Illusion

Illyu?ziya ( illusio - error, fraud) - the distorted perception of the actually existing object. Illusions can appear in the mentally healthy people (physical, physiological illusions, metamorfopsii).

Varieties of the illusions:

• physical - are connected with the objective laws in force in the world (for example, the spoon, partially lowered in the container with the water, it is received as cracked);
• physiological - are connected with the special features of peripheral or central it is sectional the analyzers (sensory organs) of man (for example, if we several times raise simultaneously by both hands the pair of different in the mass objects, and then another pair of the objects of identical mass, then the object, which was proven to be in the hand, in which to that it was lighter, it will seem by heavier than object, which is located in other hand)Contrasting illusion on Uznadze and its expansion to 3 and more than the objects

• affective - appear under the effect of the expressed fluctuations of mood or in connection with ostroformiruyushchimsya by the passion , the anxiety;
• verbal - appear as a result of the distorted perception of the real conversations of the surrounding people;
• organic (metamorfopsii) - the distorted visual perception of form, value, color, three-dimensional arrangement, state of rest or motion of the actually existing object; they distinguish autometamorfopsii (sensation of a change in the value, form of the parts of its own body) and ekzometamorfopsii (disturbance of the perception of the surrounding objects); this form of the disorders of perception can be observed not only in mentally sick, but also in mentally healthy people with the pathology of the visual organ;
• the illusion of osoznavayemosti (personified osoznavayemosti) - sensation, which next allegedly someone is located; this form of illusions is isolated k. By Jaspers; in the opinion of the author, this form of illusions is the sign of the formation and ;
• (functional illusions) - the special form of the illusions, with which of the complex patterns (on the carpet, the winter glass) they appear and gradually are developed complex fantastic pictures.