Voltage

Voltage(Is thickly) with,Electric potentialWithSynonymIs, but mainlyPotential dirrerenceMind. Electric potential from datum point (electricPotential) It is difference. As a unit with MKSA system of unitsVolt/bolt(V) Is used.

Below, English edition was referred.

Definition

Between two points where electric potential differs, electron and the like electric charge occurs. This power "Electromotive force"With it calls. For example the object which lets flow electricity ( conductor)Magnetic fieldWhen it moves vertically, vis-a-vis the difference of electric potential (potential dirrerence) occurs on the both ends of the object.

As for potential dirrerence between two points, the object which electric charge is done one point the occasion where it makes one point move which probably will be entwined necessityWorkIt defines, as those which are excluded by electric charge of that object. If it expresses separately, it is possible to call the work which is obtained the occasion where it moves to another point from the point which has unit electric charge. As for volt/boltアレッサンドロ ヴォルタAt the unit which is associated, 1C Electric charge 1J The potential dirrerence which works 1V With it defines.

As for potential dirrerence between two points a and b,Electric fieldE Section a and b a certain curved lineC It parallels, that minute sectionD L When dividing, the division

< Math> \sum\boldsymbol {\mathit {E}} \cdot\boldsymbol {\mathit {\Delta l}} < /math>

As, < Math> E_l< /math> < Math> C< /math> The extremity of tangential line direction with elementary vector analysis,

< Math> \int_C\boldsymbol {\mathit {E}} \cdot d\boldsymbol {\mathit {l}} =\int E_ldl< /math>

With to express, as for potential dirrerence between a and b

< Math> \int_a^b\boldsymbol {\mathit {E}} \cdot d\boldsymbol {\mathit {l}}

=\int_a^bEdl\cos\phi=V_a-V_b< /math>

So it is.

As for potential dirrerence it can think with analogical inference of the water flow. Supposing, that you prepare the pipe which is connected reticularly, there is no gravity it lets flow the water due to the pump. In this case potential dirrerence is suitable to the difference of the water pressure between two points of the pipe. If difference of the water pressure exists, as for the water it is possible, turns the turbine and from the point where the water pressure is high to flow to the low point it is possible to remove energy.

Three points A and B, concerning C, potential dirrerence between AC is harmony of potential dirrerence between AB and potential dirrerence between BC. In other words potential dirrerence is add. In addition, two points of circuit complete conductor (Electric resistance0) If so you connect, potential dirrerence at that time becomes 0. Here, electric potential is equal in the circuit, (connecting the other) two points, electric current does not flow. As for the potential dirrerence in the various points of the circuitKirchhoff's lawIt is possible to calculate with.

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