversaries.
How many points the taker does it have to realize to gain its contract? That depends only on the number of oudlers which it counts in its liftings or folds at the end of gives.
Points to be realized
- Without oudler: 56 points are needed
- With a oudler: 51 points are needed
- With two oudler: 41 points are needed
- With three oudler: 36 points are needed
This table enables us to discover the considerable importance of the oudlers. The 21 and excuses it cannot change camp. But attention, the excuse should not be played the last lifting, except in the event of slam, if not it changes camp. The small one, on the contrary, is vulnerable. The informant can lose it... or to take it with its adversaries following the famous one drive out with small.
Distribution
Before the first distribution, one spreads out the play, face hidden, and each player draws a chart randomly. The smallest chart indicates it donor. In the event of equality between two weaker, one respects the set of priorities between the colors: prick, c?ur, square, clover. The clover ace is thus the smallest chart. The assets have priority, but the excuse does not count: it is necessary to withdraw in this case a new chart.
The play must be beaten by the player placed opposite the donor. Then the neighbor of left of the donor must cross while taking or while leaving obligatorily more than three charts.
The donor distributes the charts three by three, in the contrary direction of the needles of a watch. During the distribution, the donor constitutes, chart by chart, a heel of six charts called it dog. It is interdict to put the first or the last chart of the package at the dog.
In the event of misdeal, the donor redistributes, but cannot take with this turn.
A chart turned over by the donor at the time of the distribution involves misdeal, if it acts of an equipped chart or an asset, the donor redistributes and cannot take.
Any chart turned over by a defender at the time of the distribution involves a new distribution by the same donor. A penalty can be given by the referee to the player having collected his charts before the end of the distribution.
The players raise their play only when the distribution is finished. In the event of fault of the donor (misdeal), each player returns his play without looking at it; one avoids regrets and bad mood thus.
The distribution passes in turn in the direction of the play.
Biddings
Once the distributed charts, each player takes note of his play. It is not essential to classify its charts before the end of bidding but, for a beginner, a well classified play allows a more precise evaluation.
The player placed on the right of the donor speaks the first. If he says "I pass", the word passes then to its neighbor of right-hand side. And so on to the donor.
If the four players pass, the neighbor of right-hand side of the donor proceeds to a new distribution. But if a player launches a bidding if it estimates that its play enables him to only play against its three joined together adversaries, it says then "I taken", "I keep", "I keep without the dog" or "I keep against the dog". The other players, placed at his line can possibly cover this first bidding by a higher bidding. Each player can speak only once.
The biddings, by order ascending, are:
- catch, with an average play which lets hope for only approximately 50 % of chances of success and which is often based on the hope of discovered of a very beautiful dog. Called too the small one, it is in the process of disappearance in the tournaments, with the profit of the guard.
- keep can be a higher bid after the catch of an adversary. But it is, generally the first bidding, when the taker considers his chances of success much higher at his risks of failure.
- keep without the dog, with a very beautiful play, the taker estimates that it can carry out its contract without incorporating the dog in its play, therefore without carrying outvariation. But the points of the dog are counted to him at the end of gives and constitute for him a certain reserve of safety. Naturally, no player must look at the dog as long as gives it was not played.
- keep against the dog, with an exceptional play, the taker commits himself carrying out his contract without the assistance of the dog whose points will be taken into account those of defense.
The slam
To make a success of it slam, it is to gain all the liftings (etymology). Perhaps you will play during years without never realizing, nor to undergo, this extremely rare blow.
The slam is required in more of the contract; the points are counted according to the required contract and a premium (or a penalty) additional sanctions the success (or the failure) of this slam:
- Slam announced and carried out: additional premium of 400 points.
- Slam not announced but carried out: additional premium of 200 points.
- Slam announced but noncarried out: 200 points are deduced from the total.
In the event of advertisement of the slam, cost of right to the taker starts it, whatever the donor. In the event of successful slam, the applicant must obligatorily make all his folds and play the excuse in the last: consequently, the small one will be considered with the end if it is carried out to the last but one fold.
Paradoxically, it happens that defense inflicts a slam with the informant. In this case, each defender receives, in more of the normal mark, a premium of 200 points.
The dog and the variation
On a catch or a guard, when the biddings are finished, the taker turns over the six charts of the dog so that each one takes note of it. It incorporates them in its play then draw aside (its variation) six charts which remain secret during all the part and which will be entered with its liftings.
One can draw aside neither king, nor end; one draws aside from the assets that if that appears essential and by showing them with defense.
When it finished its variation, the taker says "Play" and the variation cannot then any more be modified nor consulted.
- On a guard without or a guard against, the charts of the dog remain hidden faces.
- On a guard without, they are placed in front of the taker and will be entered with his liftings.
- On a guard against, they are placed in front of the player located opposite the taker and will be entered with the liftings of defense.
Advertisements
The handle (10, 13 or 15 assets)
A player having a handle can, if it wishes it, announce it and present it the assets classified in the descending order, complete and into only once, right before playing his first chart.
- To the simple handle (ten assets) corresponds a premium of 20 points.
- To the double handle (thirteen assets) corresponds a premium of 30 points.
- To triple handle (fifteen assets) corresponds a premium of 40 points.
These premiums keep the same value whatever the contract. The premium is acquired with the victorious camp of gives.
Examples
- The informant presents a double handle. If it gains, each defender gives him, in more of the normal mark, a premium of 30 points. If it loses, it is him which gives this premium to each defender, in more of the normal mark.
- A defender presents ten asset. If the informant gains, each defender gives him a premium of 20 points. If the informant loses, each defender receives a premium of 20 points.
The handle must include/understand indeed ten, thirteen or fifteen assets. When a player has eleven, twelve, fourteen, sixteen or seventeen assets, it hides one or two of them of its choice, but by complying with this very important rule: the excuse in the handle implies that the advertiser does not have other assets.
The small one with the end
If the small fact part of the last lifting, one says that it is with the end. The camp which carries out the last lifting, provided that this lifting includes/understands the small one, profits from a premium of 10 points, multipliable according to the contract, whatever the result of gives (cf. the calculation of the scores).
Examples
- The informant makes a guard without the dog. A defender takes the small one with the end to him. The informant gives a premium of 10 × 4 = 40 points to each defender.
- If, in spite of the loss of small, the informant gains his contract, the premium is then deduced from its profits.
- The informant makes a catch. A defender carries out the last fold with the small one. The informant gives a premium of 10 points to each defender. If the informant gains nevertheless gives it, the premium is deduced from its profits.
Small dryness
A player having small dryness (it is its only asset and it does not have the excuse) must obligatorily announce it, to spread out his play and to cancel gives it before the biddings.
Card deck
The informant having finished his variation says "Play". Starts (the first played chart) is carried out by the player placed on the right donor. Then each player plays in his turn, while turning in the direction reverses with that of the needles of a watch. The player having carried out the first lifting starts the following lifting. And so on. The play proceeds then according to following rules':
- With the asset, one is obliged to go up on the strongest asset already concerned, even if it belongs to a partner. A player not having the asset higher than highest already concerned, plays an asset of his choice, in general smallest. It is said that it "pisses".
- À la couleur, on est obligé de fournir la couleur demandée, mais pas de monter.
- One is obliged to cross (i.e. to play asset) if one does not have a chart of the color requested. If the preceding player cut him also, one is obliged of surcouper (to cross with a higher asset) or under-to cross (to piss) if surcouper cannot.
- One trues (one plays a chart of his choice) if one has neither chart of the color requested, nor of asset.
- If the first chart of a lifting is the excuse, it is the following chart which determines the played color.
- The excuse does not make it possible to except carry out a lifting (in the event of slam), but it remains the property of the camp which holds it. If the adversary gains the lifting where the excuse is, its holder must replace it in the lifting by any other small chart (or asset) taken in the liftings carried out by his camp.
- In the event of slam successful by a taker not having the excuse, this normally played chart remains the property of defense and account for four points.
- The liftings carried out by defense must be collected by the sitted player opposite the informant.
- As long as a lifting was not collected, any player can consult the preceding lifting.
- A player should never play before his turn, nor to even leave a chart his play before its turn did not arrive.
The calculation of the scores
At the end of the part, one counts the points contained in the liftings of the taker on the one hand, and in those of defense on the other hand. The total of the two calculations must be equal to 91 points.
To gain his contract, the taker must carry out a minimum number of points which is a function of the number of ends that it has in his liftings at the end of the part (in the event of guard without the dog, a possible end with the dog is acquired with the taker). If the number of points is carried out exactly, the contract is "right fact"; if the number of points is higher, the additional points are points of profit; if the number of points is lower, the contract is dropped and numbers it missing points corresponds to points of loss.
Any contract arbitrarily being worth 25 points, one adds 25 points with the number of points of profit or loss.
This new total is matched of a coefficient according to the required contract:
- in the event of catch, this total is unchanged,
- in the event of keep, this total is multiplied by 2,
- in the event of keep without, this total is multiplied by 4,
- in the event of keep against, this total is multiplied by 6.
Each defender marks the same number of points: into negative if the taker gains, into positive if the taker falls.
The taker marks three times this total, into positive if it gained, into negative if it fell.
The total of the four scores of the taker and each three defender is thus equal to 0.
Examples of mark of points
- The taker tries a guard, presents a handle of 10 assets. It carries out the small one to the end and carries out 49 points by holding two ends. It thus passes from 49 - 41 = 8. 25 (contract) + 8 = 33 multiplied by 2 (Guard) = 66. Handle = 20, and small with end 2 × 10 = 20. That is to say a total of 66 + 20 + 20 = 106. Each defender marks -106 and the taker marks 3 × 106 = +318.
- The taker gains a guard without 4 points, but the small one is carried out to the end by defense (25 + 4) × 4 (guard without) = 116 but it is necessary to cut off 40 for the small one with the end. The taker marks +228 and each defender -76.
- The taker falls a catch of 7 points after having presented a handle of 10 assets, but by carrying out the small one to the end. Each defender marks 25 + 7 + 20 (handle) - 10 (small with the end) = +42. The taker marks -42 × 3 = -126.
- The taker gains a guard of 11 points, defense having presented a handle. (25 + 11) × 2 (guard) = 72, plus 20 of handle (paid by defense). Total 92. The taker marks +276 and each defender -92.
- On a guard, the taker announces and makes a success of the slam, shows a handle of 10 assets and carries out the small one to the end. defense preserves the excuse which it had. With 2 ends, the taker carries out 87 points. It gains of 87 - 41 = 46. (46+25) × 2 (guard) + 20 (handle) + 20 (small with the end) + 400 (announced slam) = 582. Each defender marks -582. The taker marks +582 × 3 = +1746.
The tarot with three players
The rule is the same one as for the play with four, but the charts are distributed four by four.
Each player receives twenty-four charts, the dog is composed of six charts. The contracts are identical to the play with four players. The handles are:
- simple: 13 assets;
- double: 15 assets;
- triple: 18 assets.
It is not useful to give a low chart to supplement the fold including/understanding the excuse, this rule being worth only to preserve an even number of charts per camp. Indeed, to three players, it is not sure to have, at the time of the calculation, an even number of charts to be counted.
At the time of the calculation, it is necessary to count with half-time near. Thus, a taker who was to make 41, if it makes 40,5 loses gives it. The round-off is done then by always privileging the camp which will mark points. Thus, in the preceding case, the taker falls of a point. Conversely, if it had made 41,5, it would have gained of a point.
If it misses half-time with the taker, its contract is dropped.
An alternative, making it possible to have less charts in hands, consists in withdrawing play the charts active of the 2 to the 6 in each four color. The distribution is made three by three, the dog comprises four charts then. The calculation of the folds is done by adding five to each part in order to include the ten withdrawn points there.
The tarot with five players or "call with the king"
The charts are distributed three by three in the direction reverses needles of a watch. Each player receives fifteen charts and the dog receives three charts. contracts are identical to the plays with three or four players. handles are:
- simple: 8 assets;
- double: 10 assets;
- triple: 13 assets.
Before turning over the dog, the taker calls a king of his choice and the holder of this king becomes his partner, this is why the play with five players is sometimes called "the call with the king". If the taker has the four kings, it calls an injury or a rider if it has also the four injuries. If the selected king is with the dog, then the play is played against four. Starts cannot be made in the color chosen by the taker except if this starts is made of the king called. The taker can just as easily call a king whom it has already, if it estimates to be able to make his all alone contract. In this case, it will not share the profits.
The distribution of the points (including the premiums of handle and or small to the end) is made two thirds for the taker, a third for his partner. If the taker would have played against four, it boxes the totality of the points in more or less according to its success or its fall.
If it misses half-time with the taker, its contract is dropped.
The popular tarot and its alternatives
Apart from the clubs the tarot is a play practised much in particular in the military barrack rooms and in the students, but also in much of hearths between friends. It often acts of the play with five players, most ludic, adapted play to 4 and considered as nonserious. It is true that the greatest number of players, the call with the king and the fact that the taker has a partner facilitate the play with speaking.
Because it aims at being applied in tournament, the rule defined by the French federation of tarot made disappear certain accessories from the traditional play. By reaction, the senior players amateurs are sulky this rule. Certain investigations would have established that the number of players amateurs observing their rules is élévé considerably more...
Some examples of alternatives:
- The rule published with the plays of tarot Carta Mundi makes state of premiums not retained by the FFT:
- no the asset called popularly misery of assets : the absence of asset, the excuse not being regarded as an asset, offers a premium of 10 points.
- no honor called popularly misery of heads : the absence of head and ends offers a premium of 10 points.
- bidding including/understanding taken (or small), push, guard, guard without, guard against, small and large slams (these two last announcing itself only after the variation!);
- use of flies for the settings in liquid;
- with , impossibility of playing them three ends in the same lifting;
- possibility of call of any chart for the choice of the partner (to 5);
- to play misery : at the end of the biddings, if nobody took, pluôt to redistribute, the dog is put on side without turning over it and the part is played every man for himself with for goal to collect less points possible what punishes the players having a good play.
For some, there would exist "alternatives as many as communes"...
Play of contemporary and functional Tarot. TUTORIAL. :
Good paper for the charts is not in spindles. These are sheets of variable size. This paper size will inevitably determine dimensions and the number of charts of the play. With a greater number of charts, minor cuts these last.
For the example one chose the 48 as the number of charts. For that one needed two paper sheets. For the 24 even charts and another for the 24 odd charts. This distribution very easily made it possible to improve the cromatism of the unit: The odd charts would carry a selection of colors different from the sheet of the even charts. I.e.: 2 magentas, 2 cyans, 2 yellows and 2 bistres. Total: 8 colors.
48 it resulted a number versatil. Undoubtedly he would be liked in old Mesopotamie. It is very easily divisible.
All the charts would be MAJOR MYSTERIES to better use the powerful force of an icon in itself. And of a blow the abstract minor mysteries FORGET some.
One initially divided the 48 charts into four groups of 12 each one: The one for the LOVE, both for HEALTH, the three for the MONEY and, after having much thought it, the four for WORK.
Each chart appears in the book with significances favorable while evolving/moving to unfavourable, or contrary, and with a general tendency. For example: Beneficial.
The MYSTERIES or the icons, were selected a-posteriori and, although they all can have been completely original, one preferred to use some reformed image of other tarots not to make it excessively strange. All the charts have aspects in connection with the human body and twelve of them with the signs of the zodiac.
Well, with the mallet, you have the book of instructions and also you need a case.
Once finished the TAROT, to use the tool it was a part of the project. And that resulted a really curious and interesting chapter. During a few months I professionally devoted myself (essential condition) to read TAROT SARRY. I finished by leaving it simply because I had other things to make.
I méticuleusement followed my own instructions of the book, contaminated by the significance of the close charts. I.e., I sought sales lines in the medium of words vague and abstracted in a deliberated way.
It was frequent that, spent a time, I was with a certain customer who affirmed to have been very precise in my reading and which thought that I remembered similar thing.
I as thought as the charts on the table, by themselves, fassaint important work. Or which when I said "beach" my customer created in his head the image "of the good beach".
See too
External bonds
- site of the French Federation of tarot
- glossary and give tarot with accompanying notes
- Sarry tarot, 48 arcans major
Bibliography
- Play of tarot, by Noël Chavey, Solar editions, ISBN 2263025421.
- The Tarot: its rules and all its alternatives, by Sarian Daynes, Bornemann editions, ISBN 2851826220.
Some plays of tarot on computer
- ßt Tarot, under , respects the payment of the FFT for the play with four (licence: 24,90 €).
- The Tarot, in for , , Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X, can be played in network (licence: 25 €).
- WebTarot, under , official partner of the FFT (licence: 15 €).
- Tarot Club, for and under licence
In conjuring, it tarot is the name given to the back of the charts.
