Sheffield

Panorama of Sheffield (Center and North) 2004.

Sheffield it is the fourth city of . Located in the county of South Yorkshire it possesss currently () a population well above of 500,000 inhabitants. Its urban agglomeration has about 1105 a thousand inhabitants.

Table of content

1 History
2 Geography
3 Buildings and Institutions of Interest
4 Quarters of the city of Sheffield
5 External linkings

History

The city is very old, with origins in Age of Bronze, or even before. (It has indications in the region, in Creswell Craggs, of habitation for men of the time of paleolithic period). In Age of Iron, in century I, the tribe celta call "Brigantes", constructed a ortaleza against the advance of Romans in the area that today is part of the quarter of Wincobank, in the northeast of the city. Subsequentemente, a road Roman was constructed the north of Sheffield, sections of which still can be seen in Stannage Edge.

The accented growth more of the city, in the old times, occurred when Saxões they had established a community (Scafeld, or Escafeld) in the eaves of the River Sheaf. In Dore (now a quarter in the region west of the city), in the year of 829, the King Eanred de Northumbria it assumed the defeat of its army and if it delivered to its rival, the King Egbert de Wessex, that thus first King Saxão of all became .

Until , Sheffield if had become famous for the quality of the knives produced for the local industry of the time, and in assumed a position of leadership in the manufacture of places setting.

In 1740 Benjamin Huntsman it developed the innovative process to produce steel type "Crucible Steel" in its workshop in the quarter of . This process if became world-wide the main process for the steel production until the invention, for the Henry Bessemer, in its plant in Sheffield, of the "Bessemer Convertor" whom the siderurgical industry revolutionized international.

"Bishop's House", edifício do século XVI, Sheffield.

"Bishop's House", building of , Sheffield.

The city if became one of the foundations of the industrial revolution in .

More recently, in , Harry Brearly invented stainless steel in one of the plants of the city and Profs. F. B. Pickering (of the Polytechnical one of Sheffield, now Sheffield Hallam University) and Terry Gladman had carried through extensive works in the research and development of the physical steel metallurgy to the long one of the decades of the 60, 70 and 80 of the passed century, which had been basic in the evolution of modern steel of low binds and high resistance, so essential in century XXI.

Geography

Sheffield, located 53°23 ' north, 1°28 ' west, is in the border of Yorkshire with the forests of Nottinghamshire e the mountains and charnecas of Derbyshire. Historicamente, Sheffield was part of "West Riding"of Yorkshire and, before this, the" Shire "Saxão of Hallamshire.

The city grew in a valley between seven hills, in the confluence of five rivers: Don, Sheaf, Rivelin, Loxley e Porter.

Sheffield is to the west of National park of the Peak District ("District of the Peaks", if relating to the Mountain range of Pennines). In fact, one terço of the city if inside locates of this park (none another English city possesss territory of a national park inside) and the city is cited as greenest of the country, with 150 public forests and 50 parks.