2nd crusade

2nd crusade(Is to be, or it is, the じ ゅ maggot ぐ it is, 1147? 1148)エデッサ 伯 territoryReceiving loss, the pope エウゲニウス 3 world. Other than France and the German king, many nobility, the participant of the bishop and the populace was obtained, but because the principal participant you act disjointedly with the respective separate thought, without almost being listed the result, it ended.

Background

1145It is thick Mori of モスール ザンギーCruciform militaristic houseエデッサ 伯 territoryThat was taken, receiving the news, Roman pope エウゲニウス 3 world called the crusade of sanctuary rescue. In these news press tar John is included, it seems that rescue is expected from also his.

With request of the pope, established reputation it was as a name preaching house クレルヴォー to do inducement preaching, French kingLouis 7 worldGerman king コンラート 3 world, French queen Elea Nord and スワビア public フリードリヒ (afterフリードリヒ 1 world) Other things, 1st crusade. Furthermore also the populace is wildly excited, as for ベルナルドゥス with the letter which is addressed to the pope, "8 tenths of general popular boy participate, only the woman remain. It is the widow being lazy. "With it has reported.

Simply, already with the イベリア peninsula レコンキスタ has entered into interesting part, イベリア peninsular direction and Marseilles, ジェノバ、 pizza, it is recommended, that it participates in there,Throb personConquest crusade (Northern crusadeIt was recognized) as.

As understood even from description above, this time it is different from the other crusade, Jerusalem recapture (still we maintained Jerusalem, the reason which receives attack directly is not) for the sake of, that purpose was not, or ザンギー morning is attacked or conquering other Islam country around Jerusalem or the Muslim is attacked from edge recapturing エデッサ 伯 territory clear.

In addition, as for posture of christianity side, even in arrange of ベルナルドゥス in spite, the German king コンラート 3 world and Sicilian king ルッジェーロ 2 world has been opposed, ルッジェーロ 2 world did not participate after all.ビザンティン empire マヌエル 1 world maintained the power balance of the Muslim, did not welcome the new crusade. Furthermore either French king and German king did not do, took up position conduct together each one Shin disjointedly.

イベリア peninsula

As for England and Normandy スティーブン king non government age, it could not do the large coming out soldier, but each horsemen, Scotland, with the Flanders spirit departed by the boat. The middle, Portuguese king who attacks Lisbonアフォンソ 1 worldFlowing together to the troop, after capturing Lisbon in 1147 October, it flowed together with French king facing toward east.

Shin troop

German king passing by the overland route, from Hungary arrived to コンスタンティノープル, but when cooperation of ビザンティン side cannot be received, independently crossing small Asia, room セルジューク morning troop, defeat 喫. After that, the little survivor arrived to Jerusalem.

On the one hand, French king became the shape which chases the course which German king traces from after in small Asia was defeated in the same way in the room セルジューク morning troop. Somehow アンティオキア public country, can offer エデッサ 伯 territory recapture from uncle アンティオキア public レイモン of queen Elea Nord, but it refused and faced to Jerusalem.

Jerusalem

Finally, all troop it collected in Jerusalem, but intention to fight was low, as for purpose of pilgrim thinking that it carried out, those which wish to return were many by the fact that already it comes to Jerusalem. In addition, cruciform militaristic house of locale (old エデッサ 伯 territory and アンティオキア public country,Tripoli 伯 territory、 Jerusalem kingdom) There was no either empty participation.

But, the Jerusalem kingボードゥアン 3 worldTroop discussion is done in the origin, it is the political situation insecure and it was thought that it is weak relatively,ダマスクス local administration. Many subjects of Jerusalem kingdom opposed, when this it is the thought of being foolish. ダマスクス has been opposed ザンギー morning for a long time, in addition since in 1140 ダマスクス lord ウナル repelling the troop of ザンギー with rescue of the Jerusalem kingdom troop, damask ス and Jerusalem kingdom are because it is in relationship of alliance. But, with Jerusalem and アンティオキア you obtained saintly capital ダマスクス which appears even in Bible, you overcame after all on the crusade side which we would like to make the result which justifies this campaign.

ダマスクス attack

11487 month 23 day and ダマスクス attack started, but every one of the ザンギー morning when lord ウナル of damask ス buries the well and the spring around the castle, has been opposed (the ン ギ which succeeds after - the son, ヌールッディーン and him サイフッディーン which has been opposed with that older brother. Furthermore, in the Jerusalem kingdom beginning cruciform militaristic house which has trembled with arrival of the large troop from the West, "the next of ダマスクス fall, controlling directly converting the cruciform militaristic house, is the expectation which it picks up", that you sent the document and alienation step did. Because of that, the crusade whose numbers are few originally after being bothered in the ムスリム troop of ヌールッディーン and others and the ambush of ダマスクス, was troubled with also water supply, received the persuasion of the native cruciform militaristic house which inspires the threat of the reinforcements of further ム slim, after the only 4 days, there are no many results and withdrew to Jerusalem.

After returning to Jerusalem, the crusade dispersed, was attached to the return route respectively.

Result

Roman pope crusade, most it is good calling the crusade who does not have the result. ( 4th crusade, and othersCatholicThere was a result, enlargement of power.)

• The crusade had been opposed without listing many results, not only returning,ダマスクスWith it cooperated ヌールッディーン, had ダマスクス the gnu ル ッ dean possess afterwards and came to the point of making Syria standardize, promoted the concentration of Islamic power.
• To native origin it convertedCruciform militaristic houseは、ムスリムながら盟邦だったダマスクスを失い、かねてから西洋人には妥協しなかったヌールッディーンのシリア統一によって圧迫される羽目に陥った。
• イベリア半島では、リスボンを奪取し、レコンキスタに貢献した。
• スラブ人に対する十字軍はこの後も続くことになる。
• 西欧はこの失敗に脱力し、エウゲニウス3世とベルナルドゥスが新しい十字軍を呼びかけても、もはや応じる者はいなかった。