1954

Events

• The semiconductor transistor with the cost of 2,5 dollars, created for the first time appeared in sale Til Gordon(Gordon Teal) in the firm Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Release IBM the first mass calculator - 650, in yr it was possible to sell 450 copies.
• 1 March  - - in USA it is declared about that which on the Marshall Islands successfully underwent testing the H-bomb, whose power more than 500 times exceeds the bomb, discarded on Hiroshima in 1945 to year.
• 13 March  - - in Vietnam partisans surround French troops in the village D'en Of b'en fie.
• 13 April  - - Vladimir Petrov, Soviet ambassador in To Canberra, is obtained political refuge in Australia.
• 18 April  - - the Colonel Nasser he becomes prime minister and military governor .
• 21 April  - - the entrance USSR in UNESCO.
• 7 May  - - in north Vietnam surrounded by Vietnamese troops in the village D'en Of b'en fie French subdivisions are surrendered.
• 12 June  - - after the defeat of Frenchmen, surrounded by Vietnamese partisans in the village D'en Of b'en fie, the national meeting France government into the resignation is sent.
• 27 June  - - launching the first in USSR the atomic power plant
• 31 July  - - the Italian mountain climbers Lina Lachedelli and Akhille Of kompan'oni first in the world rose to the apex K2 (8611 m). Leader of ekspeditsii  - Ardito Dezio.
• 1 August  - - after war was for the first time opened All-Union agricultural exhibition, subsequently Exhibition of achievements of national economy (VDNKH - EXHIBITION OF ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE USSR), at present All-Russian exhibition center (VVTS).
• 14 September  - - on The totskom range (Orenburg region) are carry ouied the troop exercises in the conditions for real nuclear explosion. In The totskikh studies were begun to operate the parts, staffs and subdivisions of all forms and kinds of voysk  - in all to 45 thousand soldiers. Marshal Zhukov commanded studies. Studies preceded the special decision of the Council of Ministers OF USSR from 29 September 1953 year, that began the large-scale preparation of the armed forces and country as a whole for the actions under the special conditions. The troop exercise, which was being named the "penetration of the prepared tactical defense of enemy with the application of an atomic weapon", had and political podopleku  - as the observers to it were invited Minister of Defenses from amicably OF THE USSR of states. For the Soviet soldiers the participation in the studies was wrapped up by thousands of human tragedies. For the first time Soviet community about the studies became known only in the years of reconstruction, after explosion on Chernobyl' AES, when the surviving participants began to require they the same privileges, such as were relied to "chernobyl'tsam".
• 17 September  - - is created Soviet nuclear range in the archipelago Novaya Zemlya.
• 23 October  - - the representatives USA, Great Britain, France and USSR they negotiate about the curtailment of the occupation of Germany.
• 11 November  - - in President Nagib is mixed from his post (18 November the General Gamal' Of abdel' Nasser it becomes Head of The State).

They were borne

Cm. also: Category:Borne into 1954

• 22 January  - - Andrey Yarmol'nik, actor shoumen.
• 24 February  - - was borne the love Of uspenskaya  - well-known Russian singer, the queen of shansona.
• 30 March  - - Layma To vaykule, popular Latvian singer.
• 14 April — Bruce Sterling, American the writer- visionary, the journalist and the literary critic, one of the leaders the cyberpunk.
• 16 June — Sergey Anatol'evich Kurekhin, well-known composer, dzhazmen, fate- pianist, artist director.
• 12 August — Matliba Of alyumova, actress (film "gipsies").
• 12 August — Pet Of meteni, American jazz -rokovy1 guitarist.
• 30 August — Aleksandr Lukashenko, the President Belorussia.
• 31 August — Robert Kocharyan, the President Armenia.
• 22 November — Yuri Mikhaylovich Polyakov, the Russian writer

They passed away

Cm. also: Category:Dead persons into 1954

• 16 January — Mikhail Mikhaylovich Prishvin, Russian Soviet writer, the singer of Russian nature.
• 14 May — Guderian, Heintz Wilhelm, German General, the creator German armored troops.
• 7 June — Turing, Alan Of matison, English mathematician.
• 29 August — Aleksandr Vissarionovich Abashe?li, poet and science fiction writer.
• 28 November — Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist, the laureate The Nobel Prize in physics (1938).

The Nobel Prizes

• Physics — Max Born  - - "for basic research in quantum mechanics, especially for its statistical interpretation of wave function", Walter Both  - - "for the method of agreements for detecting the cosmic rays and made in connection with this discoveries".
• Chemistry — Laynus Karl Pauling
• Medicine and the physiology — John Franklin Enders, Thomas Khakl Weller, Frederic Chapman Robbins
• Economy  - - it was not sentenced.
• Literature — Ernest Miller Hemingway
• Peace prize  - - the service of the High Commissioner UNITED NATIONS in the affairs of the refugees